The Concentrations of Some Enzymes of the Citric Acid Cycle and Electron Transport System in the Large Granule Fraction of Eggs and Trochophores of the Oyster, Crassostrea Virginica

Black, Robert E.

doi:10.2307/1539503

Cited by 13 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 9 publications

(16 reference statements)

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“…As a catalyst of the TCA cycle, cytoplasmic aconitate hydratase is upregulated during spermatogenesis in C. gigas and downregulated during spermatogenesis in P. maximus , with differing consequences for energy metabolism [ 43 , 44 ]. Early examination of C. virginia found cytoplasmic aconitate hydratase localized to eggs, with enzyme activity increasing during embryogenesis [ 45 ]. Therefore, it’s possible cytoplasmic aconitate hydratase may regulate energy metabolism during oogenesis as well.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential DNA methylation in Pacific oyster reproductive tissue in response to ocean acidification

2022

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Background There is a need to investigate mechanisms of phenotypic plasticity in marine invertebrates as negative effects of climate change, like ocean acidification, are experienced by coastal ecosystems. Environmentally-induced changes to the methylome may regulate gene expression, but methylome responses can be species- and tissue-specific. Tissue-specificity has implications for gonad tissue, as gonad-specific methylation patterns may be inherited by offspring. We used the Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) — a model for understanding pH impacts on bivalve molecular physiology due to its genomic resources and importance in global aquaculture— to assess how low pH could impact the gonad methylome. Oysters were exposed to either low pH (7.31 ± 0.02) or ambient pH (7.82 ± 0.02) conditions for 7 weeks. Whole genome bisulfite sequencing was used to identify methylated regions in female oyster gonad samples. C- > T single nucleotide polymorphisms were identified and removed to ensure accurate methylation characterization. Results Analysis of gonad methylomes revealed a total of 1284 differentially methylated loci (DML) found primarily in genes, with several genes containing multiple DML. Gene ontologies for genes containing DML were involved in development and stress response, suggesting methylation may promote gonad growth homeostasis in low pH conditions. Additionally, several of these genes were associated with cytoskeletal structure regulation, metabolism, and protein ubiquitination — commonly-observed responses to ocean acidification. Comparison of these DML with other Crassostrea spp. exposed to ocean acidification demonstrates that similar pathways, but not identical genes, are impacted by methylation. Conclusions Our work suggests DNA methylation may have a regulatory role in gonad and larval development, which would shape adult and offspring responses to low pH stress. Combined with existing molluscan methylome research, our work further supports the need for tissue- and species-specific studies to understand the potential regulatory role of DNA methylation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential DNA methylation in Pacific oyster reproductive tissue in response to ocean acidification

2022

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“…As a catalyst of the TCA cycle, cytoplasmic aconitate hydratase is upregulated during spermatogenesis in C. gigas and downregulated during spermatogenesis in P. maximus , with differing consequences for energy metabolism [58, 59]. Early examination of C. virginia found cytoplasmic aconitate hydratase localized to eggs, with enzyme activity increasing during embryogenesis [60]. Therefore, it’s possible cytoplasmic aconitate hydratase may regulate energy metabolism during oogenesis as well.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential DNA methylation in Pacific oyster reproductive tissue in response to ocean acidification

Venkataraman

White

Roberts

2022

Preprint

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Background: There is a need to investigate mechanisms of phenotypic plasticity in marine invertebrates as negative effects of climate change are experienced by coastal ecosystems. Environmentally-induced changes to the methylome can regulate gene expression, but methylome responses may be tissue- and species-specific. To assess how ocean acidification affects the Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) epigenome, we exposed oysters to either low pH (7.31 ± 0.02) or ambient pH (7.82 ± 0.02) conditions for seven weeks. Whole genome bisulfite sequencing was used to identify methylated regions in female oyster gonad samples. C->T single nucleotide polymorphisms were identified and removed to ensure accurate methylation characterization. Results: Analysis of gonad methylomes revealed a total of 1,284 differentially methylated loci (DML) found primarily in genes, with several genes containing multiple DML. Gene ontologies for genes containing DML were involved in development and stress response, suggesting methylation may promote gonad growth homeostasis in low pH conditions. Additionally, several of these genes were associated with cytoskeletal structure regulation, metabolism, and protein ubiquitination: commonly-observed responses to ocean acidification. Comparison of these DML with other Crassostrea spp. exposed to ocean acidification demonstrates that similar pathways, but not identical genes, are impacted by methylation. Conclusions: Our work suggests DNA methylation may have a regulatory role in gonad and larval development. Combined with existing molluscan methylome research, our work further supports the need for tissue- and species-specific studies to understand the potential regulatory role of DNA methylation.

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Preparation and some respiratory properties of coupled mitochondria from ribbed mussel (Modiolus demissus) gill tissue

1984

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Preliminary experiments with 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP), 2,4,6-trinitrophenol (TNP), and sodium azide (NaN3) indicated that most of the oxygen consumption by ribbed mussel gill tissue is the result of mitochondrial respiration. A procedure utilizing isoosmotic sucrose, EGTA, defatted serum albumin, and HEPES as the isolation medium was devised for the preparation of fully coupled ribbed mussel gill mitochondria. Optimal rates of respiration and respiratory coupling required substrate, ADP, inorganic phosphate, and a fairly high KC1 concentration (90 mM) in the assay medium. Glutamate, proline, malate, and succinate stimulated oxygen consumption with high respiratory control indices and Pi0 of 3, 3, 3 and 2, respectively. Pyruvate was a weak stimulator of mitochondrial respiration and showed a low respiratory control index with a low P/O. Preparation of gill mitochondria in isoosmotic solutions containing high KC1 concentrations (150 mM) yielded mitochondria showing state 2 respiration, slow partially uncoupled ATP synthesis during state 3 respiration and no state 4 respiration. D-mannitol was not used in the mitochondrial isolation or assay medium because of the probable presence of a D-mannitol oxidase in these gill mitochondria.

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The Concentrations of Some Enzymes of the Citric Acid Cycle and Electron Transport System in the Large Granule Fraction of Eggs and Trochophores of the Oyster, Crassostrea Virginica

Cited by 13 publications

References 9 publications

Differential DNA methylation in Pacific oyster reproductive tissue in response to ocean acidification

Differential DNA methylation in Pacific oyster reproductive tissue in response to ocean acidification

Differential DNA methylation in Pacific oyster reproductive tissue in response to ocean acidification

Preparation and some respiratory properties of coupled mitochondria from ribbed mussel (Modiolus demissus) gill tissue

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