The Concept for the Development of Biogas as Renewable Energy in Rural Indonesia

Abstract

Indonesia policy in Presidential Regulation No. 5 of 2006 on National Energy Management 2006-2025 states that one of its tasks is the ethical and sustainable management of energy, including the maintenance of environmental functions and increasing the role of new and renewable energy to 5% by 2025. In response to this problem, an effort is needed to meet the Indonesian people's energy needs. One of the programs of the Indonesian government is the implementation of an energy-independent village program. Jimbaran Village is one of the villages that have the potential to develop into an Energy Independent Village. The majority of Jimbaran Village residents work as cattle breeders, i.e., 1,663 families. The average farmer in Jimbaran Village has 3-4 cows/family heads with a total of 5,976 dairy cows. However, of the many existing breeders, no one has processed cow waste into biogas, which is a source of renewable energy. Animal waste may also be used to develop the clove and coffee plantation sector when processed into compost. Livestock waste is only dumped into sewers or human yards, so the environment is very polluting. It is, therefore, necessary to process livestock waste into biogas or compost. The analysis technique used in calculating the plan for the production of communal biogas is the analysis of supply, demand, and energy performance. Based on the calculation of the energy performance, it can be seen that the energy performance is more than 100 percent, which means that there is an excess of energy generated by existing biogas. Excessive energy can be allocated to other energy needs, such as electricity so that people can convert their current source of electrical energy from PLN to biogas.

Potential of Rural Biogas from Cow Fecal Waste and Implementation of Sociopreneurship-Based Energy-Independent Village

“…There are previous studies that use biogas utilization as a source of EBT. In the research of Jimbaran Village as an energy independent village, it also processes cow fecal waste into biogas which is allocated to fulfill community energy needs such as electrical energy which can convert its electrical energy from PLN to biogas, so that people can switch to using biogas as a substitute for natural gas (Nugraha et al, 2021). In addition, in other countries such as the Bangladesh has also introduced biogas in 2001 as a technology to produce renewable energy with the aim of reducing environmental problems and increasing people's income, through the sale of biogas and fertilizer from biogas production waste (Hnyine et al, 2015).…”

Livestock waste as alternative energy for rural households: A review

“…Livestock waste increases global warming from animal manure and extraction [5]. Livestock waste can be used as organic fertilizer or an alternative energy source, biogas [6,7], to reduce global warming.…”