The Concept of Persistence as Applied to Metals for Aquatic Hazard Identification

Skeaff, J.M.; Dubreuil, Alain; Brigham, Sarah I.

doi:10.1897/1551-5028(2002)021<2581:tcopaa>2.0.co;2

Cited by 8 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Thus, Di define persistence as "a characteristic of a metal that is indicative of the constancy and duration of exposure of the available metal forms in a particular medium" -the emphasis is on the bioavailable metal form, not the total metal. Similarly, Skeaff et al (2002) suggest that persistence can only reasonably be determined based on the partition half-life of the bioavailable fraction of the total dissolved metal concentration determined in the laboratory under standardized conditions. SAB (2002) recommends stability and environmental residence time as more appropriate than persistence "for characterizing the temporal dynamics of metals" and also notes that, for metals, persistence may be protective rather than detrimental.…”

Section: Hazard Identificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conducting Ecological Risk Assessments of Inorganic Metals and Metalloids: Current Status

Chapman¹,

Wang

Janssen

et al. 2003

Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal

143

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Ecological risk assessment (ERA) of inorganic metals and metalloids (metals) must be specific to these substances and cannot be generic because most metals are naturally occurring, some are essential, speciation affects bioavailability, and bioavailability is determined by both external environmental conditions and organism physiological/biological characteristics. Key information required for ERA of metals includes: emissions, pathways, and movements in the environment (Do metals accumulate in biota above background concentrations?); the relationship between internal dose and/or external concentration (Are these metals bioreactive?); and the incidence and severity of any effects (Are bioreactive metals likely to result in adverse or, in the case of essential metals, beneficial effects?) -ground-truthed in contaminated areas by field observations. Specific requirements for metals ERA are delineated for each ERA component (Hazard Identification, Exposure Analysis, Effects Analysis, Risk Characterization), updating Chapman and Wang (2000). In addition, key specific information required for ERA is delineated by major information category (conceptual diagrams, bioavailability, predicted environmental concentration [PEC], predicted no effect concentration [PNEC], tolerance, application [uncertainty] factors, risk characterization) relative to three different tiered, iterative levels of ERA: Problem Formulation, Screening Level ERA (SLERA), and Detailed Level ERA (DLERA). Although data gaps remain, a great deal of progress has been made in the last three years, forming the basis for substantial improvements to ERA for metals.

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Section: Hazard Identificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conducting Ecological Risk Assessments of Inorganic Metals and Metalloids: Current Status

Chapman¹,

Wang

Janssen

et al. 2003

Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal

143

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Heavy metals are ubiquitous materials within the environment, which can originate from both natural as well as anthropogenic sources (Markert and Friese 2003). These pollutants require special attention in coastal areas due to their toxicity and persistence in the environment (Skeaff et al 2002). This concept is particularly important in those coastal environments, which include large industrial nuclei (such as Bahía Blanca estuary); consequently, a permanent input of pollutants occurs, which can produce a significant damage for the ecosystem .…”

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confidence: 99%

The role of the smooth cordgrass Spartina alterniflora and associated sediments in the heavy metal biogeochemical cycle within Bahía Blanca estuary salt marshes

