“…Paper [33], [34] outlines the most common quality challenges testing laboratories face during their accreditation process related to impartiality. In [35] impartiality that arises during the control of processes providing technology check and modelling technological operations of products from metamaterials is considered. Impartiality of the training needs referring to specific aspects of interest to the main parties involved in each case is considered in [36].…”
The article aims to consider in detail the principles and requirements for impartiality, its components, and the status of implementation of these requirements in the current state of conformity assessment in Ukraine for different types of conformity assessment bodies (CABs); involved in food safety management system; compliance with the requirements of impartiality in terms of managing the risks associated with impartiality. The article uses methods of theoretical, empirical-theoretical, and empirical research, including analysis of documentation. Expert assessments were used to determine the significance of individual elements. The importance of impartiality in the activities of CABs is substantiated and demonstrated. Received a list of mandatory and recommended impartiality requirements for the requirements of the received standards and identified factors that threaten impartiality. Practical recommendations for documenting the process of impartiality management developed. The article analyzed the completeness and sufficiency of possible documented evidence, identified the risks of impartiality, and developed a set of preventive measures to minimize the identified risks. The authors developed a methodology for managing impartiality, which combines the experience and experience of CABs in various fields. The research results allow the CAB to carry out and document lending sector activities following the standard's requirements.
“…Paper [33], [34] outlines the most common quality challenges testing laboratories face during their accreditation process related to impartiality. In [35] impartiality that arises during the control of processes providing technology check and modelling technological operations of products from metamaterials is considered. Impartiality of the training needs referring to specific aspects of interest to the main parties involved in each case is considered in [36].…”
The article aims to consider in detail the principles and requirements for impartiality, its components, and the status of implementation of these requirements in the current state of conformity assessment in Ukraine for different types of conformity assessment bodies (CABs); involved in food safety management system; compliance with the requirements of impartiality in terms of managing the risks associated with impartiality. The article uses methods of theoretical, empirical-theoretical, and empirical research, including analysis of documentation. Expert assessments were used to determine the significance of individual elements. The importance of impartiality in the activities of CABs is substantiated and demonstrated. Received a list of mandatory and recommended impartiality requirements for the requirements of the received standards and identified factors that threaten impartiality. Practical recommendations for documenting the process of impartiality management developed. The article analyzed the completeness and sufficiency of possible documented evidence, identified the risks of impartiality, and developed a set of preventive measures to minimize the identified risks. The authors developed a methodology for managing impartiality, which combines the experience and experience of CABs in various fields. The research results allow the CAB to carry out and document lending sector activities following the standard's requirements.
In palladium refining technologies, as well as in some analytical procedures, complexes of bivalent palladium with diimines, amines, oximes, thiourea, and other compounds are used. In the technologies used, complex compounds of palladium are subjected to thermal decomposition, during which metallic palladium is formed. The precious metals market is seeing a rapid rise in the price of palladium on the back of a rapid increase in demand for it. It has been experimentally shown that active decomposition of dichlorodiamminepalladium Pd(NH3)2Cl2 and dimethylglyoximpalladium (C4H7N2O2)2Pd occurs at temperatures of 200…250 °C. Only the diffraction maxima of palladium were observed on the X-ray diffraction patterns of samples that underwent heat treatment at 900 °C and above. At these temperatures, palladium oxide is not stable. At temperatures around 500 °C, the samples are almost completely oxidized; there are no reflections of palladium on the diffraction patterns.
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