The concentrations of culturable microorganisms in relation to particulate matter in urban air

Haas, Doris; Galler, Herbert; Luxner, Josefa; Zarfel, Gernot; Buzina, Walter; Friedl, Herwig; Marth, Egon; Habib, Juliana; Reinthaler, Franz F.

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2012.10.031

Cited by 116 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Alternatively, the results are compared with the guidelines from researchers and institutions studying this issue (Chmiel et al 2015). The time of year as well as meteorological and environmental factors play an important role in the release and distribution of particulate matter and microorganisms in the air (Haas et al 2013). The concentration of microorganisms in the air samples collected from the investigated sewage treatment plant varied and depended on the season, weather, and sampling site.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial air contamination on the premises of the sewage treatment plant in Bydgoszcz (Poland) and antibiotic resistance of Staphylococcus spp.

Małecka-Adamowicz

Donderski

Kolet

2017

Archives of Environmental Protection

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Abstract:The study was aimed at evaluating microbial contamination on the premises of the sewage treatment plant by determining the concentrations of selected groups of airborne microorganisms. Another objective was to determine the antibiotic sensitivity patterns of isolated strains of staphylococci. The research was conducted in a seasonal cycle, by the impaction method using Merck MAS-100 air sampler. Samples were collected at six sites, each representing a different stage of sewage treatment. The susceptibility of isolated staphylococci was assessed with the disc-diffusion method, following the recommendations of the EUCAST. The results indicate that the microbial population in the air of the investigated area was dominated by mold fungi, whose highest average concentration was recorded at site IV located near the fi nal clarifi er ). Heterotrophic bacteria and mannitol-positive staphylococci were the most numerous at locations where sewage undergoes primary treatment. In each subseuqent stage the number of microorganisms emitted into the air from the sewage was lower. Antibiograms show that more than 50% of Staphylococcus spp. exhibited resistance to penicillin and 20% to rifampicin. In addition, 90% of the analyzed strains were sensitive to other antibiotics. The fungal community included the following genera: Cladosporium, Fusarium, Alternaria, Penicillium, Aspergillus, Aureobasidium, and Acremonium.The highest air contamination with all studied groups of microorganisms was recorded at the locations where mechanical sewage treatment was performed. During the subsequent stages lower numbers of heterotrophic bacteria were emitted into the air.The air in the investigated sewage treatment plant did not contain multidrug-resistant staphylococci.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial air contamination on the premises of the sewage treatment plant in Bydgoszcz (Poland) and antibiotic resistance of Staphylococcus spp.

Małecka-Adamowicz

Donderski

Kolet

2017

Archives of Environmental Protection

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“…Several studies have detected varying concentrations of endotoxins in both PM with aerodynamic diameters ≤ 10 µm (PM 10 ) and ≤ 2.5 µm (PM 2.5 ). The varying results reported in various studies could be due to the varying sampling methods, meteorological factors, seasons, and potential spatiotemporal variations (Morgenstern et al, 2005;Nilsson et al, 2011;Cheng et al, 2012;Haas et al, 2013;Bari et al, 2014). However, certain studies have not reported significant associations between the concentrations of endotoxins and PM by using multiple regression analyses (Menetrez et al, 2007;Degobbi et al, 2011;Strak et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, outdoor exposure is also crucial. Studies have indicated that bacterial and endotoxin concentrations vary among different types of outdoor environment, with considerable seasonal variations as well (Mueller-Anneling et al, 2004;Morgenstern et al, 2005;Bowers et al, 2010;Tager et al, 2010;Jeon et al, 2011;Bowers et al, 2012;Haas et al, 2013;Woo et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatiotemporal Distributions and Land-Use Regression Models of Ambient Bacteria and Endotoxins in the Greater Taipei Area

