The Contribution of Genomics to the Study of Q Fever

D'Amato, Felicetta; Eldin, Carole; Raoult, Didier

doi:10.2217/fmb.15.137

Cited by 15 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 165 publications

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“…In both papers, MLVA genotyping revealed further discrimination of the MST types in two or three other subtypes [14,15]. The observation of region-specific genotypes is reported in the literature [16,[18][19][20], and the presence of novel genotypes in Brazil and Argentina reinforces this cartographic feature of the genetic diversity based on MST typing of Q fever.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

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New Genotypes of Coxiella burnetii Circulating in Brazil and Argentina

et al. 2019

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Coxiella burnetii, the zoonotic agent of Q fever, has a worldwide distribution. Despite the vast information about the circulating genotypes in Europe and North America, there is a lack of data regarding C. burnetii strains in South America. Here, we show the presence of novel multispacer sequence typing (MST) genotypes of C. burnetii in two clusters detected in Brazil and Argentina that seem to be distant in parenthood. Argentinian strains isolated from a tick belongs to a new phylogenetic branch of C. burnetii, and the Brazilians strains may be related to MST 20 and 61. Multilocus variable number tandem repeats analysis (MLVA) typing provided a deeper resolution that may be related to host clusters of bovines, caprine, ovine, and ticks. Our results corroborate with the reports of geotypes of C. burnetii. Thus, we highlight the need for more genotyping studies to understand the genetic diversity of C. burnetii in South America and to confirm the hypothesis of host-related genotypes. We also emphasize the importance of virulence studies for a better understanding of Q fever in the region, which may help in surveillance and disease prevention programs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…Both, MST20 and MST61 were isolated from ruminants [14,15]. MST 20 has a widespread distribution in the United States, being the most common MST type in the country, and also has been detected across Europe and Ethiopia [16,17]. MST 61 was isolated from an abortion case in Poland [14].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Genotypes of Coxiella burnetii Circulating in Brazil and Argentina

et al. 2019

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“…With regard to a zoonosis like Q fever, it is of tremendous importance, helping to find the animal source of human outbreaks. In initial studies, 16S rRNA sequencing, 16S-23S rRNA sequencing, RNA polymerase ␤-subunit (rpoB) sequencing, and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequencing were used as epidemiological markers but showed insufficient discriminant power for C. burnetii genotyping (165). Then, restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis and PCR-RFLP targeting several genes were developed, but these methods could not be used on a routine basis (165).…”

Section: Comparative Genomics and Pangenomic Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In initial studies, 16S rRNA sequencing, 16S-23S rRNA sequencing, RNA polymerase ␤-subunit (rpoB) sequencing, and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequencing were used as epidemiological markers but showed insufficient discriminant power for C. burnetii genotyping (165). Then, restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis and PCR-RFLP targeting several genes were developed, but these methods could not be used on a routine basis (165). Comparative genomic hybridization (CGH), thanks to whole-genome microarray techniques, was performed when genome sequences became available.…”

Section: Comparative Genomics and Pangenomic Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

From Q Fever to Coxiella burnetii Infection: a Paradigm Change

et al. 2017

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Coxiella burnetii is the agent of Q fever, or "query fever," a zoonosis first described in Australia in 1937. Since this first description, knowledge about this pathogen and its associated infections has increased dramatically. We review here all the progress made over the last 20 years on this topic. C. burnetii is classically a strict intracellular, Gram-negative bacterium. However, a major step in the characterization of this pathogen was achieved by the establishment of its axenic culture. C. burnetii infects a wide range of animals, from arthropods to humans. The genetic determinants of virulence are now better known, thanks to the achievement of determining the genome sequences of several strains of this species and comparative genomic analyses. Q fever can be found worldwide, but the epidemiological features of this disease vary according to the geographic area considered, including situations where it is endemic or hyperendemic, and the occurrence of large epidemic outbreaks. In recent years, a major breakthrough in the understanding of the natural history of human infection with C. burnetii was the breaking of the old dichotomy between "acute" and "chronic" Q fever. The clinical presentation of C. burnetii infection depends on both the virulence of the infecting C. burnetii strain and specific risks factors in the infected patient. Moreover, no persistent infection can exist without a focus of infection. This paradigm change should allow better diagnosis and management of primary infection and long-term complications in patients with C. burnetii infection.

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“…The acute form commonly ranges from a self‐limiting flu‐like syndrome to pneumonia or granulomatous hepatitis that may require hospitalization (Maurin & Raoult, ; OIE, ). The manifestation of the chronic form can vary from endocarditis and vascular infections to osteoarticular infections or persistent lymphadenitis (D'Amato, Eldin, & Raoult, ). The pathogen is mainly transmitted through aerosol, but transmission through the oral route has been described as well (Claeys et al, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Real‐time quantitative PCR‐based detection of Coxiella burnetii in unpasteurized cow's milk sold for human consumption

Ribeiro

Peres

Teixeira

et al. 2019

Zoonoses and Public Health

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Coxiella burnetii is a zoonotic pathogen with a worldwide distribution that is responsible for Q fever in humans. It is a highly infectious bacterium that can be transmitted from cattle to humans through the consumption of unpasteurized milk. We report the molecular identification of C. burnetii in raw cow's milk being sold directly for human consumption in Brazil without official inspection or pasteurization. One hundred and twelve samples of raw milk were analysed by real‐time quantitative PCR (qPCR), and C. burnetii was detected in 3.57% (4/112) of the samples at a concentration ranging from 125 to 404 bacteria per millilitre. The identification of this zoonotic pathogen in raw milk sold directly for human consumption is a public health concern since C. burnetii can be transmitted through the oral route. This result indicates that health education and other preventive measures should be officially implemented in Brazil to prevent the spread of infection. To our knowledge, this is the first qPCR‐based detection of C. burnetii in raw milk samples from cows sold in Brazil that do not undergo official inspection or pasteurization.

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The Contribution of Genomics to the Study of Q Fever

Cited by 15 publications

References 165 publications

New Genotypes of Coxiella burnetii Circulating in Brazil and Argentina

New Genotypes of Coxiella burnetii Circulating in Brazil and Argentina

From Q Fever to Coxiella burnetii Infection: a Paradigm Change

Real‐time quantitative PCR‐based detection of Coxiella burnetii in unpasteurized cow's milk sold for human consumption

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