The conceptual understanding of depth rather than the low-level processing of spatial frequencies drives the corridor illusion

Yildiz, Gizem Y.; Sperandio, Irene; Kettle, Christine; Chouinard, Philippe A.

doi:10.1016/j.visres.2020.11.012

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Whether or not this could explain the decrease in illusion strength in experiment 3 is difficult to ascertain. However, our previous studies demonstrating increases in Ponzo illusion strength with the addition of pictorial depth cues would suggest otherwise [ 17 , 19 , 20 ]. Presumably, the stimuli in these studies were also less salient over busier backgrounds with more pictorial depth cues.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Her results demonstrated that the presence of a Ponzo-like central area affected the strength of the Poggendorff illusion and concluded that “… the Ponzo illusion and the Poggendorff illusion are attributable to similar processes and are not different kinds of illusions”. Expanding on Gregory’s misapplied perceptual constancy theory, several studies have shown that the strength of many Ponzo-like illusions increases with the number of pictorial depth cues added to the image display [ 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 ]. For example, in a series of recent studies, we added linear perspective cues and textures to a corridor background image and measured the strength of a resulting Ponzo-like illusion [ 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Expanding on Gregory’s misapplied perceptual constancy theory, several studies have shown that the strength of many Ponzo-like illusions increases with the number of pictorial depth cues added to the image display [ 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 ]. For example, in a series of recent studies, we added linear perspective cues and textures to a corridor background image and measured the strength of a resulting Ponzo-like illusion [ 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 ]. Our results revealed that illusion strength increases with pictorial depth cues added to the image display.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Effects of Adding Pictorial Depth Cues to the Poggendorff Illusion

Yildiz

Evans

Chouinard

2022

Vision

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We tested if the misapplication of perceptual constancy mechanisms might explain the perceived misalignment of the oblique lines in the Poggendorff illusion. Specifically, whether these mechanisms might treat the rectangle in the middle portion of the Poggendorff stimulus as an occluder in front of one long line appearing on either side, causing an apparent decrease in the rectangle’s width and an apparent increase in the misalignment of the oblique lines. The study aimed to examine these possibilities by examining the effects of adding pictorial depth cues. In experiments 1 and 2, we presented a central rectangle composed of either large or small bricks to determine if this manipulation would change the perceived alignment of the oblique lines and the perceived width of the central rectangle, respectively. The experiments demonstrated no changes that would support a misapplication of perceptual constancy in driving the illusion, despite some evidence of perceptual size rescaling of the central rectangle. In experiment 3, we presented Poggendorff stimuli in front and at the back of a corridor background rich in texture and linear perspective depth cues to determine if adding these cues would affect the Poggendorff illusion. The central rectangle was physically large and small when presented in front and at the back of the corridor, respectively. The strength of the Poggendorff illusion varied as a function of the physical size of the central rectangle, and, contrary to our predictions, the addition of pictorial depth cues in both the central rectangle and the background decreased rather than increased the strength of the illusion. The implications of these results with regards to different theories are discussed. It could be the case that the illusion depends on both low-level and cognitive mechanisms and that deleterious effects occur on the former when the latter ascribes more certainty to the oblique lines being the same line receding into the distance.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Effects of Adding Pictorial Depth Cues to the Poggendorff Illusion

Yildiz

Evans

Chouinard

2022

Vision

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“…The authors believe that, despite being classified as geometric illusions, the locus of brain response to interpret these images was not entirely the same, which illustrates the complexity of the visuo-spatial integration ( Axelrod et al, 2017 ). Several studies supported this understanding and advocated that the interpretation of illusory processing at the central level is complex and should not be attributed equally to all geometric illusions, in view of the different forms of presentation of visual stimuli and their context ( Cretenoud et al, 2019 , 2020 ; Yildiz et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For our research, we chose three classic geometric illusory images with robust illusion magnitude (the Vertical-Horizontal, the Brentano version of the Müller-Lyer illusion, and the Ponzo illusion). Geometric visual illusions form a heterogeneous group of two-dimensional figures that require complex central processing ( Ninio, 2014 ; Cretenoud et al, 2019 ) and high-level perceptual interactions (top-down regulation) with a predominant influence in contextual interpretive processing ( Yildiz et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of Geometric Illusory Visual Perception – A New Perspective in the Functional Evaluation of Children With Strabismus

