The concentrations of methaemoglobin, carboxyhaemoglobin and some haematological parameters in tobacco snuff addicts in Igbo of Nigeria

Ureme, Samuel; Ibeagha, I.D; Maduka, I.G; Ibeagbulam, O.G

doi:10.4314/njps.v22i1-2.54890

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Our data did not show any significant changes in hematocrit between the control group and those administered with doses of tobacco snuff. Scientific literatures suggest that users of smokeless tobacco are similar to non-tobacco users in terms of levels of hematocrit [18,19]. In contrast, a decrease in hematocrit has been previously observed in Wistar rats after administering sub-lethal doses of tobacco leaf extracts [11].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of sub-lethal doses of smokeless tobacco (snuff) on certain hematological and hemostatic parameters in Wistar rats

Ukoha¹,

Dimkpa²,

Maduka³

2012

J Exp Integr Med

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Objective: We investigated the effect of sub-lethal concentrations of orogastrically-administered tobacco on some hematological and hemostatic parameters of Wistar rats. Methods: Twenty young male Wistar rats with weights between 170-220 g were used for the study. The oral LD50 for the tobacco snuff concentration was determined as 10 mg per 200 g rat body weight. The control group A was given 1 ml of distilled water, while the experimental groups (B, C, D) were administered with tobacco snuff concentrations of 4 mg, 6 mg, and 8mg per 200 g body weight, respectively, through an oral route with the aid of orogastric tube for 6 weeks. Blood samples were collected to estimate hematocrit; red blood cell (RBC), white blood cell (WBC), and platelet counts; bleeding time and blood clotting time. Results: When compared with the control group, our data indicated significantly higher total WBC in groups C and D (P<0.05 and P<0.001, respectively); lower RBC in group D (P<0.05); lower platelet counts in all the experimental groups (P<0.001); and higher blood clotting time in groups C and D (P<0.05 and P<0.001, respectively). However, no significant effects of snuff consumption were observed on the experimental groups with regard to hematocrit and bleeding time. Conclusion: Our findings indicated that chronic tobacco consumption at higher sub-lethal levels may put the body at some risk of adverse hematological and hemostatic conditions. [J Exp Integr Med 2012; 2(3.000): 225-230

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of sub-lethal doses of smokeless tobacco (snuff) on certain hematological and hemostatic parameters in Wistar rats

Ukoha¹,

Dimkpa²,

Maduka³

2012

J Exp Integr Med

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“…It had earlier been documented that there were no adverse effects on erythropoiesis and hemoglobin metabolism in snuff addicts among Igbos of Nigeria. [17] In this report, the hematological parameters did not vary significantly when compared with those of controls. These imply that the habit of snuffing tobacco may not affect erythropoiesis, myelopoiesis, and thrombopoiesis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 39%

Plasma concentration of ascorbic acid and some hematological parameters in tobacco snuffers among the Igbos of Southeastern Nigeria

Njoku

Ejezie

et al. 2012

Ann Med Health Sci Res

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Background:Tobacco snuffing, like cigarette smoking, is known to be a common habit among the adults of Igbo communities in Nigeria. In view of the various pharmacological actions of nicotine and other additive constituents of tobacco snuff, there is growing concern that ascorbic acid, which is a vital antioxidant, and blood cell production or morphology may be affected.Objective:To investigate the possible effects of prolonged use of tobacco snuff on plasma ascorbic acid concentrations and some hematological parameters.Materials and Methods:Fifty adults of Igbo extraction (35 males and 15 females) residents in and around Enugu metropolis, who have been snuffing tobacco for 6 years and above, were recruited for the study, after they gave informed consent. Also, 50 apparently healthy, age-matched persons (25 males, 25 females), who do not smoke or take tobacco snuff, served as controls. Spectrophotometric method was adopted for ascorbic acid determination while hematological profiles were assessed by Bain method.Results:The results showed no significant difference in the measured parameters relative to the controls AA (P=0.08); Hb (P=0.19); PCV (P=0.10); RC (P=0.06); PC (P=0.20); WBC (P=0.09).Conclusion:The results of the study suggest that tobacco snuff inhalation may not adversely affect plasma ascorbic acid concentration and hematological parameters in adult humans. The study, however, has not concluded that tobacco snuffing is totally wholesome.

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“…Moreover, the two different forms of smokeless tobacco are tobacco snuff and chewing tobacco 4 , although the most popular brand in Nigeria is tobacco snuff. Tobacco snuff is the powdered form with potash as the main additive [5][6][7] and due to the form, it is seen as the replacement for nicotine as cigarette contains known hazardous elements 8 and many believed it is not dangerous. However, addiction to nicotine and leukoplakia has been induced by smokeless tobacco 9 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tobacco Snuff-Induced Hepatic Alterations

Ugbor¹,

Okoeguale²,

Nwobodo³

et al. 2023

J. of Pharmacology and Toxicology

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Background and Objective: Tobacco snuff in Nigeria is the blended dried tobacco left with potash. This substance has been proven to cause systemic distortions and its consumption is unhealthy, thus tobacco snuff-induced hepatic alterations were investigated. Materials and Methods: In this study (8 weeks), liver histological changes were investigated after tobacco snuff ingestion. Forty-two experimental animals (Wister rats) were involved and they were divided into groups A (control), group B (test group 1), C (test group 2) and D (test group 3). The test groups were further divided into four groups receiving 2.4, 4.8 and 7.2 g graded doses of tobacco snuff for the experimental duration of 8 weeks. The experimental duration was phased into 2 weeks and at the end of each 2 weeks, liver organs were harvested for analysis. Results: Hepatic tissue damage was observed through examination of the stained paraffin-embedded sections. Edematous changes with parenchymal erosion as well as cellular necrosis, vacuolations, hemorrhagic exudations, inflammatory cellular infiltration, severe cellular infiltration, cellular degeneration and distortions of parenchymal tissue architecture were observed among the experimental animals. Conclusion: The present results showed that tobacco snuff is capable of inducing severe liver damage and the observed damages were dose and duration-dependent.

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The concentrations of methaemoglobin, carboxyhaemoglobin and some haematological parameters in tobacco snuff addicts in Igbo of Nigeria

Cited by 9 publications

References 11 publications

The effects of sub-lethal doses of smokeless tobacco (snuff) on certain hematological and hemostatic parameters in Wistar rats

The effects of sub-lethal doses of smokeless tobacco (snuff) on certain hematological and hemostatic parameters in Wistar rats

Plasma concentration of ascorbic acid and some hematological parameters in tobacco snuffers among the Igbos of Southeastern Nigeria

Tobacco Snuff-Induced Hepatic Alterations

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