The conservation status of West Indian palms (Arecaceae)

Zona, Scott; Verdecia, Raúl; Sánchez, Angela Leiva; Lewis, Carl E.; Maunder, Mike

doi:10.1017/s0030605307000404

Cited by 19 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Three of the five subfamilies recognized in the new classification of the Arecaceae (Dransfield et al, 2005;Asmussen et al, 2006) have indigenous species in the West Indies (Table 1). There are 135 species in 21 genera of palms in the West Indies, of which 121 are strictly endemic (Zona et al, 2007).…”

Section: Diversity and Distribution Of Palms In The West Indiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Phylogenetic Studies of Caribbean Palms (Arecaceae) and Their Relationships to Biogeography and Conservation

2008

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The Caribbean Islands are one of the world's 34 biodiversity hotspots, remarkable for its biological richness and the high level of threat to its flora and fauna. The palms (family Arecaceae) are well represented in the West Indies, with 21 genera (three endemic) and 135 species (121 endemic). We provide an overview of phylogenetic knowledge of West Indian Palms, including their relationships within a plastid DNA-based phylogeny of the Arecaceae. We present new data used to reconstruct the phylogeny of tribe Cryosophileae, including four genera found in the West Indies, based on partial sequences of the low-copy nuclear genes encoding phosphoribulokinase (PRK) and subunit 2 of RNA polymerase II (RPB2). Recently published phylogenetic studies of tribe Cocoseae, based on PRK sequences, and tribes Cyclospatheae and Geonomateae, based on PRK and RPB2 sequences, also provide information on the phylogenetic relationships of West Indian palms. Results of these analyses show many independent origins of the West Indian Palm flora. These phylogenetic studies reflect the complex envolutionary history of the West Indies and no single biogeographical pattern emerges for these palms. The present day distributions of West Indian palms suggest complicated evolutionary interchange among islands, as well as between the West Indies and surrounding continents. We identified six palm lineages that deserve conservation priority. Species-level phylogenies are needed for Copernicia, Sabal, and Roystonea before we can build a more complete understanding of the origin and diversification of West Indian palms.Resumen Las Islas del Caribe constituyen uno de los 34 "hotspots" de biodiversidad del mundo, notables por su riqueza biológica y el alto grado de amenaza de su flora y fauna. La familia Arecaceae esta bien representada en Las Antillas con 21 géneros (tres endémicos) y 135 especies (121 endémicas). Presentamos una síntesis del conocimiento filogénetico de las palmas de Las Antillas incluyendo su posición dentro de la filogenia de la familia Arecaceae basada en ADN cloroplástico. Construímos una nueva filogenia para la tribu Cryosophileae, Bot. Rev. (2008) 74:78-102

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Section: Diversity and Distribution Of Palms In The West Indiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Phylogenetic Studies of Caribbean Palms (Arecaceae) and Their Relationships to Biogeography and Conservation

2008

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“…A comparison between this study and a field-based analysis of the endemic palms of Hawaii (Chapin et al 2004) and the endemic palms of the West Indies (Zona et al 2007) shows a high level of similarity (see Appendix I and Appendix II). The 10 Hawaiian Pritchardia species, which are identified here as Potentially Threatened, are listed as Critically Endangered, Endangered, or Vulnerable in Chapin et al (2004).…”

Section: Potentially Extinctmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…One species (Pritchardia minor) is identified here as Not Threatened, but Endangered in Chapin et al (2004). Of the 66 West Indian palm species that are identified here as Potentially Threatened, Zona et al (2007) listed 25 species as Extinct, Critically Endangered, Endangered, and Vulnerable, 28 species as Least Concern, and 13 as Data Deficient. Of the 27 West Indian palm species identified here as Not Threatened, Zona et al (2007) identified 1 species as Endangered (Desmoncus polyacanthos), 22 as Least Concern, and 4 as Data Deficient.…”

