The content of heavy metals in soils and plants around the waste landfill in Siechnice (Poland)

Abstract

Abstract. Metal concentrations (Cu, Zn, Pb, Ni, Cr) in soils and plants around the metallurgical waste landfill of Siechnice, Poland, have been determined. The soil samples were collected from the surface layer of 0-25 cm. The soils and plants were digested in HNO 3 , 60%, using the Microwave Digestion System (Milestone Start D). The analysis of metals has been carried out through the Flame Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (FAAS) method. The pH and the conductivity of the soil solutions were measured. The pollution index (Wn) and the bioaccumulation coefficient (WB) have been determined. The permissible content of Cu, Zn, Ni and Cr in soils were exceeded compared to the geochemical background in uncontaminated soils of Poland. Chromium concentrations have also been exceeded relative to the standard for soils, according to the Polish Ministry of Environment Regulation from September 1 st , 2016. The assessment of the bioaccumulation coefficients of metals in plants (Plantagolanceolata L. and Zea mays L.) has shown significant bioaccumulation of copper and zinc compared to the permissible concentrations of undesirable substances in feed in agreement with the Polish

Environmental Health Hazards of the Demolition of the ‘Siechnice’ Smelter Slag Heap

“…For Zn, the concentration is 47.65, which is 1.78 times higher than our results for the control sample. The highest exceedance occurs in the Pb concentration, as the difference between the control sample obtained in this study and the samples from the study Borowczak and Hołtra [Borowczak, Hołtra, 2017] is 6.67 times higher. This suggests that taking a zero sample should be restricted to the areas far away from any industries and roads, as they also affect soil contamination.…”

“…The high values of the elements in the control soil may result from the fact that this sample was taken near the main road from/ to Wrocław and from the possible influence of industries located there, which deal with laser cutting, electro-technical industry and service of French cars etc. In the publication of Borowczak and Hołtra [Borowczak, Hołtra, 2017], the control sample was taken at three sites from a cultivated field in Siechnice, where the concentration of Cu was 10.14 mg/kg, which indicates that the concentration in the control sample is 7.6 times higher. For Zn, the concentration is 47.65, which is 1.78 times higher than our results for the control sample.…”

“…(4) HI = ∑HQ (5) where: ADD -has to be calculated in 3 factors ingestion, inhalation, and dermal; RfD -reference dose for the calculated metals, the data given in Table 2. The values given in the table have been converted during the calculation process to a nanogram unit.…”

“…Even though the work on the heap began in 2012 and some steps were undertaken, the area of Siechnice is still under risk and constitutes a health hazard for the inhabitants. It has been already shown that the limit concentrations of PTEs in this area still can be exceeded [Borowczak & Hołtra, 2017].…”

Phytoremediation Potential of Chrysopogon zizanioides for Toxic Elements in Contaminated Matrices

“…Cr Residual sludge tannery [35] Cd, Cu, Fe, and Pb Compost leach [38] As, Cd, Ni, Pb, and Zn Ash remediation [28] Al, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, and Zn Rehabilitation of iron mine [13] Cu, Fe, Mn, Pb, and Zn Water polluted with heavy metals [12] Cr, Cu, Pb, and Zn Soil contaminated with heavy metals [38] Cu, Fe, Mn, Pb, and Zn Industrial waters [24] B Industrial waters [37] grass, the findings of different studies have confirmed the potential of vetiver as a phytoremediation plant for use in the removal of heavy metals from contaminated soils [12,46,47] and in the rehabilitation of landfills [36]. Although it is not an aquatic plant, vetiver can grow and survive under hydroponic conditions [48] and can be used to remediate eutrophic waters, wastewater from pig farms [49], and waste leachates [50].…”