The contribution of sleep to hippocampus-dependent memory consolidation

Marshall, Lisa; Born, Jan

doi:10.1016/j.tics.2007.09.001

Cited by 579 publications

(439 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…Performance improvements that occur over shorter time periods, such as within a single training session or day, are typically referred to as online learning (Reis et al, 2009). Over longer periods of time, such as over several hours, days or training sessions, motor memories may transition to a consolidation phase (Gais et al, 2007;Marshall & Born, 2007;Stickgold, 2005;Walker, Brakefield, Hobson, & Stickgold, 2003). Behavioral expressions of consolidation may include: (1) a greater resistance to interference caused by other learned skills (i.e.…”

Section: Motor Learningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of tDCS on motor learning and memory formation: A consensus and critical position paper

Buch

Santarnecchi

Antal

et al. 2017

Clinical Neurophysiology

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Motor skills are required for activities of daily living. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) applied in association with motor skill learning has been investigated as a tool for enhancing training effects in health and disease. Here, we review the published literature investigating whether tDCS can facilitate the acquisition and retention of motor skills and adaptation. A majority of reports focused on the application of anodal tDCS over the primary motor cortex (M1) during motor skill acquisition, while some evaluated tDCS applied over the cerebellum during adaptation of existing motor skills. Work in multiple laboratories is under way to develop a mechanistic understanding of tDCS effects on different forms of learning, and to optimize stimulation protocols.Efforts are required to improve reproducibility and standardization. Overall, reproducibility remains to be fully tested, effect sizes with present techniques are moderate (up to d= 0.5) (Hashemirad, Zoghi, Fitzgerald, & Jaberzadeh, 2016) and the basis of inter-individual variability in tDCS effects is incompletely understood. It is recommended that future studies explicitly state in the Methods the exploratory (hypothesisgenerating) or hypothesis-driven (confirmatory) nature of the experimental designs. General research practices could be improved with prospective pre-registration of hypothesis-based investigations, more emphasis on detailed description of methods and use of post-publication open data repositories. A checklist is proposed for reporting tDCS investigations in a way that can improve efforts to assess reproducibility.

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Section: Motor Learningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of tDCS on motor learning and memory formation: A consensus and critical position paper

Buch

Santarnecchi

Antal

et al. 2017

Clinical Neurophysiology

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296

267

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“…Although consolidation of declarative, hippocampus-dependent memories of events and facts depends particularly on periods of SWS and on low cholinergic activity after learning (Marshall and Born, 2007;Gais and Born, 2004;Rasch et al, 2006), long-term acquisition of skills has been associated repeatedly with REM sleep after training , during which cholinergic tone regains wake-like levels. Numerous animal studies have shown that REM sleep is enhanced after learning of complex procedural tasks, and deprivation of REM sleep, by selective awakenings during certain time windows after learning, impairs subsequent task performance (see Smith, 1995;Peigneux et al, 2001, for a review).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impaired Off-Line Consolidation of Motor Memories After Combined Blockade of Cholinergic Receptors During REM Sleep-Rich Sleep

Rasch

Gais

Born

2009

Neuropsychopharmacol

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Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep has been considered important for the consolidation of memories, particularly of procedural skills. REM sleep, in contrast to slow-wave sleep (SWS), is hallmarked by the high, wake-like activity of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine (ACh), which promotes certain synaptic plastic processes underlying the formation of memories. Here, we show in healthy young men that off-line consolidation of a motor skill during a period of late sleep with high amounts of REM sleep depends essentially on high cholinergic activity. After a 3-h sleep period during the early night to satisfy the need for SWS, subjects learned a procedural finger sequence tapping task and a declarative word-pair learning task. After learning, they received either placebo or a combination of the muscarinic receptor antagonist scopolamine (4 mg/kg bodyweight, intravenously) and the nicotinic receptor antagonist mecamylamine (5 mg, orally), and then slept for another 3 h, ie, the late nocturnal sleep period, which is dominated by REM sleep. Retrieval was tested the following evening. Combined cholinergic receptor blockade significantly impaired motor skill consolidation, whereas word-pair memory remained unaffected. Additional data show that the impairing effect of cholinergic receptor blockade is specific to sleepdependent consolidation of motor skill and does not occur during a wake-retention interval. Taken together, these results identify high cholinergic activity during late, REM sleep-rich sleep as an essential factor promoting sleep-dependent consolidation of motor skills.

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“…Performance on newly learned material is improved following sleep, even in the absence of further practice (Karni et al 1994;Marshall and Born 2007;Robertson et al 2004). The experience of forming new episodic or procedural memories often induces electroencephalography (EEG) changes during sleep on the following night (De Koninck et al 1989;Gais et al 2002;Huber et al 2004;Massimini et al 2009).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Morning-evening variation in human brain metabolism and memory circuits

Shannon

Dosenbach

et al. 2013

Journal of Neurophysiology

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Prior LJ, Nolan TS, Snyder AZ, Raichle ME. Morning-evening variation in human brain metabolism and memory circuits. J Neurophysiol 109: 1444 -1456, 2013. First published November 28, 2012 doi:10.1152/jn.00651.2012.-It has been posited that a critical function of sleep is synaptic renormalization following a net increase in synaptic strength during wake. We hypothesized that wake would alter the resting-state functional organization of the brain and increase its metabolic cost. To test these hypotheses, two experiments were performed. In one, we obtained morning and evening resting-state functional MRI scans to assess changes in functional brain organization. In the second experiment, we obtained quantitative positron emission tomography measures of glucose and oxygen consumption to assess the cost of wake. We found selective changes in brain organization. Most prominently, bilateral medial temporal regions were locally connected in the morning but in the evening exhibited strong correlations with frontal and parietal brain regions involved in memory retrieval. We speculate that these changes may reflect aspects of memory consolidation recurring on a daily basis. Surprisingly, these changes in brain organization occurred without increases in brain metabolism.

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The contribution of sleep to hippocampus-dependent memory consolidation

Cited by 579 publications

References 73 publications

Effects of tDCS on motor learning and memory formation: A consensus and critical position paper

Effects of tDCS on motor learning and memory formation: A consensus and critical position paper

Impaired Off-Line Consolidation of Motor Memories After Combined Blockade of Cholinergic Receptors During REM Sleep-Rich Sleep

Morning-evening variation in human brain metabolism and memory circuits

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