et al. 2008

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Background, aim, and scope Bahía Blanca estuary is characterized by the occurrence of large intertidal areas, including both naked tidal flats and salt marshes densely vegetated with Spartina alterniflora. The estuary is strongly affected by human activities, including industrial and municipal discharges, harbor maintenance, cargo vessels and boat navigation, oil storage and processing, etc. Even numerous studies have reported the occurrence and distribution of heavy metals in sediments and biota from this estuary, although the function of the halophyte vegetation on metals distribution was at present not studied. The main objective of the present study was to understand the potential role of the salt marshes as a sink or source of metals to the estuary, considering both the obtained data on metal levels within sediments and plants from the studied areas at naked tidal as well as vegetated flats. Materials and methods The selected study area, named Villa del Mar, was located in the middle estuary coast. The sampling was carried out under low tide conditions, and the sampling area was divided into two parts: A (close to Villa del Mar) and B (north-westerly of Villa del Mar). In each part, two integrated samples of S. alterniflora (the first in the medium-salt marsh and the second in the higher one) were collected. Also sediments associated with the roots of S. alterniflora were taken at the same locations, in addition to another sediment sample from the naked zones of the tidal flats (without any vegetation). After corresponding treatment at the laboratory, plant and sediment samples were mineralized according to Marcovecchio and Ferrer, J Coast Res 21:826-834, 2005), in order to measure their metal concentrations by atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS). Analytical quality (AQ) was checked against certified reference materials from NIES, Tsukuba (Japan). Results Most of the Spartina samples have shown highest Cd and Mn concentrations in the aerated parts of the plants, indicating an allocation process from the roots up to the leaves. Most of the samples have presented non-detectable Pb and Cr values. Cu, Fe, Ni, and Zn have presented highest concentrations in the underground parts of the plant, suggesting an accumulation process in the roots and rhizomes. In the case of sediments, samples from those sites

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“…This can happen through larger scale resuspension events (e.g., currents, dredging, and other disturbances) or © 2019 The Authors wileyonlinelibrary.com/ETC µ FIGURE 3: Time series of dissolved copper data from the MELIMEX enclosure study (Gächter 1979). Data points are measured data from Gächter and Geiger (1979 Although some remobilization of copper was indicated in certain studies, Skeaff et al (2002) concluded that the net flux of metals was generally directed toward the sediment. Data from additional studies described in the Acid-volatile sulfide oxidation, Changes in redox conditions and the effect on bioavailability, and Resuspension events sections provide more insight into the potential remobilization of copper from sediments.…”

Section: Studies On Remobilization Of Copper From Sedimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Skeaff et al () proposed an approach to assessing metal "degradability" in the context of loss from the water column using metal "half‐times" (analogous to degradation half‐life) as a metric. This approach also considered the permanence of removal by looking at the extent of metal remobilization from sediment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Fate of Copper Added to Surface Water: Field, Laboratory, and Modeling Studies

Rader¹,

Carbonaro

Hullebusch

et al. 2019

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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The fate and effects of copper in the environment are governed by a complex set of environmental processes that include binding to inorganic and organic ligands in water, soil, and sediments. In natural waters, these interactions can limit copper bioavailability and result in copper transport from the water column to the sediment. In the present study, data on the fate of copper added to lakes, microcosms, and mesocosms were compiled and analyzed to determine copper removal rates from the water column. Studies on copper behavior in sediment were also reviewed to assess the potential for remobilization. A previously developed, screening‐level fate and transport model (tableau input coupled kinetic equilibrium transport–unit world model [TICKET–UWM]) was parameterized and applied to quantify copper removal rates and remobilization in a standardized lake setting. Field and modeling results were reconciled within a framework that links copper removal rates to lake depths and solids fluxes. The results of these analyses provide converging evidence that, on a large scale, copper is removed relatively quickly from natural waters. For the majority of studies examined, more than 70% of the added copper was removed from the water column within 16 d of dosing. This information may be useful in the context of environmental hazard and risk assessment of copper. Environ Toxicol Chem 2019;38:1386‒1399. © 2019 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of SETAC.

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The Concept of Persistence as Applied to Metals for Aquatic Hazard Identification

Cited by 8 publications

References 46 publications

Conducting Ecological Risk Assessments of Inorganic Metals and Metalloids: Current Status

Conducting Ecological Risk Assessments of Inorganic Metals and Metalloids: Current Status

The role of the smooth cordgrass Spartina alterniflora and associated sediments in the heavy metal biogeochemical cycle within Bahía Blanca estuary salt marshes

The Fate of Copper Added to Surface Water: Field, Laboratory, and Modeling Studies

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