The Compromises of Printing Organic Electronics: A Case Study of Gravure‐Printed Light‐Emitting Electrochemical Cells

Hernandez‐Sosa, Gerardo; Tekoglu, Serpil; Stolz, Sebastian; Eckstein, Ralph; Teusch, Claudia; Trapp, Jannik; Lemmer, Uli; Hamburger, Manuel; Mechau, Norman

doi:10.1002/adma.201305541

Cited by 81 publications

(87 citation statements)

References 34 publications

(37 reference statements)

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“…The final printing quality is determined by how these sub-processes are approaching the ideality [12] and this is very important in the case of the optoelectronics and in particular of the OLEDs: any possible defects can generate non-uniform emission or, in the worst case, short circuits due to the pinholes [13,14]. Therefore, the printed layers should be defect-free, uniform and homogeneous with very controlled thicknesses [6][7][8]15]; very low roughness is also a crucial feature since the morphology of the previous printed layers can influence the properties of the successive layers [14]. In order to further improve the quality of the produced layer with the aim to prove it as anode into an OLED, increasing the printing speed was here tried without changing ink (viscosity, solvent) and other process parameters (cells geometry, nip pressure), looking for the optimal conditions of the ink transfer step [12,[15][16][17].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…De Girolamo Del Mauro, S. Aprano, M. G. Maglione, C. Minarini printing for the production of the optoelectronics is very limited mainly due to the serious difficulties in the formulation of low viscosity inks able to form layers with suitable characteristics. The few manuscripts on the employment of the gravure printing in the production of OLEDs are typically confined to the deposition of the polymeric Hole Injection Layer (HIL) and/or of the emitting layer [3,4,[6][7][8]. Up to date, the most investigated OLED devices are based on the rigid glass substrate and on the brittle and expensive Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) as transparent electrode [4], while the research is focusing on flexible devices and on the substitution of ITO with other conductive materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gravure printed PEDOT:PSS as anode for flexible ITO-free organic light emitting diodes

Montanino¹,

Sico²,

Prontera³

et al. 2017

Express Polym. Lett.

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Abstract. Roll-to-roll gravure printing is considered as potential leading manufacturing technology for flexible, low cost and large area optoelectronics. However, solution processed multilayer organic electronics are still challenging to be produced, especially in the case of electrodes. In this work, the gravure printing technique was successfully employed to realize the highly conductive poly(3,4ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) polymeric anode and tested for the first time in flexible ITO-free (Indium Thin Oxide) organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs). The device performances were found to be similar to those of a reference device containing a spin-coated polymeric anode. A gravure printed dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) post-treatment was successfully tried to improve the printed anode characteristics. The obtained results show the way for future development for processing flexible ITO-free devices using the most attractive printing technology for roll-to-roll large area manufacturing.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gravure printed PEDOT:PSS as anode for flexible ITO-free organic light emitting diodes

Montanino¹,

Sico²,

Prontera³

et al. 2017

Express Polym. Lett.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Pei and co-workers later demonstrated ambient-air fabrication of LEC devices through sequential blade-coating of an active-material ink and an Ag paste (the cathode) on top of a carbon nanotube/Ag-nanowire bilayer anode [67]. The fastest deposition of an LEC layer to date has, however, been executed by Hernandez-Sosa and collaborators, who gravure printed the active layer of an LEC at an impressive speed of 1 m/s [68].…”

Section: Fabrication: Cost-efficient Processing Of Functional and Novmentioning

confidence: 97%

Light-Emitting Electrochemical Cells: A Review on Recent Progress

2016

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The light-emitting electrochemical cell (LEC) is an area-emitting device, which features a complex turn-on process that ends with the formation of a p-n junction doping structure within the active material. This in-situ doping transformation is attractive in that it promises to pave the way for an unprecedented low-cost fabrication of thin and light-weight devices that present efficient light emission at low applied voltage. In this review, we present recent insights regarding the operational mechanism, breakthroughs in the development of scalable and adaptable solution-based methods for cost-efficient fabrication, and successful efforts toward the realization of LEC devices with improved efficiency and stability.

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“…The most commonly used transparent electrode is indium tin oxide (ITO), due to its high conductivity for ensuring high performance as well as high transparency for efficient light penetration [72][73][74]. Although, flexible ITO-based devices such as OSCs [74,75], OLEDs [76,77] and OLECs [78,79] are reported, the intrinsic brittleness of ITO limits the further improvement of their flexibility for various applications. Therefore, it is essential to develop transparent, flexible, and conductive (TFC) electrodes to fabricate the ultraflexible organic optoelectronic devices.…”

Section: Design Of Flexible Electrodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thin-film organic semiconductor devices: from flexibility to ultraflexibility

Qian

Zhang

et al. 2016

Sci. China Mater.

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Flexible thin-film organic semiconductor devices have received wide attention due to favorable properties such as light-weight, flexibility, reproducible semiconductor resources, easy tuning of functional properties via molecular tailoring, and low cost large-area solution-procession. Among them, ultraflexible electronics, usually with minimum bending radius of less than 1 mm, are essential for the development of epidermal and bio-implanted electronics, wearable electronics, collapsible and portable electronics, three dimensional (3D) surface compliable electronics, and bionics. This review firstly gives a brief introduction of development from flexible to ultraflexible organic semiconductor electronics, and design of ultraflexible devices, then summarizes the recent advances in ultraflexible thin-film organic semiconductor devices, focusing on organic field effect transistors, organic light-emitting diodes, organic solar cells and organic memory devices.

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The Compromises of Printing Organic Electronics: A Case Study of Gravure‐Printed Light‐Emitting Electrochemical Cells

Cited by 81 publications

References 34 publications

Gravure printed PEDOT:PSS as anode for flexible ITO-free organic light emitting diodes

Gravure printed PEDOT:PSS as anode for flexible ITO-free organic light emitting diodes

Light-Emitting Electrochemical Cells: A Review on Recent Progress

Thin-film organic semiconductor devices: from flexibility to ultraflexibility

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