The comprehensive analysis of grasses

Waite, R.; Gorrod, A. R. N.

doi:10.1002/jsfa.2740100604

Cited by 53 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…An early in vitro study also revealed that a considerable proportion of the pectin in alfalfa was digested by mixed cultures (Dehority et al ., ). Similar to previous results (Waite & Gorrod, ; Mertens, ; Mullen et al ., ), the yields of chemical‐extracted pectin were 2.8%, 3.7%, and 9.3% for CS, CW, and AH, respectively, indicating a consistently higher pectin content in AH than that in CS or CW when the same extraction conditions are used.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

“…An early in vitro study also revealed that a considerable proportion of the pectin in alfalfa was digested by mixed cultures (Dehority et al, 1962). Similar to previous results (Waite & Gorrod, 1959;Mertens, 2002;Mullen et al, 2010), the yields of chemical-extracted pectin were 2.8%, 3.7%, and 9.3% for CS, CW, and AH, respectively, indicating a consistently higher pectin content in AH than that in CS or CW when the same extraction conditions are used. Our in vitro fermentation experiment was first conducted to validate the practicability of the designed primers for monitoring the abundance of T. saccharophilum under different pectin contents derived from pure pectin and forages.…”

Section: Validation Of the Specificity And Sensitivity Of The Designesupporting

confidence: 84%

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Monitoring the rumen pectinolytic bacteriaTreponema saccharophilumusing real-time PCR

Liu

Wang

Zhu

et al. 2013

FEMS Microbiol Ecol

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Treponema saccharophilum is a pectinolytic bacterium isolated from the bovine rumen. The abundance of this bacterium has not been well determined, reflecting the lack of a reliable and accurate detection method. To develop a rapid method for monitoring T. saccharophilum, we performed pyrosequencing of genomic DNA isolated from rumen microbiota to explore the 16S rRNA gene sequences of T. saccharophilum candidates. Species-specific primers were designed based on fifteen sequences of partial 16S rRNA genes generated through pyrosequencing with 97% or higher similarity with T. saccharophilum DSM2985 along with sequence from type strain. The relative abundance of T. saccharophilum was quantified in both in vitro and in vivo rumen systems with varied pectin-containing forages using real-time PCR. There was a clear association of T. saccharophilum with alfalfa hay, which contains more pectin than Chinese wild rye hay or corn stover. The relative abundance of T. saccharophilum was as high as 0.58% in vivo, comparable with the population density of other common rumen bacteria. It is recognized that T. saccharophilum plays an important role in pectin digestion in the rumen.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Validation Of the Specificity And Sensitivity Of The Designesupporting

confidence: 84%

Monitoring the rumen pectinolytic bacteriaTreponema saccharophilumusing real-time PCR

Liu

Wang

Zhu

et al. 2013

FEMS Microbiol Ecol

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“…Agronomy 2019, 9, x FOR PEER REVIEW 2 of 11 Analytical procedures to quantify the chemical composition of forages have been long established [18,19] and the influence of drying methods on forage sample constituents is well documented. For example, greater drying temperatures lead to caramelization of sugars [20], Maillard products [21] or a reduced recovery of soluble sugars [22], whereas reported changes in CP level are inconsistent [23,24].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Drying Methods on Water-Soluble Carbohydrates and Crude Protein Concentrations and Their Ratio in Two Perennial Ryegrass Cultivars

2019

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The objective of this study was to assess the joint effect of perennial ryegrass cultivars and drying methods on concentrations of water-soluble carbohydrates (WSC) and crude protein (CP) and WSC/CP ratio. AberMagic AR1 and Expo AR1 forage were collected in December 2016, March, June, September and November 2017 and either oven-dried at 60 °C for 48 h (OD_60), at 80 °C for 16 h (OD_80), frozen at −80 °C for 48 h then freeze-dried (−80_FD), or flash-frozen with liquid N then freeze-dried (LN_FD). Data were analyzed by ANOVA in a factorial design with cultivar and drying method as factors. AberMagic AR1 had between 9.0 to 31.5% higher WSC concentration than Expo AR1 in the four samplings. Freeze-drying preserved more WSC than oven-drying treatments (+22.7%), particularly in June. The CP concentration of Expo AR1 was higher only in December (+6.8%), and was 22.9 and 10.9% higher in OD_60 samples compared to LN_FD samples in December and November, respectively. The WSC/CP ratio varied in June, being greater in AberMagic AR1 (+36.1%). Drying method affected WSC/CP ratio in December, June and November where freeze-drying produced greater ratios. Drying techniques generated differences in WSC, CP and WSC/CP ratio, which may affect the accuracy of the estimated impacts of forages on productivity and N use efficiency.

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“…Previous studies in this laboratory have investigated the digestion of cellulose and hemicellulose from intact forages by pure cultures of rumen bacteria (9,17). The only other carbohydrate occurring in appreciable quantities in forage is pectin, which can constitute from 10 to 20% of the total carbohydrate complex in grasses and alfalfa, respectively (22,25). Thus, the present study was undertaken to investigate the ability of several species of rumen bacteria to ferment both isolated and naturally occurring pectins.…”

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confidence: 99%

Fermentation of Isolated Pectin and Pectin from Intact Forages by Pure Cultures of Rumen Bacteria1

Gradel

Dehority

1972

Applied Microbiology

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Studies on the rate and extent of galacturonic acid and isolated pectin digestion were carried out with nine strains of rumen bacteria (Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens HiOb and D16f, Bacteroides ruminicola 23 and D31d, Lachnospira multiparus D15d, Peptostreptococcus sp. D43e, B. succinogenes A3c, Ruminococcus flavefaciens B34b, and R. albus 7). Only three strains, 23, D16f, and D31d, utilized galacturonic acid as a sole energy source, whereas all strains except A3c and HiOb degraded (solubilized) and utilized purified pectin. Nutrient composition of the basal medium and separate sterilization of the substrate affected the rate and extent of fermentation for both substrates. Pectin degradation and utilization were measured with two maturity stages each of intact bromegrass and alfalfa. For bromegrass I, all strains tested (B34b, 23, D16f, D31d, D15d, and D43e) degraded a considerable amount of pectin and, with the exception of B34b, utilized most of what was degraded. Similar, but lower, results were obtained with bromegrass II, except for the two strains of B. ruminicola, 23 and D31d, which were unable to degrade and utilize pectin from this forage. All strains were able to degrade and utilize pectin from both maturity stages of alfalfa; however, values were considerably lower for strains 23 and D31d. Synergism studies, in which a limited utilizing strain, B34b, was combined with the limited degrading strain, D31d, resulted in a slight increase in degradation and a very marked increase in utilization of the pectin in all four forages. Similar results were obtained on both alfalfa substrates with a combination of strains B34b and D16f; however, no increases were observed with this combination on bromegrass.

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The comprehensive analysis of grasses

Cited by 53 publications

References 17 publications

Monitoring the rumen pectinolytic bacteriaTreponema saccharophilumusing real-time PCR

Monitoring the rumen pectinolytic bacteriaTreponema saccharophilumusing real-time PCR

The Effect of Drying Methods on Water-Soluble Carbohydrates and Crude Protein Concentrations and Their Ratio in Two Perennial Ryegrass Cultivars

Fermentation of Isolated Pectin and Pectin from Intact Forages by Pure Cultures of Rumen Bacteria1

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