The contribution of retained martensite to the high yield strength and sustainable strain hardening of a hierarchical metastable austenitic stainless steel

Guo, Yanhui; Zhang, Songsong; Fu, Bin; Wang, Zemin; Pang, Linghuan; Wei, Liqun; Liu, Yu; Ding, Yi

doi:10.1016/j.msea.2023.144681

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…The development of such heterogeneous microstructures can likely be ascribed to the nonuniform DIM that forms during the cold‐rolling process. [ 21 ] The grain size of reversed austenite has been reported to be a function of the temperature–time annealing sequence. Sun et al [ 23 ] observed that an NGed/ultrafine‐grained austenite structure with an average grain size of ≈200 nm can be achieved after annealing at 650 °C for 30 min.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on the previous results in ref. [21], this was followed by annealing treatments at 650 °C for varying time: 20, 50, 80, and 110 min, designated as "CR-20", "CR-50", "CR-80", and "CR-110", respectively. Following the annealing process, the samples were cooled down in air until they reached ambient temperature.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[ 20 ] However, recent research indicates that the TRIP effect can also be observed in UFGs of hierarchical structured steels. [ 21 ] It is reported in ref. [22] that the martensitic transformation is enhanced with decreasing grain size from 18 to 0.5 μm.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Achieving Excellent Strength–Ductility Synergy by Tailoring the Grain Size Distribution in a Metastable Austenitic Stainless Steel

Guo,

Liu,

et al. 2024

steel research int.

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Ultrafine/fine‐grained austenitic stainless steel (ASS) is prepared through severe cold rolling (CR) and subsequent annealing. The microstructure evolution and tensile deformation behavior is investigated, focusing on the influence of grain size distribution on the mechanical properties and strain‐hardening behavior of the ASS. In the results, it is revealed that obvious ultrafine/fine‐grained hierarchical microstructure forms after annealing at 650 °C for 80 and 110 min, respectively. And, the CR‐80 sample with more ultrafine grains (UFGs) (86%) exhibits good combination of strength and ductility. The yield strength (YS), ultimate tensile strength, and total elongation are 954 MPa, 1030 MPa, and 43.4%, respectively. The high YS mainly originates from the retained martensite and grain refinement strengthening, while the ductility enhancement can be attributed to the postponed transformation‐induced plasticity (TRIP) effect, which is a consequence of the significant number fraction of UFGs in the hierarchical microstructure. In this study, a new strategy is provided to solve the strength–ductility tradeoff in TRIP‐assisted metallic materials by tailoring the grain size distribution.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Achieving Excellent Strength–Ductility Synergy by Tailoring the Grain Size Distribution in a Metastable Austenitic Stainless Steel

Guo,

Liu,

et al. 2024

steel research int.

Self Cite

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“…To maximize the mechanical properties of austenitic stainless steels at cryogenic temperatures, research on different aspects has been carried out, including retained austenitic stability [8,9], martensitic content [10][11][12], grain size of retained austenite and martensite [13,14] and temperatures and methods of strain [15,16]. The effect of cryogenic The stress-assisted phase transformation in austenitic stainless steels only occurs when the temperature is close to absolute zero, and the phase transformation is less.…”

Section: Effect Of Strain Conditions On Mechanical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Constitutive Models for the Strain Strengthening of Austenitic Stainless Steels at Cryogenic Temperatures with a Literature Review

He,

Wang,

2023

Metals

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Austenitic stainless steels are widely used in cryogenic pressure vessels, liquefied natural gas pipelines, and offshore transportation liquefied petroleum gas storage tanks due to their excellent mechanical properties at cryogenic temperatures. To meet the lightweight and economical requirements, pre-strain of austenitic stainless steels was conducted to improve the strength at cryogenic temperatures. The essence of being strengthened by strain (strain strengthening) and the phase-transformation mechanism of austenitic stainless steels at cryogenic temperatures are reviewed in this work. The mechanical properties and microstructure evolution of austenitic stainless steels under different temperatures, types, and strain rates are compared. The phase-transformation mechanism of austenitic stainless steels during strain at cryogenic temperatures and its influence on strength and microstructure evolution are summarized. The constitutive models of strain strengthening at cryogenic temperatures were set to calculate the volume fraction of strain-induced martensite and to predict the mechanical properties of austenitic stainless steels.

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“…An important structural effect occurring in steels with an austenitic structure Cr-Ni [13][14][15] and high-manganese steels [16][17][18] is the occurrence of a phase transformation during cold plastic deformation, called the TRIP (TRansformation Induced Plasticity) effect and mechanical twinning (called the TWIP effect) [19]. The deformation-induced martensitic transformation is influenced by many factors, such as: temperature, the degree and method of deformation, as well as the chemical composition, size and crystallographic orientation of the austenite grain [20,21]. The instability of austenite depends on the stacking fault energy (SFE), which is influenced by the chemical composition and temperature [22][23][24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Cold Deformation and Annealing on Texture Changes in Austenitic Stainless Steel

Kowalska,

Witkowska

2024

Adv. Sci. Technol. Res. J.

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Austenitic stainless steels are widely used in industry, from heavy industry and power generation to precision mechanics and electronics, accounting for about 2/3 of the stainless steels produced. The stability of austenite influences the properties and behaviour of these steels during deformation and annealing. This paper presents the results of research into austenitic metastable phase X5CrNi1810 steel, which was subjected to cold rolling (in the range of 5 to 80%) and then annealing (at temperatures of 500-900 °C). The research focused mainly on changes in crystallographic texture parameters occurring during the analysed processes. It was found that the observed development of the deformation texture is complex due to the fact that several processes take place simultaneously. Namely, the deformation of austenite, the transformation of austenite into martensite, and the deformation of the resulting martensite. The texture of the deformed austenite was similar to the texture of the alloy type {112}<110>. After 80% deformation, the Goss-type {110}<001> texture component showed the highest intensity. The lack of {112}<111> orientation in the texture was due to the fact that this orientation changes to the {112}<110> martensite orientation as a result of the γ → α' phase transition. Annealing of the deformed steel at 500 °C led to an increase in the degree of texturing (sharpening of the texture), which was related to the improvement of the texture in this temperature range. Above 600 °C, the degree of texturing decreased, which is directly related to the α' → γ reverse transformation and the subsequent recrystallization process. Magnetic studies indicate an increasing proportion of the magnetic phase α' (martensite) together with an increasing degree of deformation. For deformation of 80%, the amount of magnetic phase reached a value of more than 33%. After annealing at a temperature of 800 °C, there is no martensite in the structure, which indicates that, in these heat treatment conditions, the complete reverse transformation of martensite into austenite has already taken place.

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The contribution of retained martensite to the high yield strength and sustainable strain hardening of a hierarchical metastable austenitic stainless steel

Cited by 5 publications

References 53 publications

Achieving Excellent Strength–Ductility Synergy by Tailoring the Grain Size Distribution in a Metastable Austenitic Stainless Steel

Achieving Excellent Strength–Ductility Synergy by Tailoring the Grain Size Distribution in a Metastable Austenitic Stainless Steel

Constitutive Models for the Strain Strengthening of Austenitic Stainless Steels at Cryogenic Temperatures with a Literature Review

The Influence of Cold Deformation and Annealing on Texture Changes in Austenitic Stainless Steel

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