The contribution of interpersonal appraisals to a social-cognitive analysis of adolescents' doping use

Zelli, Arnaldo; Mallia, Luca; Lucidi, Fabio

doi:10.1016/j.psychsport.2010.02.008

Cited by 71 publications

(87 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…First, controlled motivation was positively related to doping intentions through moral disengagement, while autonomous motivation was negatively linked to doping intentions through moral disengagement. These findings are consistent with previous studies [7,14,15] that have reported that contexts supporting controlled motivation are associated with attitudes about antisocial behaviors and drug-taking susceptibility or doping intentions through moral disengagement processes. More generally, this relationship is consistent with self-determination theory [25] and the findings of previous studies that have clearly established the maladaptive set of responses of controlled motivation in sport [42,43].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Scenarios have been used in previous doping research [13,35] because they do not require athletes to reveal their true behavior and can refer to various doping situations [16]. We based our approach on both the series of scenarios developed by Zelli et al [15] and the items used to measure doping intentions in past research [3,36]. The participating adolescents and young adults read five hypothetical scenarios concerning doping intentions.…”

Section: Doping Intentionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…More recently, Bandura's [8] six mechanisms of moral disengagement have been applied to the sports doping context [13]. The positive relations between moral disengagement mechanisms and doping intentions have been consistently reported in both correlational research [13][14][15][16][17] and qualitative investigations [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Self-Regulatory Mechanisms of Doping Intentions in Elite Athletes: The Role of Self-Determined Motivation in Sport

Corrion¹,

Scoffier-Mériaux²,

Longueville³

2017

J Sports Med Dop Stud

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Objective: Although research on the personal and psychosocial predictors of doping has been extensive, the factors related to the socio-cognitive self-regulatory mechanisms of doping remain unexplored. The aim of this study was to test an integrated multi-theory model examining the role of self-determined motivation in sport in the selfregulatory mechanisms of doping intentions in elite athletes. Methods:A cross-sectional survey was employed. Two hundred and sixty-four elite athletes completed a survey that included measures of self-determination (autonomous vs. controlled), affective self-regulatory efficacy, resistive self-regulatory efficacy, moral disengagement, and doping intentions.Results: Structural equation modeling showed that the model predicted 47.3% of the variance in doping intentions and indicated that both autonomous and controlled motivations were indirectly associated with doping intentions through the mediating role of affective self-regulatory efficacy, resistive self-regulatory efficacy, and moral disengagement. Conclusion:Self-determination theory provides insight into how motivation in sport influences athletes' doping intentions through its impact on socio-cognitive self-regulatory mechanisms.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Doping Intentionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Self-Regulatory Mechanisms of Doping Intentions in Elite Athletes: The Role of Self-Determined Motivation in Sport

Corrion¹,

Scoffier-Mériaux²,

Longueville³

2017

J Sports Med Dop Stud

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“…These studies have involved a variety of populations including elite athletes [16], gym users [18], and adolescents [17,19]; suggesting generalizability of findings across different samples and settings. Alongside the core TPB variables, researchers have also used constructs outside the TPB framework to predict doping intentions and behaviors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Personal and Psychosocial Predictors of Doping Use in Physical Activity Settings: A Meta-Analysis

