The composition dependence of glass transition properties

Gordon, Jeffrey M.; Rouse, G. B.; Gibbs, Julian H.; Risen, William M.

doi:10.1063/1.433798

Cited by 176 publications

(105 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The CKM expression for T g of the mixture as a function of composition is given in terms of the glass transition temperatures of the pure solution components and their corresponding heat capacity change at the glass transition, ΔC p,i = C p,i (liq) -C p,i (glass), assumed independent of the temperature. (39) This equation is identical to that derived by Gordon et al [72] from the Gibbs-DiMarzio theory of the glass transition and to the empirical equations quoted by these authors.…”

Section: Glass Transition Modelssupporting

confidence: 62%

Empirical and theoretical models of equilibrium and non-equilibrium transition temperatures of supplemented phase diagrams in aqueous systems (IUPAC Technical Report)

Corti

Angell

Auffret

et al. 2010

Pure and Applied Chemistry

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This paper describes the main thermodynamic concepts related to the construction of supplemented phase (or state) diagrams (SPDs) for aqueous solutions containing vitrifying agents used in the cryo-and dehydro-preservation of natural (foods, seeds, etc.) and synthetic (pharmaceuticals) products. It also reviews the empirical and theoretical equations employed to predict equilibrium transitions (ice freezing, solute solubility) and non-equilibrium transitions (glass transition and the extrapolated freezing curve). The comparison with experimental results is restricted to carbohydrate aqueous solutions, because these are the most widely used cryoprotectant agents. The paper identifies the best standard procedure to determine the glass transition curve over the entire water-content scale, and how to determine the temperature and concentration of the maximally freeze-concentrated solution.

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Section: Glass Transition Modelssupporting

confidence: 62%

Empirical and theoretical models of equilibrium and non-equilibrium transition temperatures of supplemented phase diagrams in aqueous systems (IUPAC Technical Report)

Corti

Angell

Auffret

et al. 2010

Pure and Applied Chemistry

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“…The Gordon-Taylor equation was used to describe the T g depression effect caused by the sorption of water [33][34][35] : where W 1 is the water weight fraction and T g1 is the glass transition temperature of the amorphous water (Ϫ135°C), and T g2 , of the dried polymer. Constant k ϭ ⌬C p2 /⌬C p1 , where ⌬C p1,2 represent the change in the heat capacity at T g1,2 , respectively.…”

Section: Dsc Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sorption and transport of water vapor in nylon 6,6 film

Lim

Britt

Tung

1999

J. Appl. Polym. Sci.

146

133

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ABSTRACT:The sorption and transport of water in nylon 6,6 films as functions of the relative humidity (RH) and temperature were studied. Moisture-sorption isotherms determined gravimetrically at 25, 35, and 45°C were described accurately by the GAB equation. Water-vapor transmission rates were enhanced above Ϸ 60 -70% RH, primarily due to the transition of the polymer from glassy to rubbery states. The glass transition temperatures (T g 's) of nylon 6,6 were measured at various moisture contents using differential scanning calorimetry. The results showed that the sorbed water acted as an effective plasticizer in depressing the T g of the polyamide. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was utilized to characterize the interaction of water and the nylon. Evidence from FTIR suggested that the interaction of water with nylon 6,6 took place at the amide groups. Based on the frequency shift of the peak maxima, moisture sorption appeared to reduce the average hydrogen-bond strength of the NOH groups. However, an increase was seen for the CAO groups.

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“…We start by considering the similarity between the entropy of mixing of liquids and the entropy of melting of a crystal, in the sense that the two quantities are predominantly configurational [20]. Cooling the melt of a pure crystalline material has the effect of "consuming" the entropy of melting (…”

Section: The Role Of Entropy On Glass Formation and The Glass Transitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Entropy of Mixing and the Glass Transition of Amorphous Mixtures

Pinal

2008

Entropy

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Different equations have been proposed for estimating the glass transition temperature of amorphous mixtures. All such expressions lack a term to account for the effect of the entropy of mixing on the glass transition. An entropy based analysis for the glass transition of amorphous mixtures is presented. The treatment yields an explicit mixing term in the expression for the glass transition temperature of a mixture. The obtained expression reduces to the Couchman-Karasz equation in the limiting case where the contribution of the entropy of mixing approaches zero. Equivalent expressions are obtained for the glass transition temperature of a mixture of two glass formers as for the effect of a plasticizing liquid diluent on the glass transition temperature of an amorphous material.

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The composition dependence of glass transition properties

Cited by 176 publications

References 16 publications

Empirical and theoretical models of equilibrium and non-equilibrium transition temperatures of supplemented phase diagrams in aqueous systems (IUPAC Technical Report)

Empirical and theoretical models of equilibrium and non-equilibrium transition temperatures of supplemented phase diagrams in aqueous systems (IUPAC Technical Report)

Sorption and transport of water vapor in nylon 6,6 film

Entropy of Mixing and the Glass Transition of Amorphous Mixtures

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