The constituent equations of piezoelectric bimorphs

Smits, J.G.; Dalke, S.I.; Cooney, Thomas K.

doi:10.1016/0924-4247(91)80007-c

Cited by 368 publications

(183 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…The constitutive relations for the cantilever mounted bimorph have been derived by Smits et al, 6 and they describe the behavior of the bimorph under static conditions. For a series connected bimorph bender subjected to the following excitations: an electric voltage V across its thickness, a uniformly distributed external body load p, an external tip force F perpendicular to the beam, and an external moment M at the free end, the generated electrical charge then can be expressed by the following equation:…”

Section: Sensor Performance Analysis Of a Cantilever Bimorphmentioning

confidence: 99%

Theoretical analysis of the sensor effect of cantilever piezoelectric benders

Wang

et al. 1999

Journal of Applied Physics

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Piezoelectric bending mode elements such as bimorph and unimorph benders can be used as both actuation and sensing elements for a wide range of applications. As actuation elements, these devices convert electric input energy into output mechanical energy. As sensing elements, they convert external mechanical stimuli into electrical charge or voltage. In this article, the sensing effect of cantilever mounted piezoelectric bimorph unimorph and triple layer benders subjected to external mechanical excitations are discussed. General analytical expressions relating generated electric voltage (or charge) to the applied mechanical input excitations (moment M, tip force F, and body force p) are derived based on the constitutive equations of these bending devices. It is found that the clamping effect of each component in the bender devices decreases the dielectric constant. The bimorph bender has a higher voltage sensitivity than the unimorph or triple layer bender with the same geometrical dimensions. The dependence of voltage and charge sensitivities on the thickness ratio and the Young’s modulus ratio of the elastic layer and piezoelectric layer under different conditions are discussed and compared for the unimorph and triple layer benders.

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Section: Sensor Performance Analysis Of a Cantilever Bimorphmentioning

confidence: 99%

Theoretical analysis of the sensor effect of cantilever piezoelectric benders

Wang

et al. 1999

Journal of Applied Physics

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“…Mechanical and electrical fields of flat bi-morph [1][2][3], multi-morph [4], and functionally graded [5,6] sensors and actuators were investigated by several researchers. Moreover, deformation and electrical behaviors of the curved actuators were also studied (e.g., in [7,8]).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bending behavior of a bi‐morph piezoelectric curved beam

Usta

Arslan

2014

Proc Appl Math and Mech

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“…Piezoelectric actuators are largely applied in academic studies and industries due to their advantages of good displacement resolution, good mechanical durability, high speed, large output force and low power consumptions [1][2][3][4][5][6]. The piezoelectric actuators usually consist of the active components of piezoelectric ceramics (or single crystals, piezoelectric polymers, composites), passive components of substrate or elastic layer, and the controlling circuits.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High amplitude vibration of piezoelectric bending actuators

Chen

Boey

et al. 2007

J Electroceram

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The properties of several configurations of piezoelectric bending actuators were investigated at high vibration amplitude both theoretically and experimentally. It was found that under high amplitude vibration conditions, the failure of the actuator was mainly caused by the maximum stress and domain reorientation. The actuator tends to fracture or crack at the location of maximum stress, which is indicated by the sudden drop of the displacement during frequency scan. The dimension, boundary condition and vibration order influence the distribution and magnitude of the stress. Domain reorientation may also occur during the frequency scan, which results in the distortion of the current profile. And meanwhile the magnitude of the current, admittance and temperature of the actuator will increase significantly and abruptly. The temperature was found to be increase with the increase of frequency, electric field or vibration amplitude due to the higher mechanical and electrical losses. The un-even stress distribution has also resulted in a high-to-low gradient temperature rise from the clamped end to the free end of the actuator under the Clamped-Free boundary condition. A linear model based on Euler-Benoulli theory has been derived and it provides reasonable explanations on the phenomena observed experimentally in this paper.

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The constituent equations of piezoelectric bimorphs

Cited by 368 publications

References 50 publications

Theoretical analysis of the sensor effect of cantilever piezoelectric benders

Theoretical analysis of the sensor effect of cantilever piezoelectric benders

Bending behavior of a bi‐morph piezoelectric curved beam

High amplitude vibration of piezoelectric bending actuators

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