The composition of the essential oil and aqueous distillate of Origanum vulgare L. growing in Saudi Arabia and evaluation of their antibacterial activity

Khan, Merajuddin; Khan, Shams Tabrez; Khan, Noor Afshan; Mahmood, Adeem; Al-Kedhairy, Abdulaziz A.; Alkhathlan, Hamad Z.

doi:10.1016/j.arabjc.2018.02.008

Cited by 57 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Seven terpene alcohols including 1-octen-3-ol, terpinene-4-ol, linalool and nerolidol were detected which formed 2.35% of P. amboinicus volatiles. Carvacrol has a characteristic pungent spicy-woody odor which contributes to the strong oregano-like aroma [23], and together with the high relative percentages of citrus odor of α-bergamotene [24] and caryophyllene (spicy-woody) [25] collectively contribute to the unique, strong aromatic odor of P. amboinicus. This result is in agreement with the known volatile constituents of P. amboinicus previously reviewed by Arumugam et al [1].…”

Section: Volatiles Profiling Of Plectranthus Amboinicus Leavesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional characterization of a new terpene synthase from Plectranthus amboinicus

et al. 2020

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Plectranthus amboinicus (Lour.) Spreng is an aromatic medicinal herb known for its therapeutic and nutritional properties attributed by the presence of monoterpene and sesquiterpene compounds. Up until now, research on terpenoid biosynthesis has focused on a few mint species with economic importance such as thyme and oregano, yet the terpene synthases responsible for monoterpene production in P. amboinicus have not been described. Here we report the isolation, heterologous expression and functional characterization of a terpene synthase involved in P. amboinicus terpenoid biosynthesis. A putative monoterpene synthase gene (PamTps1) from P. amboinicus was isolated with an open reading frame of 1797 bp encoding a predicted protein of 598 amino acids with molecular weight of 69.6 kDa. PamTps1 shares 60-70% amino acid sequence similarity with other known terpene synthases of Lamiaceae. The in vitro enzymatic activity of PamTps1 demonstrated the conversion of geranyl pyrophosphate and farnesyl pyrophosphate exclusively into linalool and nerolidol, respectively, and thus PamTps1 was classified as a linalool/nerolidol synthase. In vivo activity of PamTps1 in a recombinant Escherichia coli strain revealed production of linalool and nerolidol which correlated with its in vitro activity. This outcome validated the multi-substrate usage of this enzyme in producing linalool and nerolidol both in in vivo and in vitro systems. The transcript level of PamTps1 was prominent in the leaf during daytime as compared to the stem. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and quantitative real-time PCR analyses showed that maximal linalool level was released during the daytime and lower at night following a diurnal circadian pattern which correlated with the PamTps1 expression pattern. The PamTps1 cloned herein provides a molecular basis for the terpenoid biosynthesis in this local herb that could be exploited for valuable production using metabolic engineering in both microbial and plant systems.

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Section: Volatiles Profiling Of Plectranthus Amboinicus Leavesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional characterization of a new terpene synthase from Plectranthus amboinicus

et al. 2020

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“…Our results showed that the essential oils of all three developmental stages have significantly higher antibacterial properties compared to commonly used antibiotics ( p <0.00001) against most of the studied bacteria (more effective than nalidixic acid against five tested bacteria, and more effective than gentamicin against four tested bacteria ( Figure a ). The antibacterial activity is believed to originate from the high abundance of oxygenated monoterpenes as secondary metabolites such as carvacrol in the essential oils of A. tenuifolia . In addition, we witnessed that the antibacterial properties of the vegetative and flowering stages were similar ( p =0.91), as it was expected from their similar chemical compositions.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 60%

“…We have previously demonstrated that the high concentrations of phenolic compounds including carvacrol in the essential oils of the Thymus genus can lead to antimicrobial properties . Considering the higher abundance of phenolic compounds such as carvacrol in the essential oil of A. tenuifolia , we envisioned that the essential oil may exhibit antibacterial activities.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical Composition and Antimicrobial Activity of Achillea tenuifoliaLam. Essential Oil at Different Phenological Stages from Khoy

