The consequences of living with a severe malocclusion: A review of the literature

Abstract

Aim: To facilitate the orthognathic shared decision-making process by identifying and applying existing research evidence to establish the potential consequences of living with a severe malocclusion. Methods: A comprehensive narrative literature review was conducted to explore the potential complications of severe malocclusion. A systematic electronic literature search of four databases combined with supplementary hand searching identified 1024 articles of interest. A total of 799 articles were included in the narrative literature review, which was divided into 10 themes: Oral Health Related Quality Of Life; Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction; Masticatory Limitation; Sleep Apnoea; Traumatic Dental Injury; Tooth Surface Loss; Change Over Time; Periodontal Injury; Restorative Difficulty; and Functional Shift and Dual Bite. A deductive approach was used to draw conclusions from the evidence available within each theme. Results: The narrative literature review established 27 conclusions, indicating that those living with a severe malocclusion may be predisposed to a range of potential consequences. With the exception of Oral Health Related Quality Of Life, which is poorer in adults with severe malocclusion than those with normal occlusions, and the risk of Traumatic Dental Injury, which increases when the overjet is >5 mm in the permanent and 3 mm in the primary dentition, the evidence supporting the remaining conclusions was found to be of low to moderate quality and at high risk of bias. Conclusion: This article summarises the findings of a comprehensive narrative literature review in which all of the relevant research evidence within a substantive investigative area is established and evaluated. Notwithstanding limitations regarding the quality of the available evidence; when combined with clinical expertise and an awareness of individual patient preferences, the conclusions presented may facilitate the orthognathic shared decision-making process and furthermore, may guide the development of the high-quality longitudinal research required to validate them.

Sleep disorders in individuals with dentofacial deformities: a preliminary study on the relationship with sex and serotonin levels

“…However, most of the participants in our study (85%) did not show elevated oxygen desaturation rates, despite the DFD diagnosis. The present data contrasts somewhat with the notion that severe malocclusion, as seen in DFD patients, is a risk factor for OSA [24]. Based on our preliminary results, it is possible to infer that anthropometric features, besides sex and age, might greatly in uence OSA detection in DFD patients.…”

Malocclusion in cats associated with mandibular soft tissue trauma: a retrospective case–control study

“…The associated pathological conditions of this injury include gingival surface injury, reduction of alveolar bone density and clinical attachment loss. 18 All these problems were identified in the cases group. The most severe grade of malocclusion in the present study resulted in the development of pyogranuloma.…”

Significance of Non-Statistically Significant Results in the Prediction of Oral Health-Related Quality of Life in Orthodontic Patients: A Survey Using Two Linking Questionnaires

“…Orthodontists are required to evaluate the dietary difficulties of their patients, however, this research identified no significant correlations between the dietary difficulties perceived by patients and those evaluated by their orthodontic postgraduates in both the physical and psychological aspects. Patients with severe malocclusion tend to have negative consequences of OHRQoL, as masticatory limitations may reduce the dietary intake performances [ 24 , 25 ]. However, there appear to be a number of external factors influencing the perceptions toward dietary difficulties apart from malocclusion and dental problems such as the time and location of a meal, and patients with different diet preferences may perceived their dietary difficulties differently [ 15 ].…”