The Contested Role of Heterogeneity in Collective Action: Some Evidence from Community Forestry in Nepal

Varughese, George; Остром, Элинор

doi:10.1016/s0305-750x(01)00012-2

Cited by 436 publications

(314 citation statements)

References 23 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

285

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Varughese and Ostrom, 2001;Gunatilake, 1998), there still remain a lot of unanswered questions in this subject area. While researchers such as Adhikari have shown that poorer households benefit less in absolute terms from community forest than less poor households, others such as Fonta et al (2011) have put forth the opposite view.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Forest Dependence and Inequality: An Empirical Study from Community Forests in Kaski, Nepal

Chhetri

Asante

Yoshimoto

2016

FORMATH

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract:This paper examines the importance of income generated from community forest to the rural poor in Kaski District, Nepal. The results of the study show that on average, households earn 7.4% of their cash income from community forests. Poor households are more reliant on forest activities compared with the better off. They earn 13.6% of their total household income from community forest compared to the rich households who earn only 2.1%. The results of the study also reveal that income from community forest have a stronger equalizing effect on local income distribution. The Gini coefficient was computed as 0.37 when income from community forest was considered and 0.53 when it was ignored. These findings show the importance of community forests to the rural poor and underprivileged households. The findings also suggest that in designing community forestry programs, policy makers should not ignore socio-economic disparity among the forest user households.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Forest Dependence and Inequality: An Empirical Study from Community Forests in Kaski, Nepal

Chhetri

Asante

Yoshimoto

2016

FORMATH

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…A large body of literature has emerged that addresses how economic heterogeneity -in-equality of wealth, income, or economic opportunity within a community-affects the use of local resources and environmental quality. Taken as a whole, this literature is inconclusive (Varughese and Ostrom, 2001;Bardhan and Dayton-Johnson, 2002). One line of thought, however, originates with Olson's (Olson, 1965) well-known hypothesis that wealthier people in a group will tend to take on a larger share of providing a public good than their poorer counterparts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Economic inequality and burden-sharing in the provision of local environmental quality

Cárdenas

Stranlund

Willis

2002

Ecological Economics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A large, but inconclusive, literature addresses how economic heterogeneity affects the use of local resources and local environmental quality. One line of thought, which derives from Nash equilibrium provision of public goods, suggests that in contexts in which individual actions degrade local environmental quality, wealthier people in a community will tend to do more to protect environmental quality. In this paper we report on experiments performed in rural Colombia that were designed to explore the role that economic inequality plays in the 'provision' of local environmental quality. Subjects were asked to decide how much time to devote to collecting firewood from a local forest, which degrades local water quality, and how much to unrelated pursuits. Economic heterogeneity was introduced by varying the private returns to these alternative pursuits. Consistent with the Nash equilibrium prediction, we found that the players with more valuable alternative options put less pressure on local water quality. However, the subjects with less valuable alternative options showed significantly more restraint relative to their pure Nash strategies. Furthermore, they were willing to bear significantly greater opportunity costs to move their groups to outcomes that yielded higher average payoffs and better water quality than the Nash equilibrium outcome.

show abstract

“…Households near to the forest area are more probable to collect more forest resources from the community-based forests and reverse was true for the distant users because of the difficulties in carrying harvested products (Adhikari, 2003;Sapkota and Odén, 2008). Further, Varughese and Ostrom (2001) argued that the rural households nearby the forest have more secure and accessible supply of forest products nevertheless they are controlled by rules and regulations. Therefore the distance between the forest and the household may decrease the utilization of forest products.…”

Section: Wealth Status (Wealth)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Household Dependency on Buffer Zone Community Forest and its Implication for Management of Chitwan National Park, Nepal

Bhandari¹,

Zhou²

2017

ijSciences

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Conservation of biodiversity in Protected Areas will be more challenging if local communities are heavily dependent on them for various forest products and subsistence needs. Thus this study sought to identify the demographic and socioeconomic variable that influence forest dependency exploring the relationship of forest dependency and household characteristics of the households of the Panbari Buffer Zone Community Forest User Group of Chitwan National Park, Nepal. A sample of 130 households was randomly selected for the household survey using stratified random sampling and collected was analyzed using logistic regression model. Logistic regression result indicate that wealth status of the poor household, household family size, livestock population, agricultural income and education are the five major determinants of forest dependency in Panbari Buffer Zone Community Forest. Policy interventions to ensure long-term success of landscape-level conservation of Chitwan National Park are needed to decrease dependence on forest resources expanding educational and training opportunities; and the policy measures that aim at increasing agriculture income, generating off-farm employment opportunities, supply of the alternatives of fuel wood energy and adopting agrisilvicultural system for the supply of fodder for the livestock.

show abstract

The Contested Role of Heterogeneity in Collective Action: Some Evidence from Community Forestry in Nepal

Cited by 436 publications

References 23 publications

<b>Forest Dependence and Inequality: An Empirical Study from Community Forests in Kaski, </b><b>Nepal</b>

<b>Forest Dependence and Inequality: An Empirical Study from Community Forests in Kaski, </b><b>Nepal</b>

Economic inequality and burden-sharing in the provision of local environmental quality

Household Dependency on Buffer Zone Community Forest and its Implication for Management of Chitwan National Park, Nepal

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About