Kallawicha

Lung

Chuang

et al. 2015

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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Ambient bacteria and endotoxins are components of bioaerosols, which are abundant in ambient air. Exposure to ambient bacteria and endotoxins has been associated with respiratory symptoms. We monitored the spatiotemporal distributions of ambient bioaerosols in the Greater Taipei area by using multisite sampling and developed regression models for ambient bacterial and endotoxin concentrations. Forty-four representative sampling sites were selected from the Greater Taipei area. Samples were collected in 4 seasons throughout a 1-y study period. Ambient bacteria were quantified using acridine orange staining, and endotoxins were analyzed using Limulus amebocyte lysate assays. Land-use types and major determinants of the bioaerosols were used to develop regression models. Ambient bacteria ranged from < limit of detection (LOD) to 1.68 × 10 5 cells/m 3 , whereas endotoxins ranged from < LOD to 20.62 EU/m 3 . Significant seasonal variations were observed for both bioaerosols, with the highest concentrations observed in spring. Regression analyses revealed temperature, relative humidity, and particulate matter as the major predictors of ambient bacteria and endotoxins. No land-use type was correlated with any of the bioaerosols. The number of schools and gas stations was positively associated with both bioaerosols. The leave-one-out cross-validation R 2 of the final models for ambient bacteria and endotoxins were 0.11 and 0.31, respectively. The results of this study revealed high spatiotemporal variations in the distributions of ambient bacteria and endotoxins in the Greater Taipei area. Additional potential predictors should be included in future studies to develop better predictive models for ambient bacteria and endotoxins.

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“…The above differences in fungal taxonomy between the GD and other sample groups resulted in different fungal community structure. Several earlier studies (Fröhlich-Nowoisky et al, 2009;Haas et al, 2013;Dannemiller et al, 2014;Oh et al, 2014;Li et al, 2015;Yan et al, 2016) have usually reported less than five fungal genera that were more than 1% abundant, but their categories varied across different studies. These could be related to different emission sources of fungal spores at different research sites.…”

Section: Impact Of Emission Control and Air Quality Levels On The Funmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, few studies have explored the biological fraction of PM 2.5 including bacteria, fungi, pollen, viruses, spores, and cell debris (Cao et al, 2014;Li et al, 2015;Yan et al, 2016;Gao et al, 2017). The identification of bacteria and fungi in aerosol particles through culture-based methods and clone library sequencing has been documented (Stoeck et al, 2007;Fahlgren et al, 2010;Haas et al, 2013Haas et al, , 2014Tarigan et al, 2017), but these results do not realistically reflect the microbial community composition and diversity due to the limitation of cultivatable microorganisms and number of constructed clones in an aerosol sample (Amann et al, 1995;Nocker et al, 2007). Particulate matters of biological origin may contribute 15% to 30% of the total aerosol particles in the atmosphere (Matthias-Maser et al, 1995;Ruprecht, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variation of Bacterial and Fungal Community Structures in PM2.5 Collected during the 2014 APEC Summit Periods

Lù

et al. 2018

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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The biological fraction of PM 2.5 is considered to be a major cause of various allergies and respiratory diseases. Nonetheless, differences in bacterial and fungal communities in PM 2.5 under different air quality conditions are not well known. In the present study, we collected PM 2.5 samples from October 15, 2014 to November 12, 2014 when several successive "AsiaPacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) blue" days were recorded, following the implementation of strict emission control measures to ensure the APEC summit held during November 5-11, 2014 in Beijing. This study analyzed bacteria and fungi in PM 2.5 samples through rRNA gene high-throughput sequencing. In total, 690 genera of bacteria and 229 genera of fungi were detected. The variations of species richness and community diversity of bacteria and fungi in PM 2.5 were not affected significantly by the emission control measures adopted during the summit and different air quality levels. The bacterial and fungal community structures in PM 2.5 collected during the summit exhibited over 83.7% and 79.6% similarities respectively, with PM 2.5 collected from air graded as "good" quality (AQI ≤ 100) before the APEC summit. Bacteria and fungi in PM 2.5 samples collected at AQI levels between 101-200 and 201-300 before the APEC summit had more than 73.4% and 76.3% community structure similarity, respectively, with PM 2.5 samples collected at AQI ≤ 100. The difference between day and night PM 2.5 samples was very small for bacterial and fungal community structures. Furthermore, most of the inhalable bacteria and fungi were nonpathogenic and no a clear relationship between air quality levels and pathogens was observed. Our results showed that bacteria and fungi in PM 2.5 were less affected by emission control measures and different air quality levels. However, due to the limited number of samples, the relationship between air pollution levels and airborne bacteria and fungi still needs further study.

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The concentrations of culturable microorganisms in relation to particulate matter in urban air

Cited by 116 publications

References 48 publications

Microbial air contamination on the premises of the sewage treatment plant in Bydgoszcz (Poland) and antibiotic resistance of Staphylococcus spp.

Microbial air contamination on the premises of the sewage treatment plant in Bydgoszcz (Poland) and antibiotic resistance of Staphylococcus spp.

Spatiotemporal Distributions and Land-Use Regression Models of Ambient Bacteria and Endotoxins in the Greater Taipei Area

Variation of Bacterial and Fungal Community Structures in PM2.5 Collected during the 2014 APEC Summit Periods

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