The contribution of heavy metals in cigarette smoke condensate to malignant transformation of breast epithelial cells and in vivo initiation of neoplasia through induction of a PI3K–AKT–NFκB cascade

Resveratrol and curcumin synergistically induces apoptosis in cigarette smoke condensate transformed breast epithelial cells through a p21Waf1/Cip1 mediated inhibition of Hh-Gli signaling

“…However, the unavailability of proper in vitro model system was hindering the studies related to cigarette smoke induced breast cancers. Recently, we have established a novel cigarette smoke condensate (CSC) induced-transformed breast epithelial cell line (MCF-10A-Tr) (Mohapatra et al, 2014a) that could be useful in various investigations related to anticancer research. Further in a related study, we have demonstrated that resveratrol (Res) causes apoptosis in MCF-10A-Tr cells through inhibition of LP-BER activity by p21 Waf/Cip1 dependent manner (Mohapatra et al, 2014b).…”

NECTIN-4 increased the 5-FU resistance in colon cancer cells by inducing the PI3K–AKT cascade

“…After treatment, cells were harvested and lysates were prepared using RIPA lysis buffer. Proteins were separated by 10 % SDS-PAGE and then transferred onto PVDF membranes, which were subsequently probed with specific antibodies according to the manufacturer's instructions [13][14][15][16][17][18].…”

“…5-FU-R and 5-FU-R + siRNA NECTIN-4 cells were cultured in 60 mm tissue culture disks until they reached 60-70 % confluency. They were treated with 5-FU, and the experiment was carried out according to the procedure described earlier [13,14]. DNA content of the 10,000 cells/sample at various phases of the cell cycle was determined by using FACSDiva Software (Becton and Dickinson, CA, USA).…”

“…It has also been detected in the serum of patients suffering from non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and its expression correlated with poor survival in the patients with NSCLC [7]. Recently, we have shown that NECTIN-4 increased lamellipodia formation and invasive potential in cigarette smoke-induced breast cancer cell line, MCF-10A-Tr [13]. It is also reported that short interfering RNAs directed against NECTIN-4 suppressed cell growth, indicating that the protein plays a major role in cell survival and proliferation during cancer formation and aggression [7].…”

Adverse Health Effects of Tobacco and Role of Ayurveda in their Reduction

“…This worsens the effects of chemicals like benzo(a)pyrene that damage DNA and makes it even more likely that damaged cells will eventually turn cancerous. Various in vitro, in vivo and case studies have suggested that heavy metals present in cigarettes of Indian origin may induces intracellular ROS accumulation and increased expression of PI3K, AKT, NFκB, c-Myc which ultimately lead to unusual cell division or cancer (Mohapatra et al, 2014).…”