The Composition of the Aqueous Humour of Man in Aphakia

Berardinis, Ettore De; Tieri, O; Iuglio, N; A, Polzella

doi:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1966.tb06432.x

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Aqueous humor composition depends not only on the nature of its production, but also on the metabolic interchanges that occur within various tissues throughout its intraocular route [52]. …”

Section: Aqueous Humor – Formation and Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aqueous Humor Dynamics: A Review~!2010-03-03~!2010-06-17~!2010-09-02~!

Goel¹

2010

TOOPHTJ

635

250

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Glaucoma is a family of optic neuropathies which cause irreversible but potentially preventable vision loss. Vision loss in most forms of glaucoma is related to elevated IOP with subsequent injury to the optic nerve. Secretion of aqueous humor and regulation of its outflow are physiologically important processes for maintaining IOP in the normal range. Thus, understanding the complex mechanisms that regulate aqueous humor circulation is essential for management of glaucoma. The two main structures related to aqueous humor dynamics are the ciliary body and the trabecular meshwork (TM). Three mechanisms are involved in aqueous humor formation: diffusion, ultrafiltration and active secretion. Active secretion is the major contributor to aqueous humor formation. The aqueous humor flow in humans follows a circadian rhythm, being higher in the morning than at night. The aqueous humor leaves the eye by passive flow via two pathways - the trabecular meshwork and the uveoscleral pathway. In humans, 75% of the resistance to aqueous humor outflow is localized within the TM with the juxtacanalicular portion of the TM being the main site of outflow resistance. Glycosaminoglycan deposition in the TM extracellular matrix (ECM) has been suggested to be responsible for increased outflow resistance at this specific site whereas others have suggested deposition of proteins, such as cochlin, obstruct the aqueous humor outflow through the TM. The uveoscleral outflow pathway is relatively independent of the intraocular pressure and the proportion of aqueous humor exiting the eye via the uveoscleral pathway decreases with age.

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Section: Aqueous Humor – Formation and Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aqueous Humor Dynamics: A Review~!2010-03-03~!2010-06-17~!2010-09-02~!

Goel¹

2010

TOOPHTJ

635

250

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…32 Especially after complicated, invasive surgery these eyes usually undergo more intensified postoperative treatment with eye drops. [33][34][35][36] This might explain differing grades of IOL opacifications.…”

Section: Increased Aqueous Humour Calcium Concentrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of opacification patterns in intraocular lenses (IOL)

et al. 2021

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ObjectiveIntraocular lens (IOL) opacification may cause severe visual impairment. The pathogenesis remains unclear. The aim of this study was to analyse opacification patterns in different IOLs. Therefore, this multicentre, retrospective, observational study was conducted at Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany and University-Hospital Basel, Switzerland.Methods and analysisIn this study, 75 opacified IOLs were identified and classified after extraction. Macroscopical photo documentation, light and electron microscopic analysis were done.Results68 acrylic-hydrophilic single-piece-IOLs, 1 acrylic-hydrophilic 3-piece-IOL, 6 acrylic-hydrophobic 3-piece-IOLs were extracted. The dataset comprised IOLs known for opacification and IOLs not having been reported yet. 67 IOLs showed a fine-granular and 8 IOLs a crust-like opacification pattern. According to literature, 62 of the fine-granular opacified IOLs were graded into type 1 (processing/packaging-induced primary opacification) and 13 into type 2 (secondary opacification of unknown aetiology). The anterior surface of the IOLs was affected in all 75 IOLs, the posterior surface only in 23 cases. Of all 67 fine-granular IOLs, 43 had a central defect and 21 had a zone without opacification (clear islet).ConclusionIn our series, the morphology of IOL opacification did not follow the existing pathogenetic classification that strictly discriminates between primary and secondary causes. Fine-granular IOL opacification occurs with similar patterns in both type 1 and type 2 IOL opacification, while a crust-like pattern was only detected in type 2 IOL opacifications. Consequently, susceptibility of an IOL to opacification is caused by a multifactorial combination of material and processing properties as well as individual (pathological) conditions of the patient.

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