et al. 2014

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Key points-A meta-analysis including 63 independent datasets was conducted.-Use of legal supplements, perceived social norms, and positive attitudes towards doping were strong positive correlates of doping intentions and behaviors.-Morality and self-efficacy to refrain from doping were negatively associated with doping intentions and behaviors. AbstractBackground: There is a growing body of empirical evidence on demographic and psychosocial predictors of doping intentions and behaviors utilizing a variety of variables and conceptual models. However, to date there has been no attempt to quantitatively synthesize the available evidence and identify the strongest predictors of doping. Objectives:Using meta-analysis, we aimed to (i) determine effect sizes of psychological (e.g., attitudes), social-contextual factors (e.g., social norms), and demographic (e.g., sex and age) variables on doping intentions and use, (ii) examine variables which moderate such effect sizes, and (iii) test a path analysis model, using the meta-analyzed effect sizes, based on variables from the Theory of Planned Behavior.Data sources: Articles were identified from online databases, by contacting experts in the field, and searching the World Anti-Doping Agency website.Study eligibility criteria and participants: Studies that measured doping behaviors and/or doping intentions, and at least one other demographic, psychological, or social-contextual variable were included. We identified 63 independent datasets. Study appraisal and synthesis method: Study information was extracted by using predefined data fields and taking into account study quality indicators. A random effects meta-analysis was carried out, correcting for sampling and measurement error, and Running head: PERSONAL AND PSYCHOSOCIAL PREDICTORS OF DOPING 2 identifying moderator variables. Path analysis was conducted on a sub-set of studies that utilized the Theory of Planned Behavior.Results: Use of legal supplements, perceived social norms, and positive attitudes towards doping were the strongest positive correlates of doping intentions and behaviors. In contrast, morality and self-efficacy to refrain from doping had the strongest negative association with doping intentions and behaviors. Furthermore, path analysis suggested that attitudes, perceived norms, and self-efficacy to refrain from doping predicted intentions to dope, and indirectly, doping behaviors. Limitations:Various meta-analyzed effect sizes were based on a small number of studies, which were correlational in nature. This is a limitation of the extant literature. Conclusions:This review identifies a number of important correlates of doping intention and behavior, many of which were measured via self-reports and were drawn from an extended theory of planned behavior framework. Future research might benefit from embracing other conceptual models of doping behavior and adopting experimental methodologies that will test some of the identified correlates in an effort to develop targeted anti-doping policies and programs.

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“…Thus, the possibility that the score from a questionnaire cannot be correctly interpreted independently from the theoretical framework at the basis of its development is given. Furthermore, the complexity of the relations between social cognitive constructs related to doping acquires meaning if one considers the possibility that these relations might be embedded, generated and developed within a system of specific social and interpersonal contexts and situations (Hauw, 2013;Zelli, Mallia, & Lucidi, 2010). The understanding of this complexity might not be well served if adopting a dichotomous perspective by which athletes are categorized as non-substance users or as users, purely and thus inappropriately on the basis of their scores on psychometric measures.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A call for policy guidance on psychometric testing in doping control in sport

Petróczi¹,

Backhouse²,

Barkoukis³

et al. 2015

International Journal of Drug Policy

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One of the fundamental challenges in anti-doping is identifying athletes who use, or are at risk of using, prohibited performance enhancing substances. The growing trend to employ a forensic approach to doping control aims to integrate information from social sciences (e.g., psychology of doping) into organised intelligence to protect clean sport. Beyond the foreseeable consequences of a positive identification as a doping user, this task is further complicated by the discrepancy between what constitutes a doping offence in the World Anti-Doping Code and operationalized in doping research. Whilst psychology plays an important role in developing our understanding of doping behaviour in order to inform intervention and prevention, its contribution to the array of doping diagnostic tools is still in its infancy. In both research and forensic settings, we must acknowledge that (1) socially desirable responding confounds self-reported psychometric test results and (2) that the cognitive complexity surrounding test performance means that the response–time based measures and the lie detector tests for revealing concealed life-events (e.g., doping use) are prone to produce false or non-interpretable outcomes in field settings. Differences in social-cognitive characteristics of doping behaviour that are tested at group level (doping users vs. non-users) cannot be extrapolated to individuals; nor these psychometric measures used for individual diagnostics. In this paper, we present a position statement calling for policy guidance on appropriate use of psychometric assessments in the pursuit of clean sport. We argue that, to date, both self-reported and response-time based psychometric tests for doping have been designed,tested and validated to explore how athletes feel and think about doping in order to develop a better understanding of doping behaviour, not to establish evidence for doping. A false ‘positive’ psychological profile for doping affects not only the individual ‘clean’ athlete but also their entourage, their organisation and sport itself. The proposed policy guidance aims to protect the global athletic community against social, ethical and legal consequences from potential misuse of psychological tests, including erroneous or incompetent applications as forensic diagnostic tools in both practice and research

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The contribution of interpersonal appraisals to a social-cognitive analysis of adolescents' doping use

Cited by 71 publications

References 31 publications

Self-Regulatory Mechanisms of Doping Intentions in Elite Athletes: The Role of Self-Determined Motivation in Sport

Self-Regulatory Mechanisms of Doping Intentions in Elite Athletes: The Role of Self-Determined Motivation in Sport

Personal and Psychosocial Predictors of Doping Use in Physical Activity Settings: A Meta-Analysis

A call for policy guidance on psychometric testing in doping control in sport

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