The composition and ultrastructure of sorghum spent grains

Holmes, Calum P.; Cahill, Gearoid; Smart, Katherine A.; Cook, David J.

doi:10.1002/jib.67

Cited by 18 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Protein content was determined through the total nitrogen measurement approach coupled with a correction factor of 6.25. Lipid content was determined by the method from Holmes et al [20]. Elemental compositions were determined by an elemental analyzer (Vario MICRO cube, Germany).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Valorization of poly-β-hydroxybutyrate (PHB)-based bioplastic waste in anaerobic digesters of food waste for bioenergy generation: reactor performance, microbial community analysis, and bioplastic biodegradation

Zhang

Tsui

et al. 2022

Carb Neutrality

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This study aims to investigate the significance and biodegradation pathways of PHB-based bioplastic in anaerobic digesters treating food waste, where the reactor performance of changed methane generation, bioplastic biodegradation efficiency, and bioinformatic analysis of functional microbes were emphasized. The results showed that PHB-based plastic film could be partially biodegraded in the food waste digester, and a bioaugmentation use of Alcaligenes Faecalis (AF) and Bacillus Megaterium (BM) was beneficial to largely accelerate the degradation process through a beneficial shift of both the functional bacterial and archaeal species. Microbial community analysis indicated that the major bacterial species belonged to genera Candidatus_Cloacimonas, Rikenellaceae, and Defluviitoga, while the dominant methanogenic archaeal species belonged to genera Methanomassiliicoccus, Methanosarcina, and Methanosaeta. Bioplastic biodegradation analysis suggested that the optimal fractions of AF and BM for PHB-based plastic degradation were 50%AF and 75%BM, respectively, which deserves further optimization and scale-up validation. The finding of this study would contribute to the combined management of PHB-based bioplastic with food waste for clean energy recovery and a greener environment.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Valorization of poly-β-hydroxybutyrate (PHB)-based bioplastic waste in anaerobic digesters of food waste for bioenergy generation: reactor performance, microbial community analysis, and bioplastic biodegradation

Zhang

Tsui

et al. 2022

Carb Neutrality

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“…Nevertheless, it can be seen that both industries have potential to produce huge quantities of sorghum coproducts, brewers spent grain, and DDGS. These coproducts are similar in composition because of the fact that hydrolysis of starch into fermentable sugars during the production processes increases the protein concentration by up to four times that in the grain, to some 40% for brewers spent grain (dry basis; Holmes, Cahill, Smart, & Cook, ) and 30–45% for DDGS (dry basis; Yan et al, ). The kafirin content of DDGS protein is ~40% (Taylor & Taylor, ).…”

Section: Drivers Of Kafirin Availability: Grain Bioethanol Brewing mentioning

confidence: 99%

Making Kafirin, the Sorghum Prolamin, into a Viable Alternative Protein Source

Taylor

2018

J Americ Oil Chem Soc

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Kafirin, the sorghum prolamin, is the most hydrophobic of the prolamins, and forms disulfide crosslinks because of its high cysteine content. It is noted for its slow digestibility but does not trigger any adverse response when consumed by celiacs. These properties make kafirin potentially valuable in both food and nonfood applications, especially as a bioplastic and encapsulating agent. Despite these valuable properties, to date there is no commercial production of kafirin and consequently no commercial products. Extraction technologies that could be upscaled for industrial use are described. Also, genetic and physicochemical techniques that have been applied to improve the functional and nutritional properties of kafirin as a functional food ingredient and as a bioplastic are reviewed. It is proposed that kafirin extraction and bioplastic manufacture should be located at the site of grain bioethanol production. This would enable the use of a consistent supply of inexpensive, highprotein feedstock from sorghum distillers dried grains with solubles, as well as a ready supply of inexpensive ethanol for extraction. In addition, equipment would be available for solvent recovery, and transportation costs could be minimized. These factors would contribute to making kafirin economically viable as an alternative protein source. KeywordsSorghum Á Prolamin Á Kafirin Á Bioethanol Á Distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) Á Bioplastic Á Nutrition Á Functional properties Á Food ingredient Á Brewery spent grain J Am Oil Chem Soc (2018) 95: 969-990. J Am Oil Chem Soc (2018) 95: 969-990 J Am Oil Chem Soc (2018) 95: 969-990 971 J Am Oil Chem Soc J Am Oil Chem Soc (2018) 95: 969-990 973 J Am Oil Chem Soc J Am Oil Chem Soc (2018) 95: 969-990

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“…In barley flour and malt, a lower PV due to endogenous amylase activity was reported, and when AgNO 3 solution was used to inhibit the amylase activity, a higher PV was obtained. [ 22–25 ] In sweet potato flour, a higher PV was reported using 0.05 × 10 −3 m AgNO 3 , indicating inhibition of α‐amylase activity. [ 26 ]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal Silver Nitrate Concentration to Inhibit α‐Amylase Activity During Pasting of Rice Flour

et al. 2020

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Endogenous α‐amylase interferes with accurate determination of the pasting properties of cereal flour. Silver nitrate (AgNO3) solutions at seven different concentrations (0.001‐0.1 m) plus a deionized water (dH2O) control are compared for their ability to inhibit α‐amylase activity during gelatinization of rice flour with medium to high amylose content (AC). Pasting properties are assessed using a Rapid Visco Analyzer (RVA). The optimal concentration of AgNO3 to inhibit α‐amylase in the flour of rice cultivar Doongara during gelatinization is 1% (w/v) (≈0.06 m). This concentration is tested further in three other types of rice for confirmation of the effects on RVA pasting properties. Peak viscosity is significantly higher using 1% AgNO3 than in the dH2O control, while breakdown and pasting temperature are significantly lower. In conclusion, the incorporation of 1% (w/v) AgNO3 into samples for RVA inhibits the α‐amylase activity in rice flour with medium to high AC, allowing pasting properties to be accurately measured using an RVA.

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The composition and ultrastructure of sorghum spent grains

Cited by 18 publications

References 24 publications

Valorization of poly-β-hydroxybutyrate (PHB)-based bioplastic waste in anaerobic digesters of food waste for bioenergy generation: reactor performance, microbial community analysis, and bioplastic biodegradation

Valorization of poly-β-hydroxybutyrate (PHB)-based bioplastic waste in anaerobic digesters of food waste for bioenergy generation: reactor performance, microbial community analysis, and bioplastic biodegradation

Making Kafirin, the Sorghum Prolamin, into a Viable Alternative Protein Source

Optimal Silver Nitrate Concentration to Inhibit α‐Amylase Activity During Pasting of Rice Flour

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