The Contribution of Stress to Child Abuse

Barth, Richard P.; Blythe, Betty J.

doi:10.1086/644120

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Family risk factors include low family income, single parenthood, cohabitation with someone other than the children's biological father, and stressful family events (Barth & Blythe, 1983;Browne & Saqi, 1988;Needell et al, 1999;Pelton, 1994;Sedlak & Broadhurst, 1996;Shook, 1999;Thomlison, 2004). Among mother's characteristics, race has a different relationship with CPS involvement in the general and welfare population.…”

Section: Research On Other Risk Factors For Child Maltreatment and Cpmentioning

confidence: 99%

Welfare recipients’ involvement with child protective services after welfare reform

Nam

Meezan

Danziger

2006

Child Abuse & Neglect

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Objective-This study identifies factors associated with child protective services (CPS) involvement among current and former welfare recipients after welfare reform legislation was passed in the US in 1996.Method-Data come from the Women's Employment Study, a longitudinal study of randomly selected welfare recipients living in a Michigan city in 1997 (N = 541). In order to identify risk factors for CPS involvement among current and former welfare recipients, multinomial logit analyses with 29 independent variables were employed on a trichotomous dependent variable: no CPS involvement, investigation only, and supervision by CPS after investigation. Results-The relationship between work and involvement with CPS differs by work experience prior to welfare reform. As the percentage of months working after welfare reform increased, the risk of being investigated by CPS declined among those with prior work experience but the risk increased among those without prior work experience. However, work variables were not significant predictors of supervision by CPS after an initial investigation. Further, race, cohabitation, childhood welfare receipt, having a learning disability, having a large number of children, being newly divorced, living in a high problem neighborhood, and being convicted of a crime were associated with one's probability of being either investigated or supervised by CPS.Conclusions-These findings suggest that employment could have increased the stress levels of current or former welfare recipients without prior work experience to the point where they were prone to minor child rearing mistakes that resulted in a CPS investigation, but were not severe enough to warrant opening the case for supervision. Supports should be provided to welfare mothers who are prone to involvement with CPS; expansions in the childcare subsidy and a reduction or delay in work requirements might also help these families.

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Section: Research On Other Risk Factors For Child Maltreatment and Cpmentioning

confidence: 99%

Welfare recipients’ involvement with child protective services after welfare reform

Nam

Meezan

Danziger

2006

Child Abuse & Neglect

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“…To develop an appropriate model, three criteria (face, construct and predictive validity), frequently applied to evaluate animal models of neuropsychiatric disorders, should be satisfied [ 20 ]. Child abuse has three prominent characteristics: transmission to subsequent generations; onset can be triggered by stressful environments; and there is recurrence within the same family [ 8 – 10 , 21 , 22 ]. In this study, we used cross-fostering experiments involving MT mice to investigate whether the maltreatment phenotype would be transmitted to the next generation, enabling assessment of one aspect of face validity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impaired Maternal Behavior in Usp46 Mutant Mice: A Model for Trans-Generational Transmission of Maternal Care

et al. 2015

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Usp46 mutant mice (congenic strain on a B6 genetic background; MT mice) have a low weaning rate and display poor maternal behavior compared to C57BL/6J mice (B6 mice). Based on these observations, we examined how maternal behavior is shaped by cross-fostering and in-fostering MT and B6 mice. The experiments consisted of six groups: B6 mice fostered by their biological mother (B6-CO); MT mice fostered by their biological mother (MT-CO); B6 mice fostered by a different B6 mother (B6-IF); MT mice fostered by a different MT mother (MT-IF); B6 mice fostered by an MT mother (B6-CF); and MT mice fostered by a B6 mother (MT-CF). Maternal behavior was assessed using the pup-retrieval test in adult female offspring, and four parameters, time nursing pups in the nest, time sniffing or licking pups, rearing behavior, and latency to retrieve pups, were measured. Cross-fostering significantly reduced time spent nursing and sniffing/licking pup, and increased the number of instances of rearing in the B6-CF group, and improved three parameters of maternal behaviors (nursing, rearing and latency) in the MT-CF group. These results indicate that the level of maternal care is transmitted to their pups and proper maternal behaviors can be shaped if adequate postpartum maternal care is given, even in genetically vulnerable mice. However, the offspring’s genotype may also influence the development of maternal behaviors in adulthood. Thus, MT mice may prove useful as a model for trans-generational transmission of maternal care, and these findings may provide insight into the mechanisms of maltreating behaviors in human child abuse.

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“…Whether defined by physical characteristics, economic demarcations, or by residents’ perceptions of their neighborhood, the community influences children’s development and parents’ caregiving capacity (Daro & Dodge, 2009). For example, child maltreatment is considered a stress-related phenomenon and parents who live in more stressful communities are at higher risk for involvement with CPS (Barth & Blythe, 1983). The communities in which families are situated create a context that can facilitate or hinder the ability of any parent to engage in formal services (Daro et al, 2007).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Engaging fathers in child protection services: A review of factors and strategies across ecological systems

Gordon¹,

Oliveros²,

Hawes³

et al. 2012

Children and Youth Services Review

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Current policy regarding child protection services places increasing demands for providers to engage fathers whose children are involved in the child protection process. This requisite brings to the fore the ongoing challenges that fathers have historically faced in working within these systems. Despite this need, there is little empirical evidence regarding the factors and strategies that impact the engagement of fathers in interventions relevant to child protection services. This comprehensive and systemic review synthesizes the available literature regarding factors and strategies that may foster paternal involvement in the child protection system and their services. We organize the literature concerning paternal engagement in child and family services around an ecological model that examines paternal engagement from individual, family, service provider, program, community, and policy levels. We consider factors and strategies along a continuum of engagement through intent to enroll, enrollment, and retention. This review advances theory by elucidating key factors that foster father engagement. The review also highlights the gaps in the literature and provides strategies for how researchers can address these areas. Future directions in the arenas of practice and policy are discussed.

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The Contribution of Stress to Child Abuse

Cited by 11 publications

References 25 publications

Welfare recipients’ involvement with child protective services after welfare reform

Welfare recipients’ involvement with child protective services after welfare reform

Impaired Maternal Behavior in Usp46 Mutant Mice: A Model for Trans-Generational Transmission of Maternal Care

Engaging fathers in child protection services: A review of factors and strategies across ecological systems

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