The contribution of passive moments to inter-segmental moments during gait: a systematic review

Koussou, Axel; Dumas, Raphaël; Desailly, Éric

doi:10.1016/j.gaitpost.2020.07.134

Cited by 1 publication

(6 citation statements)

References 55 publications

(153 reference statements)

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“…Ligaments behave like elastic springs. 22 When extended, a force counteracting the extending force is generated within the spring, and potential energy is stored within the spring. Upon release or when the extending force is decreased, the potential energy is released as well.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, the ligaments not only are stabilizers but also serve as energy storage systems. 22 The inferior IFL and iliopsoas share the same moment arm around the femoral head. Hence, the hypothesis was that if the inferior IFL is included in a musculoskeletal model, less work is required from the hip flexors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, the elastic deformation of passive structures, such as skin, ligaments, tendons, and joint capsules, may store and return energy during gait in order to accelerate the body segments. 22 …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 22 At the hip, the passive structures store energy at extension and subsequently deliver 20% to 50% of the moment before and during the initial swing. 22 , 34 , 39 The theory of passive energy storage for minimizing the energetic cost of locomotion is well known in the growing research domain of assistive devices and exoskeletons. 8 , 9 Recent work investigating passive energy storage by external springlike orthoses has observed up to a 23% reduction in the participants’ contribution to hip power.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…22 Koussou et al 22 presented a review on the contribution of passive moments to intersegmental moments during gait and reported that passive mechanisms contribute substantially to the normal human gait and that passive structures, acting as elastic springs, help reduce the energy cost of gait. 22 At the hip, the passive structures store energy at extension and subsequently deliver 20% to 50% of the moment before and during the initial swing. 22,34,39 The theory of passive energy storage for minimizing the energetic cost of locomotion is well known in the growing research domain of assistive devices and exoskeletons.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Handle With Care: The Anterior Hip Capsule Plays a Key Role in Daily Hip Performance

Duquesne

Pattyn

Vanderstraeten

et al. 2022

Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine

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Background: Passive energy storage and return has long been recognized as one of the central mechanisms for minimizing the energy cost needed for terrestrial locomotion. Although the iliofemoral ligament (IFL) is the strongest ligament in the body, its potential role in energy-efficient walking remains unexplored. Purpose: To identify the contribution of the IFL to the amount of work performed by the hip muscles for normal, straight-level walking. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: Straight-level walking of 50 healthy and injury-free adults was simulated using the AnyBody Modeling System. For each participant, the bone morphology and soft tissue properties were nonuniformly scaled. The superior and inferior parts of the IFL were represented by 2 springs each, and a linear force-strain relation was defined. A parameter study was conducted to account for the uncertainty surrounding the mechanical properties of the IFL. The work required from the gluteus, quadriceps, iliopsoas, and sartorius with and without inclusion of the IFL was calculated. Analysis of variance with subsequent post hoc paired t test was used to test the significance of IFL presence on the required mechanical work. Results: During walking, the strain in the IFL reached a median of 18.7% (95% CI, 8.0%-26.5%), with the largest values obtained at toe-off. With the IFL undamaged and fully operational, the effort required by the hip flexor muscles was reduced by a median of 54% (99% CI, 45%-62%) for the iliopsoas and by a median of 41% (99% CI, 27%-54%) for the sartorius muscles. The inclusion of the IFL did not significantly alter the work required by the gluteus and the quadriceps. Conclusion: The findings emphasized the key role the IFL plays in hip flexion by working synergistically with the hip musculature. Clinical Relevance: The importance of the contribution of the IFL to the hip flexors warrants careful handling and repair of these ligaments in cases of surgery and structural damage.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%