The conjugation and accumulation of metabolites of cypermethrin by earthworms

Curl, Elizabeth A.; Edwards, Peter J.; Elliott, Clare; Leahey, John P.

doi:10.1002/ps.2780200306

Cited by 23 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…For undetectable DNOP, the most likely explanations were a strong sorption and a considerably slower desorption rate (Swann et al, 1983), which was not sufficient to replenish the solution phase depleted by the earthworm uptake. This effect was also observed for some pesticides (Curl et al, 1987;Lord et al, 1980). The difference in steady state concentrations of DBP and DEHP in earthworms exposed to spiked S1 and S2 might be due to different soil properties of agricultural and forest soils.…”

Section: Article In Pressmentioning

confidence: 56%

Bioavailability of phthalate congeners to earthworms (Eisenia fetida) in artificially contaminated soils

Wen

Zhang

et al. 2005

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety

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Bioavailability of phthalate congeners, dimethyl phthalate, diethyl phthalate, di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP), di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), and dioctyl phthalate, to earthworms (Eisenia fetida) were studied when earthworms were exposed to two artificially contaminated agricultural and forest soils. Only DBP and DEHP were detected in earthworms. The uptake kinetics of DBP and DEHP in earthworms was fast within the initial 10 days followed by a nearly steady state for the subsequent 20 days. An equilibrium partitioning model could be used to describe the uptake kinetics of DBP and DEHP by earthworm in two types of soils (r ¼ 0:70920:864). The average biota-to-soil accumulation factors (BSAFs) of DBP and DEHP at 5 mg kg À1 in soil were 0.2770.07 and 0.1770.03, respectively, in agricultural soil, while the BSAFs were 0.2170.06 and 0.0770.02, respectively, in forest soil. The concentrations of phthalates in earthworms increased with increasing concentrations of phthalates in soil. There was a significant correlation between log C soil and log C worm , with r ¼ 0:99920:993, demonstrating a single linear partitioning of phthalates between soil and earthworms. The bioavailability of DBP and DEHP was assessed by Soxhlet, methanol, and methanol-water (1:1) extraction methods. Our results indicated that the extractable amounts of freshly added DBP and DEHP in soils by these extraction methods were significantly correlated with those in earthworms. It was observed that the extractable DBP and DEHP by the methanol and methanol-water (1:1) extraction methods decreased with their increasing residence time in soil. In contrast, the amount extracted by the Soxhlet extraction method did not show a similar decline. Therefore, Soxhlet extraction was a poor indicator of the bioavailability of DBP and DEHP to earthworms in soil, which could lead to overestimation of the risk of soilassociated DBP and DEHP. The extractable DBP and DEHP by methanol and methanol-water (1:1) significantly decreased over 440 days. Compared with the methanol-water (1:1) extraction method, the methanol extraction method was preferred for its ability to predict the bioavailability of DBP and DEHP in aged soils. r

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Section: Article In Pressmentioning

confidence: 56%

Bioavailability of phthalate congeners to earthworms (Eisenia fetida) in artificially contaminated soils

Wen

Zhang

et al. 2005

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety

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show abstract

“…It is assumed that the earthworms spend their entire life span in soil with contaminant levels represented by the 0.5 m depth of soil sampled The assumption is reasonable, though organisms feeding on well-decomposed organic material near the surface may be exposed to different quantities of organic chemicals than worms feeding on litter pulled down into burrows in the subsoil (Curl et al 1987). Few earthworms are found in waterlogged soils so exposure to seeps is not considered.…”

Section: Exposure Assessment For Soil Invertebratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Waste area grouping 2 Phase I task data report: Ecological risk assessment and White Oak Creek watershed screening ecological risk assessment

Efroymson¹,

Jackson²,

Jones³

1996

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“…fractions of the soils sampled for analyses. However, geophagus organisms (those taking in large amounts of soil during feeding on well-decomposed organic material) and those living on or near the surface may be exposed to difkent quantities of organic chemicals than worms feeding on litter pulled down into burrows in the subsoil (Curl et al 1987). Moreover, few earthworms are found in waterlogged soils.…”

Section: Exposure Assessment For Soil Invertebratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Report on the remedial investigation of Bear Creek Valley at the Oak Ridge Y-12 Plant, Oak Ridge, Tennessee. Volume 6: Appendix G -- Baseline ecological risk assessment report

1996

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The conjugation and accumulation of metabolites of cypermethrin by earthworms

Cited by 23 publications

References 5 publications

Bioavailability of phthalate congeners to earthworms (Eisenia fetida) in artificially contaminated soils

Bioavailability of phthalate congeners to earthworms (Eisenia fetida) in artificially contaminated soils

Waste area grouping 2 Phase I task data report: Ecological risk assessment and White Oak Creek watershed screening ecological risk assessment

Report on the remedial investigation of Bear Creek Valley at the Oak Ridge Y-12 Plant, Oak Ridge, Tennessee. Volume 6: Appendix G -- Baseline ecological risk assessment report

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