Rohr

Isaac

Lima

et al. 2022

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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Despite the various perceptual-motor deficits documented in strabismus, there is a paucity of studies evaluating visual illusions in patients with strabismus. The aim of this study was to examine how the illusionary perception occurs in children/adolescents (10–15 years old) with strabismus with referral for surgery to correct ocular deviations. A controlled cross-sectional study was carried out in which 45 participants with strabismus and 62 healthy volunteers aged 10–15 years were evaluated. The behavioral response to three geometric illusions [Vertical-Horizontal illusion, Müller-Lyer illusion (Bretano version) and Ponzo illusion] and respective neutral stimuli (non-illusory images) regarding the estimation of image size and response time were measured using the Method of Adjustment. To analyze the influence of secondary factors: type of ocular deviation (convergent, divergent or associated with vertical deviation); amount of eye deviation; presence of amblyopia and stereopsis, a one-way ANOVA was performed. Among the tested illusions, children with strabismus showed greater susceptibility (p = 0.006) and response time (p = 0.004) to Ponzo’s illusory images. Children with strabismus and preserved stereopsis, on the other hand, showed similar susceptibility and response time to control group patients to the Ponzo illusion (p < 0.005). Patients with amblyopia showed overcorrection in the estimate of non-illusory Ponzo images (p = 0.046). Children with horizontal ocular deviation (esotropia or exotropia) associated with vertical deviation (hypertropia, DVD and/or alphabetical anisotropy) showed higher susceptibility to vertical adjustment images for the Müller-Lyer illusion (Brentano version) (p = 0.017). Individuals with strabismus tended to overcorrect the length of the straight-line segment adjusted for non-illusory images when testing non-illusory images in the Müller-Lyer test (Brentano version) (p = 0.009), as well as for the neutral images in the Vertical-Horizontal test (p = 0.000). The findings indicated impairment in the perception of geometric illusions and neutral figures, especially for the Ponzo illusion test by children with strabismus. As the behavioral response to illusory images may indirectly reflect the visual and morphofunctional alterations present in these individuals, we suggest that the investigation of visual illusory perception can be used as a new research strategy in the field of investigating the visual function in strabismus.

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Individual differences distinguish mechanisms underlying contextual size illusions

Schwarzkopf,

Yu,

Fischer

2024

Preprint

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Previous research suggests the magnitudes of the Ebbinghaus, Delboeuf, Ponzo, and tilt illusion all depend on the cortical distance between the neural representations of target stimuli and the surrounding context. However, several psychophysical studies found no compelling association between these illusions, calling this hypothesis into question. Here we ask if these discrepant reports could arise from methodological differences between these studies. We ran a battery of visual size illusion and basic discrimination tasks with carefully matched geometric properties, using a classical forced choice design. Ebbinghaus and Delboeuf illusion magnitudes are strongly correlated, consistent with the idea that they reflect the same underlying mechanism. Ponzo illusion magnitude also correlates with these two illusions, despite to a lesser extent, indicative that both shared and independent factors govern these illusions. Interestingly, the classical arrowhead version of the Mueller-Lyer illusion does not correlate with any of the other illusions or the ability to discriminate line length. This suggests that an altogether separate process underlies this perceptual effect. We further demonstrate that presenting stimuli briefly with central fixation critically affects measurements of the Ebbinghaus illusion. Taken together, our findings therefore highlight the importance of experimental parameters when probing relationships between perceptual effects and their links to neural processing.

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The conceptual understanding of depth rather than the low-level processing of spatial frequencies drives the corridor illusion

Cited by 5 publications

References 52 publications

The Effects of Adding Pictorial Depth Cues to the Poggendorff Illusion

The Effects of Adding Pictorial Depth Cues to the Poggendorff Illusion

Study of Geometric Illusory Visual Perception – A New Perspective in the Functional Evaluation of Children With Strabismus

Individual differences distinguish mechanisms underlying contextual size illusions

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