The computing platelet: integrating environmental cues

Neelamegham, Sriram

doi:10.1182/blood-2012-05-426007

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Not only miRNA but transcription factors and mitochondria are conveyed to such cells as neutrophils, mediated by 12-lipoxygenase and phospholipase A2-IIA (40). Thus, platelets have proven to be “intelligent” even in the absence of a nucleus: a platelet's ability to interact with their environment and efficiently respond to the needs of that environment, has marked them as far more complex than previously thought (41).…”

Section: Platelets: a Nucleus-free Zonementioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Platelet Mitochondria: Life in a Nucleus-Free Zone

Melchinger

Jain

Tyagi

et al. 2019

Front. Cardiovasc. Med.

141

118

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Platelets are abundant, small, anucleate circulating cells, serving many emerging pathophysiological roles beyond hemostasis; including active critical roles in thrombosis, injury response, and immunoregulation. In the absence of genomic DNA transcriptional regulation (no nucleus), platelets require strategic prepackaging of all the needed RNA and organelles from megakaryocytes, to sense stress (e.g., hyperglycemia), to protect themselves from stress (e.g., mitophagy), and to communicate a stress response to other cells (e.g., granule and microparticle release). Distinct from avian thrombocytes that have a nucleus, the absence of a nucleus allows the mammalian platelet to maintain its small size, permits morphological flexibility, and may improve speed and efficiency of protein expression in response to stress. In the absence of a nucleus, platelet lifespan of 7–10 days, is largely determined by the mitochondria. The packaging of 5–8 mitochondria is critical in aerobic respiration and yielding metabolic substrates needed for function and survival. Mitochondria damage or dysfunction, as observed with several disease processes, results in greatly attenuated platelet survival and increased risk for thrombovascular events. Here we provide insights into the emerging roles of platelets despite the lack of a nucleus, and the key role played by mitochondria in platelet function and survival both in health and disease.

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Section: Platelets: a Nucleus-free Zonementioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Platelet Mitochondria: Life in a Nucleus-Free Zone

Melchinger

Jain

Tyagi

et al. 2019

Front. Cardiovasc. Med.

141

118

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Це дозволяє обгрунтувати перспетиви подальших досліджень характеру впливу гіпокінезії на еритроцитарно-тромбоцитарний та біохімічний компоненти гемостазу, фібриноліз, реакцію безперервного внутрішньосудинного згортання крові та оцінити можливість корекції гемостатичних зрушень фізичним навантаженням у перспективі подальших досліджень. Установлені нами підвищення концентрації продуктів перекисного окиснення ліпідів та окисної модифікації білків узгоджуються з даними наукової літератури (Neelamegham, 2012;Juravlyova et al, 2016;Krause, 2016) і свідчать про їх вплив на структурну перебудову клітинного компонента системи гемостазу. При цьому зміна біохімічного складу крові за рахунок підвищення рівня креатиніну свідчить про посилений розпад м'язової тканини в умовах тривалої гіпокінезії (Stogov, 2009) і тісно корелює зі змінами еритроцитарно-тромбоцитарного гемостазу.…”

Section: а бunclassified

Mechanism of damage to platelet and erythrocyte hemostasis in rats with prolonged hypokinesia

Pоpеl

Kryzаnivskaya

Zhurakivskyi

et al. 2017

Regul. Mech. Biosyst.

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The aim of the study was to determine the morphological changes in the cellular elements of blood in rats of different ages under conditions of prolonged hypokinesia. Research into the structural and functional properties of platelets and erythrocytes was carried out by electron microscope and by biochemical methods in 90 mature male rats aged 2, 12 and 24 months. We found that in young (2 month animals) there was a significant increase in the relative content of activated platelets while the normal content of aggregated and degranulated forms with the appearance of single platelets was maintained with an imbalance of alpha and delta granules. In 12-month-old animals, platelet hemostasis disorders were manifested by a significant increase in the relative content of activated platelets (by 125.8–134.7%) with an increase in aggregated and degranulated forms, the appearance of numerous platelets with an imbalance of alpha- and delta-granules, and reduction of mitochondria (by 24.9–27.8%). In 24 month old animals there was a sharp violation of platelet hemostasis due to a significant increase in the content of activated, degranulated and aggregated platelets, the release of the majority of granules, the development of intravascular platelet hyperactivation, an increase in the number of reversible and irreversibly transformed erythrocytes, an increase in the level of aggregation, in particular the appearance of complex cellular aggregates and bizarre forms of red blood cells. The greatest degree of manifestation of morpho-functional changes was revealed in animals aged 24 months, with relative stability of the hemostasis system in 2 and 12 month old animals. Our results showed that irrespective of age, the degree of disturbance of platelet-erythrocyte hemostasis rose as the period of hypokinesia increased and also depended on the increase in the level of serum creatinine. Taken together, intravascular platelet hyperactivation, an imbalance in the content of all types of granules, the transformation of surface cytoarchitectonics of erythrocytes, and the formation of platelet aggregates may play the role of an early predictor of the development of hypokinetic disease

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The computing platelet: integrating environmental cues

Cited by 2 publications

References 11 publications

Role of Platelet Mitochondria: Life in a Nucleus-Free Zone

Role of Platelet Mitochondria: Life in a Nucleus-Free Zone

Mechanism of damage to platelet and erythrocyte hemostasis in rats with prolonged hypokinesia

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