The Content of Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator and Tumor Recurrence in Superficial Bladder Cancer

Hasui, Yoshihiro; Marutsuka, Kousuke; Nishi, Shohei; Kitada, Shinichiro; Osada, Yoshihito; Sumiyoshi, Akinobu

doi:10.1016/s0022-5347(17)34861-9

Cited by 36 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…45 Furthermore, the measurement of u-PA in several studies may provide useful prognostic informations also in patients with colonrectal, breast and bladder cancer. 43,102,105 Finally, among direct mechanisms, has to be considered the release of a number of different proinflammatory cytokines. The production of tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α ) and interleukin-1 (IL-1 β ) can induce the expression of TF and PAI-1 and down-regulate the expression of thrombomodulin by endhotelial cells, resulting in reduced activation of the C protein system, one of the principal endogenous anticoagulant defence systems.…”

Section: Pathophysiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Coagulation and cancer: Implications for diagnosis and management

Loreto

Martinis

Corsi

et al. 2000

Pathol. Oncol. Res.

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Section: Pathophysiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Coagulation and cancer: Implications for diagnosis and management

Loreto

Martinis

Corsi

et al. 2000

Pathol. Oncol. Res.

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“…The action of these proteases is under control of a cascade response which induces activation of proteolytically active urokinase (uPA) from its precursor pro-uPA [11][12][13]. Recent studies have suggested that the uPA level might be a strong biological indicator of prognosis in breast cancer [14,15] and of response to endocrine therapy in recurrent breast cancer [16], There is also broad interest in the relationship of uPA levels with other types of cancer [17][18][19]. Various EOS As for uPA have been established and reported in the literature, and some of these are commercially available.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunoassays (ELISA) of urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA): Report of an EORTC/BIOMED-1 Workshop

Benraad

Geurts-Moespot

Grøndahl-Hansen

et al. 1996

European Journal of Cancer

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“…The most common plasminogen activator, urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA) functions via its receptor, urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR). High expression of both uPA and uPAR has been found to be of prognostic significance in a number of tumours including bladder (Hasui et al, 1994;Pedersen et al, 1994;Dickinson et al, 1995). Using this model we have investigated the effects of uPAR antagonists, suramin and N-acetylcysteine.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Human bladder cancer invasion model using rat bladder in vitro and its use to test mechanisms and therapeutic inhibitors of invasion

et al. 2001

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Bladder cancer accounts for approximately 8% and 6% of all new male cancers and 4% and 3% of male cancer deaths each year in the United Kingdom and the USA respectively (Silverman et al, 1999). Three quarters of all cases present as superficial disease and whilst half of these cases are cured by simple treatment, about half will develop recurrences (Gilbert et al, 1978). The field change theory of recurrence proposes that each recurrence has arisen de novo from a generalized precancerous urothelium (Raghavan et al, 1990;Harris and Neal, 1992). The clonal origin of recurrence (Sidransky et al, 1992;Habuchi et al, 1993;Chern et al, 1996) implies that either residual cells have been left at TURBT resulting in tumour recurrence at the original site or that intraluminal shedding and subsequent seeding occurs at the time of TURBT. There are several reports supporting this shedding and seeding hypothesis (Soloway and Masters, 1980;See et al, 1989;Rebel et al, 1994;Fadl-Elmula et al, 1999) and the effect of reduction in recurrence rate following intravesical instillation of various agents at the time of TURBT supports this concept (Lamm and Griffith, 1992). There is a clear need for models in which to investigate the process of bladder cancer seeding and invasion and also upon which to test potential therapeutic agents.The most commonly used models of invasion are the Boyden chamber and some form of matrigel assay. It is now clear that the extracellular matrix is more than a passive support but interacts with tumour cells regulating differentiation (Fujiyama et al, 1995;Scriven et al, 1997), proliferation (Southgate et al, 1994;Booth et al, 1997) and tumour angiogenesis (Vladovski et al, 1997). Likewise xenograft models are often technically difficult, with moderate levels of reproducibility and are more difficult to control. Therefore although these models have provided useful information (Cook and Hampton, 1997; Miyake et al, 1997) they are becoming inadequate.We have developed an in vitro model using de-epithelialized rat bladder onto which human bladder cancer cells are seeded, an analogous situation to seeding of cells at TURBT, and used this model to test potential mechanisms and therapeutic inhibitors of invasion.The plasminogen activator system regulates extracellular matrix degradation and is therefore critical in tumour cell implantation, invasion and metastasis (Conese and Blasi, 1995;Hudson and McReynolds, 1997). The most common plasminogen activator, urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA) functions via its receptor, urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR). High expression of both uPA and uPAR has been found to be of prognostic significance in a number of tumours including bladder (Hasui et al, 1994;Pedersen et al, 1994;Dickinson et al, 1995). Using this model we have investigated the effects of uPAR antagonists, suramin and N-acetylcysteine. The latter two are compounds thatHuman bladder cancer invasion model using rat bladder in vitro and its use to test mechanisms and therapeutic inhibitors of inva...

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The Content of Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator and Tumor Recurrence in Superficial Bladder Cancer

Cited by 36 publications

References 14 publications

Coagulation and cancer: Implications for diagnosis and management

Coagulation and cancer: Implications for diagnosis and management

Immunoassays (ELISA) of urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA): Report of an EORTC/BIOMED-1 Workshop

Human bladder cancer invasion model using rat bladder in vitro and its use to test mechanisms and therapeutic inhibitors of invasion

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