The Composition of Honey

White, Jonathan

doi:10.1080/0005772x.1957.11094976

Cited by 130 publications

(136 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…14 Honey is a remarkably complex natural liquid that is reported to contain at least 181 substances. 24 It has well-established antioxidant and antimicrobial effects that have been suggested as the mechanism for honey' s efficacy in wound healing and may help to explain its superior results in this study. [16][17][18][19][20][21] The antioxidants present in honey come from a variety of sources, such as vitamin C, monophenolics, flavonoids, and polyphenolics.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Effect of Honey on Nocturnal Cough and Sleep Quality: A Double-blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Study

et al. 2012

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OBJECTIVES: To compare the effects of a single nocturnal dose of 3 honey products (eucalyptus honey, citrus honey, or labiatae honey) to placebo (silan date extract) on nocturnal cough and difficulty sleeping associated with childhood upper respiratory tract infections (URIs). METHODS: A survey was administered to parents on 2 consecutive days, first on the day of presentation, when no medication had been given the previous evening, and the following day, when the study preparation was given before bedtime, based on a double-blind randomization plan. Participants included 300 children aged 1 to 5 years with URIs, nocturnal cough, and illness duration of ≤7 days from 6 general pediatric community clinics. Eligible children received a single dose of 10 g of eucalyptus honey, citrus honey, labiatae honey, or placebo administered 30 minutes before bedtime. Main outcome measures were cough frequency, cough severity, bothersome nature of cough, and child and parent sleep quality. RESULTS: In all 3 honey products and the placebo group, there was a significant improvement from the night before treatment to the night of treatment. However, the improvement was greater in the honey groups for all the main outcome measures. CONCLUSIONS: Parents rated the honey products higher than the silan date extract for symptomatic relief of their children’s nocturnal cough and sleep difficulty due to URI. Honey may be a preferable treatment for cough and sleep difficulty associated with childhood URI.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Effect of Honey on Nocturnal Cough and Sleep Quality: A Double-blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Study

et al. 2012

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“…The sources of these carbohydrates are the nectar of flowers (White 1975;Seeley 1995), honeydew produced by various sap-sucking insects (Eickwort and Ginsberg 1980) and juices from open or weeping fruits or from other natural plant exudates (Roubik 1995;Michener 2000;O'Toole and Raw 2004). The availability of these resources is typically variable in time since their production is dependent on weather and climatic conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

No spatial patterns for early nectar storage in honey bee colonies

et al. 2015

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Honeybees, Apis, forage for nectar and pollen, which are subsequently stored in cells of their nests. Despite the importance of honey storage for colony survival, very little is known about decision making by honey bee workers that could optimise the transformation of nectar into honey. Here we test, using Diagnostic Radioentomology, whether workers use rules based on sugar concentration to optimise the spatial distribution of storage cells during nectar ripening.The data show that after the first three days of storing activity, various sugar concentrations Alternatively, but not mutually exclusive, physiological constraints (e.g. variation in the perception of sugar concentration) might limit such optimisation behaviour. Storing behaviour can serve as a model to better understand food provisioning and complex organisation of insect societies.

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“…Honey is characteristically of a pH between 3.2 and 4.5 [34]. This acidity is due primarily to honey containing 0.23-0.98% (1.8-7.5 mmol/kg) gluconolactone/gluconic acid [35], which is formed by the action of the enzyme glucose oxidase which bees add to the nectar they coneet to make honey.…”

Section: Aciditymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although honey with a high water content can spoil because some oS:Q1ophilic yeasts can live in it, no fermentation occurs if the water content is below 17,1% [33], The water content of honey is usually 15-21% by weight [34], Of the solids in honey, 84% is comprised of the monosaccharides fructose and glucose [35J, The strong interaction of these sugar molecules with water molecules leaves very few of the water molerules available for microorganisms. The water molecules that are 'free' water are measured as the water activity (aw), The mean values of aw for honey have been reported as 0.562 and 0.589 [36], 0.572 and 0.607 [37], and 0.62 [38].…”

Section: Honey: Antimicrobial Actions and Role In Disease Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Honey: Antimicrobial Actions and Role in Disease Management

Molan

2008

New Strategies Combating Bacterial Infection

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The ancient treatment of dressing infected wounds wi.th honey is rapidly becoming re-established in professional medicine, especially where wounds are infected with antibiotic-resistant bacteria. This is because ofthe demonstrated sensitivity of such bacteria to the antibacterial activity ofhauey, which is not influenced by whether or not strains are resistant to antibiotics. Honey has been found to have a very broad spectrum of activity, but its potency of antibacterial activity can vary greatly. In most honeys the antibacterial activity is due to enzymatically produced hydrogen peroxide and thus the potency of its antibacterial activity can be decreased by catalase present in an open wound. Manuka honey has an antibacterial component derived from the plant source. Manuka honey with a quality-assured level of antibacterial activity is being used by companies marketing honey products for wound care that are registered with the medical regulatory authorities in various countries. Such honey can be diluted IO-fold or more and still completely inhibitthe usual wound-infecting species. There is a large amount of clinical evidence for the effectiveness of honey in clearing infection in wounds, and some clinical evidence of its effectiveness in treating other infections. Although the antibacterial potency of honey is insufficient to allow its use systemically, there are various clinical applications besides wound care in which it is used topically or where it does not get excessively diluted, such as for treatment of gastritis, enteritis, gingivitis, ophthalmological infections and bronchial infections. In most of these applications the anti-inflammatory activity of honey is of additional benefit in decreasing the inflammation resulting from infection. Additional clinical research is needed to provide better evidence of the effectiveness of honey in these therapeutic applications of honey.New Strategies CombClting Bacterial Infection. Edited by Iqbal Ahmad and Farrukh Aqii

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The Composition of Honey

Cited by 130 publications

References 40 publications

Effect of Honey on Nocturnal Cough and Sleep Quality: A Double-blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Study

Effect of Honey on Nocturnal Cough and Sleep Quality: A Double-blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Study

No spatial patterns for early nectar storage in honey bee colonies

Honey: Antimicrobial Actions and Role in Disease Management

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