The Contribution of Reactive Oxygen Species in Sarcopenia and Muscle Aging

Fulle, Stefania; Fanò, Giorgio

doi:10.1007/978-88-470-0376-7_6

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The levels of antioxidative enzymes were increased in the PrG. This is in line with the study done by Fulle et al10 who noted a decrease in the antioxidative capacity of the main scavenger enzymes during exercise. However, protein carbonyl and lipid hydroperoxide did not show any significant changes in either intervention group.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Reactive oxygen species (ROS) could play a role in triggering sarcopenia, as reported by Fulle and Fano 10. The researchers noted that the senescence of skeletal muscle was characterized by a significant decrease in endogenous antioxidant mechanisms, with a consequent increase in oxidative damage, which was directly correlated with a functional deficit in the control of Ca 2+ homeostasis by myofibers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

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Effectiveness of exercise and protein supplementation intervention on body composition, functional fitness, and oxidative stress among elderly Malays with sarcopenia

Shahar¹,

Kamaruddin²,

Badrasawi³

et al. 2013

CIA

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Sarcopenia, characterized as muscle loss that occurs with aging, is a major health problem in an aging population, due to its implications on mobility, quality of life, and fall risk. Protein supplementation could improve the physical fitness by increasing protein anabolism, and exercise has a documented evidence of positive effect on functional status among the elderly. However, the combined effect of both protein supplementation and exercise has not been investigated among sarcopenic elderly in the Asian population. Thus, this study aimed to determine the effectiveness of exercise intervention and protein supplementation either alone or in combination for 12 weeks, on body composition, functional fitness, and oxidative stress among elderly Malays with sarcopenia. Sixty five sarcopenic elderly Malays aged 60–74 years were assigned to the control group, exercise group (ExG), protein supplementation group (PrG), or the combination of exercise and protein supplementation group. A significant interaction effect between body weight and body mass index (BMI) was observed, with the PrG (−2.1% body weight, −1.8% BMI) showing the highest reductions. Further, there was a decrease in % body fat (−4.5%) and an increase in fat-free mass (kg) (+5.7%) in the ExG after 12 weeks (P < 0.05). The highest increments in lower and upper body strength were observed in the PrG (73.2%) and ExG (47.6%), respectively. In addition, the ExG showed a reduction in superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels, and both interventions did not alter either lipid or protein oxidation. In conclusion, the exercise program was found to improve muscle strength and body composition, while protein supplementation reduced body weight and increased upper body strength, among sarcopenic elderly in Malaysia.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Effectiveness of exercise and protein supplementation intervention on body composition, functional fitness, and oxidative stress among elderly Malays with sarcopenia

Shahar¹,

Kamaruddin²,

Badrasawi³

et al. 2013

CIA

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“…Additionally, oxidative stress -also elevated in disused muscle (20)may play a role in age-related deterioration of intracellular organelles (contractile elements, sarcotubular membranes, mitochondria, etc.) and related cellular functions (21,22).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lifelong Physical Exercise Delays Age-Associated Skeletal Muscle Decline

Zampieri

Pietrangelo

Löefler

et al. 2014

The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and M

239

220

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Aging is usually accompanied by a significant reduction in muscle mass and force. To determine the relative contribution of inactivity and aging per se to this decay, we compared muscle function and structure in (a) male participants belonging to a group of well-trained seniors (average of 70 years) who exercised regularly in their previous 30 years and (b) age-matched healthy sedentary seniors with (c) active young men (average of 27 years). The results collected show that relative to their sedentary cohorts, muscle from senior sportsmen have: (a) greater maximal isometric force and function, (b) better preserved fiber morphology and ultrastructure of intracellular organelles involved in Ca(2+) handling and ATP production, (c) preserved muscle fibers size resulting from fiber rescue by reinnervation, and (d) lowered expression of genes related to autophagy and reactive oxygen species detoxification. All together, our results indicate that: (a) skeletal muscle of senior sportsmen is actually more similar to that of adults than to that of age-matched sedentaries and (b) signaling pathways controlling muscle mass and metabolism are differently modulated in senior sportsmen to guarantee maintenance of skeletal muscle structure, function, bioenergetic characteristics, and phenotype. Thus, regular physical activity is a good strategy to attenuate age-related general decay of muscle structure and function (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01679977).

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“…Sarcopenia is thought to be the result of both intrinsic and extrinsic factors: the first ones involve changes at the molecular and cellular levels, the second ones are environmental factors such as physical activity and nutrition. Muscle loss in sarcopenia has to be understood as a multifactorial process, mainly due to: a reduction in the number of motor units coupled with an increase in the size of each motor unit, loss of muscle fibers due to progressive denervation, decreased synthesis of myofibrillar components, and accumulation of connective and fat tissues [30] (Fig. 1).…”

Section: Sarcopenia As An Age-related Morpho-functional Impairmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular and Cellular Aspects of Sarcopenia, Muscle Healthy Aging and Physical Conditioning in the Elderly

Filippo

Bondi

Pietrangelo

et al. 2020

J. of SCI. IN SPORT AND EXERCISE

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During aging, the skeletal muscle tissue is one of the most affected, undergoing loss of mass and function, a process defined as sarcopenia. This age-related muscle mass and function decline, dependent on many factors, predispose individuals to decreased mobility, reduced muscle power and increased risk of falls. Several factors at the cellular and molecular level affect muscle aging, synergizing with each other. At present, it is broadly accepted that Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) play a primary role in the aging process, especially in those tissues like skeletal muscle, where the generation of free radicals is more pronounced as a consequence of the high consumption of oxygen. Recently, several studies have highlighted the involvement of muscle stem cells (satellite cells, SCs) in the progression of sarcopenia, showing a concomitant regression of activity and number of these cells. At a sub-cellular level, the main processes correlated with sarcopenia are the alteration of protein synthesis and mitochondrial dysfunction. Attempts to slow down or revert sarcopenia are essentially based on three approaches: use of supplements, pharmaceutical therapies and physical activity. In brief, it seems that appropriate physical exercise training protocols could be capable of slowing down and sometimes reversing the sarcopenic process. This finding is the consequence of a beneficial action of physical exercise on mitochondria and/or on the regenerative process led by SCs with different effects on the basis of training characteristics. Furthermore, according to a recent hypothesis, early strength training should be considered as public health advice.

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The Contribution of Reactive Oxygen Species in Sarcopenia and Muscle Aging

Cited by 4 publications

References 25 publications

Effectiveness of exercise and protein supplementation intervention on body composition, functional fitness, and oxidative stress among elderly Malays with sarcopenia

Effectiveness of exercise and protein supplementation intervention on body composition, functional fitness, and oxidative stress among elderly Malays with sarcopenia

Lifelong Physical Exercise Delays Age-Associated Skeletal Muscle Decline

Molecular and Cellular Aspects of Sarcopenia, Muscle Healthy Aging and Physical Conditioning in the Elderly

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