Aminkhani

Sharifi

Dorosti

2019

Chemistry & Biodiversity

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Achillea species and in particular Achillea tenuifolia Lam. is generally used as a food flavor and traditional remedies, especially in the initial developmental stage for medical conditions in the Mediterranean part of Iran. In this report, we extracted the essential oil from the aerial parts of A. tenuifolia (collected from Khoy), at various developmental stages (i. e., vegetative, flowering and fruiting), characterized them and studied their antibacterial activities. Of 46, 51 and 38 components found in the vegetative, flowering, and fruiting stages, respectively, 35 were present in all three stages, including oxygenated terpenes such as carvacrol (30.85–34.11), germacrene C (16.21–17.87), spathulenol (7.26–8.96), β‐sesquiphellandrene (4.11–4.25), τ‐muurolol (2.27–3.25) and α‐cadinol (2.01–3.29). We witnessed that the composition of the essential oils varies with phenological stages and geographic regions. The essential oil demonstrated substantial antibacterial properties against both Gram‐positive and Gram‐negative bacteria, indicated by disk method, Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) assays. Except Pseudomonas aeruginosa, the essential oils of various phenological stages showed higher antibacterial activity against tested bacteria, with Bacillus anthracis as the most sensitive strain. Moreover, although antibacterial characteristics of the essential oil from the vegetative and flowering stages were similar (p=0.91), they were significantly different from those of fruiting stage (p<0.005 in both MIC and MBC tests). This emphasizes the importance of the developmental stage of the plant in the biological properties of its essential oil and justifies the widespread application of this plant in the vegetative stage.

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“…In addition, several factors including harvesting time, environmental settings, drying techniques, and essential oil extraction methods, genetic diversity and the developmental stage (Nouri, Baharvand, Raftari, & Deyhimi, 2005;Zarshenas & Krenn, 2015) can also drive such differences. Due to high concentrations of phenolic components such as carvacrol in the essential oils of the thymus genus and its intimate link to antimicrobial properties (Boskovica et al, 2015;Burt, 2004;Khan et al, in press), we envisioned that the essential oils extracted from all three parts of T. fedtschenkoi should demonstrate appreciable antibacterial properties. Therefore, we assessed the antimicrobial properties of the essential oil extracted from T. fedtschenkoi against six gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria and compared to the standard antibiotics, such as gentamicin and nalidixic acid, as tabulated in Table 2.…”

Section: Re Sults and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial activities and chemical constituents of essential oil extracted from stem, leaf, and flower of Thymus fedtschenkoi from Khoy, Iran

Aminkhani

Sharifi

Ranjbar

et al. 2019

J Food Process Preserv

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Thymus species, and in particular Thymus fedtschenkoi, is commonly used as a medicinal herb to treat common colds and respiratory infections as well as a food flavor and preservative in Iran. Using hydrodistillation, we herein extracted the essential oil of aerial parts (i.e., stem, leaf, and flower) of the plant (collected from Khoy) and studied their chemical composition via GC and GC‐MS, along with their corresponding antibacterial properties. We showed that, while there was a substantial difference in the chemical composition of the extract from different segments of plant, they exhibited similar, yet significant antibacterial effects against gram‐positive and gram‐negative bacteria, as indicated by the disk method, minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) tests. This highlights the importance of T. fedtschenkoi plant and its essential oil in traditional medicine to treat various bacterial infections and justify its widespread application as a food flavor and preservative. Practical applications The significance of aromatic plants in the pharmaceutical and food industries propelled the scientific community to systematically investigate the essential oil, extracted from those plants and their biological functions. Thymus fedtschenkoi is one of those aromatic plants and has been well‐known for its biological characteristics including treating common colds and respiratory infections and is also being used as an additive and flavor in some traditional foods and herbal teas in Iran. Herein, we extracted the essential oil from T. fedtschenkoi, studied its chemical composition and antibacterial functions in order to justify its application in pharmaceutical and food industries. The significant antibacterial activities of essential oil extracted from T. fedtschenkoi along with the growing use of this plant by the local people strongly suggest the need for the large‐scale cultivation of this plant in rangelands area.

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The composition of the essential oil and aqueous distillate of Origanum vulgare L. growing in Saudi Arabia and evaluation of their antibacterial activity

Cited by 57 publications

References 32 publications

Functional characterization of a new terpene synthase from Plectranthus amboinicus

Functional characterization of a new terpene synthase from Plectranthus amboinicus

Chemical Composition and Antimicrobial Activity of Achillea tenuifoliaLam. Essential Oil at Different Phenological Stages from Khoy

Antimicrobial activities and chemical constituents of essential oil extracted from stem, leaf, and flower of Thymus fedtschenkoi from Khoy, Iran

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