Section: Potentially Extinctmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…Of the 66 West Indian palm species that are identified here as Potentially Threatened, Zona et al (2007) listed 25 species as Extinct, Critically Endangered, Endangered, and Vulnerable, 28 species as Least Concern, and 13 as Data Deficient. Of the 27 West Indian palm species identified here as Not Threatened, Zona et al (2007) identified 1 species as Endangered (Desmoncus polyacanthos), 22 as Least Concern, and 4 as Data Deficient. Thus, only two species (Pritchardia minor and Desmoncus polyacanthos) of 77 resulted in false positives in our analyses (identified here as Not Threatened, but listed elsewhere as Endangered).…”

Section: Potentially Extinctmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Achieving Target 2 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation: building a preliminary assessment of vascular plant species using data from herbarium specimens

2008

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The Global Strategy for Plant Conservation calls for a preliminary assessment of the conservation status of all known plant species by the year 2010. To date insufficient progress has been made on meeting this target. New efforts to develop a preliminary list beyond using the full IUCN criteria in plant assessments are needed. Here we present an algorithm that provides a preliminary assessment of the conservation status of plant species using data from herbarium specimens. We use Hawaiian specimen data from the United States National Herbarium to calibrate the parameters of the algorithm and then use specimen data from the Arecaceae, Commelinaceae, Gesneriaceae and Heliconiaceae as examples of the application of the algorithm. The algorithm was calibrated to insure 95% accuracy in placing the Hawaiian plant species into previously and independently determined threatened categories. Our results indicate that 28% of the Hawaiian taxa, 27% of the species of Arecaceae, 45% of the species of Commelinaceae, 32% of the species of Gesneriaceae, and 35% of the species of Heliconiaceae are Not Threatened and will not need any further evaluation for the preliminary assessment. Species identified here as Potentially Extinct and Potentially Threatened can be further assessed by additional herbarium material and/or conservation specialists for final evaluation using other assessment strategies (e.g., regional and national lists, taxonomic expert assessment, etc.).

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“…While many regional assessments have been completed (e.g. Golding 2002;Jorgensen and León-Yánez 1999;Valencia et al 2000;León et al 2006;Llamozas et al 2003;Zona et al 2007;Raimondo et al 2009), most of these efforts have assessed species on a regional, rather than global, basis or only include those species identified as threatened. There are serious conceptual and practical problems in applying the system on a restricted geographic basis as opposed to the global distribution of a given species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Addressing target two of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation by rapidly identifying plants at risk

et al. 2012

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Target two of the 2002 Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSPC), ''A preliminary assessment of the conservation status of all known plant species, at national, regional, and international levels'' was not accomplished by its original 2010 target date and has therefore been included as a revised 2020 target, ''An assessment of the conservation status of all known plant species, as far as possible, to guide conservation action.'' The most widely used system to estimate risk of extinction, the International Union for the Conservation of Nature Red List, provides conservation assessments for fewer than 15,000 plant species. Progress achieving Target two has been hampered by the large number of plant species and the difficulty assembling the data needed for Red List assessments. Two streamlined methods for identifying those plant species considered At Risk under the GSPC Target two are compared and contrasted. Both methods use readily available locality data from herbarium specimens to efficiently identify At Risk species and approximate the list of species that would be identified as threatened by Red List analyses. A comprehensive analysis of the native plant species of Puerto Rico using both streamlined methods identifies 570 of the 2,025 species at some risk of extinction. More efficient systems for assessing threat allow a more timely response to Target two, allow conservation efforts to be directed to the species that need attention, and the list of threatened plants can be used to identify priority areas for plant conservation.

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The conservation status of West Indian palms (Arecaceae)

Cited by 19 publications

References 9 publications

Molecular Phylogenetic Studies of Caribbean Palms (Arecaceae) and Their Relationships to Biogeography and Conservation

Molecular Phylogenetic Studies of Caribbean Palms (Arecaceae) and Their Relationships to Biogeography and Conservation

Achieving Target 2 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation: building a preliminary assessment of vascular plant species using data from herbarium specimens

Addressing target two of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation by rapidly identifying plants at risk

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