2000
DOI: 10.1016/s0048-7333(99)00061-x
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The contrasting roles of government in the development of biotechnology industry in the US and Germany

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Cited by 102 publications
(54 citation statements)
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“…As a result pharmaceutical companies with German headquarters relocated R&D facilities to biotechnological centres outside of Germany. 6 The political climate and public opinion was not in favour of pharmaceutical biotechnology either (Giesecke 2000, Müller/Fujiwara 2003, Wink 2003.…”
Section: Institutional and Historical Backgroundmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…As a result pharmaceutical companies with German headquarters relocated R&D facilities to biotechnological centres outside of Germany. 6 The political climate and public opinion was not in favour of pharmaceutical biotechnology either (Giesecke 2000, Müller/Fujiwara 2003, Wink 2003.…”
Section: Institutional and Historical Backgroundmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…This corrects somewhat for an ''over-socialised'' view of the importance of ''untraded interdependencies'' in cluster-type settings. This is not to deny knowledge spillovers that enable ''free-riding'' happen, rather that they are relatively trivial in nature (Giesecke, 2000;Granovetter et al, 2000;Fritsch, 2001).…”
Section: A Model Of the Kvc In Life Sciences And The Role Of Incubationmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In de vs wordt op dit moment ongeveer eenderde van het risicokapitaal geïnvesteerd in startende en jonge ondernemingen in de high tech sfeer, vooral in sectoren als computerhardware, software en biotechnologie. In Duitsland is dit slechts 7 procent voor nieuwe technologie (Giesecke 2000). Het grootste gedeelte gaat risicomijdend naar traditionele technologieën en diensten.…”
Section: Institutionele Contextunclassified
“…Ook het aantal startende en jonge biotechnologiebedrijven is nog zeer gering. In 1997 waren er niet meer dan 197 bedrijven met 3 tot 15 werknemers en 90 procent van de bedrijven had een omzet van een paar 100.000 dm (Giesecke 2000). Ook de beurs in Europa, waar bedrijven door het aanbieden van aandelen kapitaal konden verwerven, bleef lange tijd achter.…”
Section: Institutionele Contextunclassified
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