The contribution of beneath‐snow soil respiration to total ecosystem respiration in a high‐elevation, subalpine forest

Monson, Russell K.; Burns, Sean P.; Williams, Mark W.; Delany, A. C.; Weintraub, Michael N.; Lipson, David A.

doi:10.1029/2005gb002684

Cited by 94 publications

(105 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…3), which is consistent with a growing body of evidence that respiration continues beneath snow (Sommerfeld et al, 1993;Zimov et al, 1996;Jones et al, 1999;Mariko et al, 2000;McDowell et al, 2000;Grogan et al, 2001;Grogan and Jonasson, 2005;Mo et al, 2005;Monson et al, 2006aMonson et al, , 2006bLarsen et al, 2007;Liptzin et al, 2009). Measured rates of ecosystem respiration under snow were between 0.2 and 0.9 mmol CO 2 m 22 s…”

Section: Ecosystem Respiration Beneath Snowsupporting

confidence: 66%

“…, which spans most of the previously reported range for soil respiration under snow (Jones et al, 1999;McDowell et al, 2000;Hubbard et al, 2005;Monson et al, 2006a;Liptzin et al, 2009).…”

mentioning

confidence: 97%

“…From measurements in ecosystems with colder and longer winters there is substantial evidence that respiration continues beneath snow and this may be a significant contributor to annual C balance (Sommerfeld et al, 1993;Monson et al, 2006aMonson et al, , 2006bLarsen et al, 2007). Measured instantaneous rates of CO 2 efflux for snow-covered ecosystems have been as slow as 0.02 mmol CO 2 m 22 s 21 in an arctic tundra (Jones et al, 1999) to much faster rates of 0.71-0.86 mmol CO 2 m 22 s 21 in a subalpine meadow (Liptzin et al, 2009) and 0.77 mmol CO 2 m 22 s 21 in a temperate conifer forest (McDowell et al, 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ecosystem Respiration in a Seasonally Snow-Covered Subalpine Grassland

Warren

Taranto

2011

Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research

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Section: Ecosystem Respiration Beneath Snowsupporting

confidence: 66%

“…, which spans most of the previously reported range for soil respiration under snow (Jones et al, 1999;McDowell et al, 2000;Hubbard et al, 2005;Monson et al, 2006a;Liptzin et al, 2009).…”

mentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ecosystem Respiration in a Seasonally Snow-Covered Subalpine Grassland

Warren

Taranto

2011

Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research

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“…The complex relationship between Eurasian cold-season temperature and the MLO amplitude illustrates the multifaceted controls on winter decomposition (15). For example, at a black spruce forest in Manitoba, Canada, respiration rates from soil carbon reservoirs were found to be sensitive to the depth and duration of thaw (16).…”

Section: Mlomentioning

confidence: 99%

The changing carbon cycle at Mauna Loa Observatory

Buermann¹,

Lintner

Koven³

et al. 2007

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

113

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The amplitude of the CO2 seasonal cycle at the Mauna Loa Observatory (MLO) increased from the early 1970s to the early 1990s but decreased thereafter despite continued warming over northern continents. Because of its location relative to the large-scale atmospheric circulation, the MLO receives mainly Eurasian air masses in the northern hemisphere ( atmospheric circulation ͉ atmospheric CO2 seasonal cycle ͉ terrestrial carbon sinks ͉ continental droughts T he time series of CO 2 at Mauna Loa Observatory (MLO) located on the Island of Hawaii is unique not only because of its accuracy and length but also because it was designed and has been repeatedly demonstrated to capture the globally averaged secular trend in atmospheric CO 2 . The seasonal cycle of atmospheric CO 2 at the MLO, with a maximum at the beginning of the growing season (May) and a minimum at the end of the growing season (September/October), records the ''breathing'' of the northern hemisphere (NH) biosphere, that is, the seasonal asynchrony between photosynthetic drawdown and respiratory release of CO 2 by terrestrial ecosystems (e.g., refs. 1-3).During the course of a year, the MLO experiences marked shifts in large-scale atmospheric circulation. In the NH cold season, air masses from Eurasia dominate transport to the MLO as a result of a deepening of the Aleutian Low and intensified midlatitude westerly flow (4). In the NH warm season, the dominant subtropical North Pacific high-pressure system located to the northeast of the MLO leads to short-range transport of air masses to the MLO that originate over or near the North American continent (4). During this season, the MLO receives an approximately equal mix of air masses from both continents with relatively more North American contributions at the peak of the NH growing season (July/August). The MLO is also located in the vicinity of the subsiding branch of the Hadley circulation, rendering it sensitive to interhemispheric mixing.Several studies have analyzed variability in the MLO CO 2 seasonal cycle to infer the sensitivity of ecosystem dynamics to climate perturbations. The increasing trends in the seasonal amplitude of CO 2 at the MLO and Point Barrow, AK, from the early 1970s to the early 1990s are postulated to be evidence of a temperature-related lengthening of the boreal growing season (1

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“…The snowpack hence forms a critical interface between the Arctic atmosphere, tundra ecosystems, and underlying tundra soils. Trace gas exchanges between the atmosphere and the tundra are modulated by sinks and sources below and within snowpack, by snow diffusivity, snow height, and snow porosity (Dominé and Shepson, 2002;Lalonde et al, 2002;Monson et al, 2006). The snowpack accumulates nutrients, pollutants, and impurities that are deposited by snowfall and dry deposition processes, all of which can subsequently be transported to underlying ecosystems during snowmelt (Bergin et al, 1995;Uematsu et al, 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mercury in the Arctic tundra snowpack: temporal and spatial concentration patterns and trace gas exchanges

Agnan¹,

Douglas²,

Helmig³

et al. 2018

The Cryosphere

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Abstract. In the Arctic, the snowpack forms the major interface between atmospheric and terrestrial cycling of mercury (Hg), a global pollutant. We investigated Hg dynamics in an interior Arctic tundra snowpack in northern Alaska during two winter seasons. Using a snow tower system to monitor Hg trace gas exchange, we observed consistent concentration declines of gaseous elemental Hg (Hg 0 gas ) from the atmosphere to the snowpack to soils. The snowpack itself was unlikely a direct sink for atmospheric Hg 0 gas . In addition, there was no evidence of photochemical reduction of Hg II to Hg 0 gas in the tundra snowpack, with the exception of short periods during late winter in the uppermost snow layer. The patterns in this interior Arctic snowpack thus differ substantially from observations in Arctic coastal and temperate snowpacks. We consistently measured low concentrations of both total and dissolved Hg in snowpack throughout the two seasons. Chemical tracers showed that Hg was mainly associated with local mineral dust and regional marine sea spray inputs. Mass balance calculations show that the snowpack represents a small reservoir of Hg, resulting in low inputs during snowmelt. Taken together, the results from this study suggest that interior Arctic snowpacks are negligible sources of Hg to the Arctic.

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The contribution of beneath‐snow soil respiration to total ecosystem respiration in a high‐elevation, subalpine forest

Cited by 94 publications

References 52 publications

Ecosystem Respiration in a Seasonally Snow-Covered Subalpine Grassland

Ecosystem Respiration in a Seasonally Snow-Covered Subalpine Grassland

The changing carbon cycle at Mauna Loa Observatory

Mercury in the Arctic tundra snowpack: temporal and spatial concentration patterns and trace gas exchanges

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