The Contribution of Microelectrodes to Electroanalytical Chemistry: From Reaction Mechanisms and Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy to Ocean Sensors

Denuault, Guy

doi:10.1002/ijch.201000041

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 88 publications

(94 reference statements)

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“…Platinum electrodes with high surface areas and welldefined periodic nanostructures have recently received increasing interest, because of their potential applications in electrocatalysis and electroanalysis [14,16,19,20,21,[25][26][27][28][29][30][31]. These electrode systems can be prepared by templating techniques from lyotropic liquid crystalline phases of non-ionic surfactants [32][33][34][35].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bismuth‐Coated Mesoporous Platinum Microelectrodes as Sensors for Formic Acid Detection

2011

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Mesoporous platinum microeletrodes (MPtEs) modified by sub-monolayers of irreversibly adsorbed bismuth (BiMPtE) were investigated for their potential use as sensors for the detection of formic acid in direct formic acid fuel cells. The mesoporous platinum films were prepared by electrodeposition of platinum on Pt microdisks substrates 25 mm diameter, from hexachloroplatinic acid dissolved in the aqueous domain of the lyotropic liquid crystalline phase of octaethylene glycol monohexadecyl ether. The roughness factor (RF) of the MPtEs was about two orders of magnitude greater than those of the corresponding polished microelectrodes. Bismuth ad-atoms onto the platinum surface were deposited by under potential deposition from 1 mM Bi 3 + ions in 0.5 M H 2 SO 4 solutions. The catalytic activity of a series of Bi-MPtEs, characterized by different roughness and fractional bismuth coverage (q Bi ), towards the oxidation of HCOOH, was investigated by cyclic voltammetry and potential step experiments. Compared to MPtEs, Bi-MPtEs displayed enhanced electrooxidation currents at lower potentials. The stability of irreversibly adsorbed bismuth, and consequently the Bi-MPtEs catalytic activity, was found to depend on the high potential limit employed in the measurements. In general, both electrode stability and electrocatalytic performance were good, provided that the operational potential was kept 0.4 V vs. Ag/AgCl. Bi-MPtEs with q Bi > 0.3 provided almost sigmoidal shaped waves with low hysteresis, as those expected for microelectrodes working under steady state. The effect of concentration of HCOOH was investigated over the range 0.01-5 M, and linearity between current and concentration depended on both roughness factor and bismuth coverage. A Bi-MPtE characterised by RF = 210 and q Bi ! 0.6 provided linearity up to 2 M of formic acid. Reproducibility of the sensors was within 2 % (RSD). The same sensor, under the optimized experimental conditions, could be employed for at least two months with negligible loss of the initial performance.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bismuth‐Coated Mesoporous Platinum Microelectrodes as Sensors for Formic Acid Detection

2011

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“…In the future, the timing of pulses and conditions for the electroanalytical experiment will be optimised to allow more linear correlation of photocurrent to oxygen levels. More work will be required also on interfering species and effects of pressure (water depth) on the analytical response [34]. A key benefit of the photoelectroanalytical approach is that measurements are possible at constant potential without any further electronic components to step or change the applied potential.…”

Section: Photoreduction Of Oxygen In a Pt@titanate/pim-1 Film Iv: Oxmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photoelectroanalytical Oxygen Detection with Titanate Nanosheet – Platinum Hybrids Immobilised into a Polymer of Intrinsic Microporosity (PIM‐1)

et al. 2020

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The polymer of intrinsic microporosity PIM-1 is employed to disperse and deposit a Pt@titanate nanosheet photocatalyst film. The resulting microporous films allow electrolyte and oxygen permeation to give conventional oxygen reduction voltammetric responses on glassy carbon or on platinum disk electrodes in the dark. Preliminary data are presented showing that with pulsed light from a blue LED (385 nm) oxygen reduction at the electrode is effectively "switched off". A mechanism is tentatively assigned as photocatalytic depletion of oxygen near the electrode. Photoelectrochemical current responses are observed in aqueous NaOH, NaCl, Na 2 HPO 4 and shown to be light intensity and oxygen concentration dependent. Electroanalytical applications are suggested.

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“…Nanostructured microelectrodes with high surface areas and desirable nanopatterns are of high interest due to their potential applications in electrocatalysis, neuroscience, electroanalysis, sensors, micro‐to‐nano fabrication, mapping and microscopy , . Efforts have been made to tune the nanostructures of the electrodes and demonstrate their improved performances . Recently, there have been a few reports on unique phenomena that did not originate from enlarged surface area but from the geometric features on the nano‐scales .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanostructured Platinum‐iridium Alloy Microelectrode for Ammonia Determination

Jiang

Zhang

2017

Electroanalysis

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Nanostructured platinum‐iridium alloy microelectrode with high surface area was successfully prepared by applying successive potential cycles to a conventional PtIr microdisc in ionic liquid electrolyte containing ZnCl2 at elevated temperature. Scanning‐electron microscope studies show that a very thin nanostructured film was created on the electrode upon 20 potential cycles between −2.0 and 0.75 V versus a Ag pseudo‐reference electrode. The film nanostructures are characteristic of regular hill‐like nano‐spacings separated by valley‐like nano‐cracks, and a roughness factor of approximately 40. The nanostructured electrode is highly active towards electrochemical oxidation of ammonia, and generates a linear relation between voltammetric peak currents (or chronoamperometric currents), and logarithm of ammonia concentration in a range of approximately 1 ppm to 10000 ppm. It has been proposed that the Temkin adsorption of ammonia from the bulk solution onto the electrode surfaces was involved in its electrochemical oxidation and could be responsible for the linear current‐logarithmic concentration relation.

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The Contribution of Microelectrodes to Electroanalytical Chemistry: From Reaction Mechanisms and Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy to Ocean Sensors

Cited by 10 publications

References 88 publications

Bismuth‐Coated Mesoporous Platinum Microelectrodes as Sensors for Formic Acid Detection

Bismuth‐Coated Mesoporous Platinum Microelectrodes as Sensors for Formic Acid Detection

Photoelectroanalytical Oxygen Detection with Titanate Nanosheet – Platinum Hybrids Immobilised into a Polymer of Intrinsic Microporosity (PIM‐1)

Nanostructured Platinum‐iridium Alloy Microelectrode for Ammonia Determination

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