The comprehension of bioremediation for the isolation and characterization of heavy metal tolerant Aeromonas sanarellii bacteria in the wastewater-contaminated soil

Abstract

The large number of toxic metals accumulate in water and soil environment as a result of unmanaged industrial waste disposal, significantly impacting a variety of health-related issues. Heavy metal resistance is very high among microorganisms in the soil's rhizosphere. In this work, we isolated such naturally existing rhizosphere bacteria Aeromonas sanarellii (A. sanarellii) from heavily contaminated soil in the Anakaputhur area, southern part of Chennai city, India. On the basis of the partial amplification of 16S rRNA using new primers, A. sanarellii was molecularly identified. Then, 33 strains were used to align the sequence in order to study phylogenetic relationships using the neighbour joining method. This study assessed its ability of reducing and detoxifying heavy metals based on the results of subsequent testing. The effective concentration (EC50) and the internationalization of heavy metals were determined using spectrophotometric method. The structural changes in tolerant bacteria were studied using Scanning electron microscope (SEM). Protein profiling was performed using SDS PAGE and MALDI TOF analysis. Amount of metallothionein produced upon exposure was measured by using UV-Vis spectrophotometer. This study found that, as a consequence, selecting A. sanarellii based on their heavy metal resistance and biodegradation ability could serve as a starting point for developing potential bioremediation agent for toxic effluent treatment technology.