The Concept of Bone Tissue in Osteichthyes

Meunier, François; Huysseune, Ann

doi:10.1163/156854291x00441

Cited by 59 publications

(103 citation statements)

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“…29 In fact, the lack of osteocytes (as well as the lacunocanalicular spaces) is the only fundamental difference between the bones of the majority of teleost fish species (particularly the more derived ones) and those of all tetrapods. 26,[30][31][32][33] The fact that there are many extant taxa of osteocytic ('cellular') boned fishes, offers a fantastic palette for comparing the role of bone cells in acellular and cellular bone, but also for investigating the effects of osteocyte loss on a phylogenetic scale (especially since acellularity evolved independently several times within fishes). 34 The evolution of acellular bone from cellular-boned ancestors, and the dominance of this character in advanced teleosts raise the intriguing possibility that a lack of osteocytes brings some functional advantage.…”

Section: Acellular Fish Bonementioning

confidence: 99%

The enigmas of bone without osteocytes

Shahar¹,

Dean²

2013

BoneKEy Reports

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One of the hallmarks of tetrapod bone is the presence of numerous cells (osteocytes) within the matrix. Osteocytes are vital components of tetrapod bone, orchestrating the processes of bone building, reshaping and repairing (modeling and remodeling), and probably also participating in calcium-phosphorus homeostasis via both the local process of osteocytic osteolysis, and systemic effect on the kidneys. Given these critical roles of osteocytes, it is thought-provoking that the entire skeleton of many fishes consists of bone material that does not contain osteocytes. This raises the intriguing question of how the skeleton of these animals accomplishes the various essential functions attributed to osteocytes in other vertebrates, and raises the possibility that in acellular bone some of these functions are either accomplished by non-osteocytic routes or not necessary at all. In this review, we outline evidence for and against the fact that primary functions normally ascribed to osteocytes, such as mechanosensation, regulation of osteoblast/clast activity and mineral metabolism, also occur in fish bone devoid of these cells, and therefore must be carried out through alternative and perhaps ancient pathways. To enable meaningful comparisons with mammalian bone, we suggest thorough, phylogenetic examinations of regulatory pathways, studies of structure and mechanical properties and surveys of the presence/absence of bone cells in fishes. Insights gained into the micro-/nanolevel structure and architecture of fish bone, its mechanical properties and its physiology in health and disease will contribute to the discipline of fish skeletal biology, but may also help answer questions of basic bone biology.

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Section: Acellular Fish Bonementioning

confidence: 99%

The enigmas of bone without osteocytes

Shahar¹,

Dean²

2013

BoneKEy Reports

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“…As with all other forms of connective tissue, bone and cartilage consist of specialised cells and a matrix. Bones are typically made up of three components (Meunier and François 1992;Meunier and Huysseune 1992): (1) bone cells (osteoblasts, osteocytes and osteoclasts); (2) extracellular organic material mainly consisting of collagen fibrils (type I); (3) a mineralised ground substance of proteoglycans and hydroxyapatite crystals, making the bone rigid and strong but brittle. Three kinds of bone tissue can be distinguished on the basis of the three-dimensional organisation of the fibrils: woven-fibred bone, parallel-fibred bone (=pseudo-lamellar bone) and lamellar bone (Meunier 1989;Meunier and François 1992).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Three kinds of bone tissue can be distinguished on the basis of the three-dimensional organisation of the fibrils: woven-fibred bone, parallel-fibred bone (=pseudo-lamellar bone) and lamellar bone (Meunier 1989;Meunier and François 1992). However, osteichthyans can lack trapped cells and/or mineral material, illustrating the expression of the great adaptive trends of bone in the various osteichthyan lineages (Meunier and Huysseune 1992). More than half of all teleost species have acellular bone, which has similar histological features to those of cellular bone, except that osteocytes are missing because the cells are not incorporated into the osseous matrix (Moss 1961(Moss , 1963.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…More than half of all teleost species have acellular bone, which has similar histological features to those of cellular bone, except that osteocytes are missing because the cells are not incorporated into the osseous matrix (Moss 1961(Moss , 1963. Moreover, bone is vascularised and is submitted to the processes of resorption and reconstruction (Meunier and Huysseune 1992).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another type of skeletal tissue is represented by chondroid bone in which chondrocyte-like cells are embedded in a mineralised bone-like matrix, giving the tissue an appearance intermediate between cartilage and bone (Huysseune and Sire 1990;Meunier and Huysseune 1992). Chondroid bone forms when dispersed chondrocyte-like cells, instead of retracting (as during the formation of acellular bone), become trapped in the bone-like matrix that they deposit (Huysseune 1986).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The rocker bone: a new kind of mineralised tissue?

et al. 2008

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In some Ophidiiform fishes, the anterior part of the swimbladder is thickened into a hard structure called the "rocker bone", which is thought to play a role in sound production. Although this structure has been described as cartilage or bone, its nature is still unknown. We have made a thorough analysis of the rocker bone in Ophidion barbatum and compared it with both classical bone and cartilage. The rocker bone appears to be a new example of mineralisation. It consists of (1) a ground substance mainly composed of proteoglycans (mucopolysaccharide acid) and fibres and (2) a matrix containing small mineralised spherules composed of a bioapatite and fibrils. These spherules are embedded in mineralised cement of a similar composition to the spherules themselves. The rocker bone grows via the apposition of new apatite spherules at its periphery. These spherules are first secreted by the innermost fibroblast layer of the capsule contained in the rocker bone and then grow extracellularly. Blood vessels, which represent the only means of transport for matrix and mineral material, are numerous. They enter the rocker bone via the hyle and ramify towards the capsule. We propose to call this new kind of mineralised tissue constituting the rocker bone "frigolite" (the Belgian name for styrofoam) in reference to the presence of spherules of different sizes and the peculiarity of the rocker bone in presenting a smooth surface when fractured.

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Ontogeny of the osteocranium in the African catfish,Clarias gariepinus Burchell (1822) (Siluriformes: Clariidae): Ossification sequence as a response to functional demands

Adriaens

Verraes

1998

J. Morphol.

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The Concept of Bone Tissue in Osteichthyes

Cited by 59 publications

References 0 publications

The enigmas of bone without osteocytes

The enigmas of bone without osteocytes

The rocker bone: a new kind of mineralised tissue?

Ontogeny of the osteocranium in the African catfish,Clarias gariepinus Burchell (1822) (Siluriformes: Clariidae): Ossification sequence as a response to functional demands

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