The composition and distribution of meiofauna and nanobiota in a central North Pacific deep-sea area

Snider, L.J.; Burnett, Bryan R.; Hessler, Robert R.

doi:10.1016/0198-0149(84)90059-1

Cited by 164 publications

(92 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…comm. ), and meiofaunal organisms are also probably comparable to the macrofaunal assemblage (Snider et al 1984). These calculations rule out the possibility that the organic carbon profiles reflect the vertical distribution of organisms rather than the distribution of detrital organic matter.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…If we assume that all these organisms were situated within the first 1.5 cm of the sediment, where oxygen is most readily available, then on average they occupy -0.003% of the total volume of that sediment layer and contribute -3 x 1 Oe7 g C per g sediment, or < 0.00 1% of the organic carbon. (This assumes 1.02 g wet wt cmm3 biovolume: Snider et al 1984, and 2 x 1 OF3 g C cmd3 biovolume.) In terms of volume or carbon, bacteria contribute about equally in magnitude (assuming lo-l4 g C cell-l: A. F. Carlucci pers.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reconciling measured and predicted fluxes of oxygen across the deep sea sediment‐water interface1

Reimers

Smith

1986

Limnology & Oceanography

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Rates of sediment community oxygen consumption determined in situ are compared to fluxes predicted from oxygen microelectrode gradients measured in cores from -3,750-m water depth in the eastern North Pacific. Oxygen concentrations decrease exponentially over > 1.5 cm and suggest that organic matter in the sediments is degraded most rapidly immediately below the sediment-water interface.Molecular diffusion of oxygen across the interface is modeled as an "internal regime" and can account for nearly all the directly measured in situ flux, 0.2Ot-0.02 pmol cm-2 d-l. This differs from published accounts of nearshore marine environments, where activity of bottom-dwelling macrofauna or bubble ebullition enhances benthic fluxes of dissolved nutrients or gases 2-4 times. Millimeter depth-scale profiles of porosity, organic C, carbonate C, and bacterial abundance are reported to provide additional constraints on interface processes, including the relative effects of organic matter degradation and bioturbation. The highest organic C, bacterial, and porosity values are in the uppermost sediments (O-O.2 cm). Within the stratum O-l cm, porewater flux ratios of oxygen to nitrate support a model of exchange by diffusion leading to organic matter oxidation and nitrification according to Redfield stoichiometry. Below the oxygen reduction zone, changes in the porewater concentrations of N03-, Mn2+, Fe2+, NH4+, and alkalinity indicate that anaerobic respiration reactions using N03-, MnO,, Fe,O,, and S042-as electron acceptors complete the early oxidation of organic matter at this site.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 78%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reconciling measured and predicted fluxes of oxygen across the deep sea sediment‐water interface1

Reimers

Smith

1986

Limnology & Oceanography

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“…In addition to the physical disturbance due to mineral deposit extraction, the reduction in habitat heterogeneity (Zeppilli et al 2014) may permanently alter the structure of benthic communities (Leduc et al 2015 and references therein). Benthic meiofauna from polymetallic nodule areas are known from the Pacific Ocean (Hessler and Jumars 1974;Snider et al 1984;Renaud-Mornant and Gourbault 1990;Bussau et al 1995;Ahnert and Schriever 2001;Radziejewska 2002;Lambshead et al 2003;Veillette et al 2007a, b;Miljutin and Miljutina 2009a, b;Miljutina et al 2010Miljutina et al , 2011Miljutina and Miljutin 2012) and Indian Ocean (Parulekar et al 1982;Ansari 2000;Ingole et al 2000Ingole et al , 2005Singh et al 2014). The techniques used for the extraction of nodules from the seafloor involve mechanical screening, bucket or scraper methods or hydraulic approaches to lift the nodules from the seafloor (Thiel 2003).…”

Section: Exploitation Of Mineral Resourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is the meiofauna a good indicator for climate change and anthropogenic impacts?

et al. 2015

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Our planet is changing, and one of the most pressing challenges facing the scientific community revolves around understanding how ecological communities respond to global changes. From coastal to deep-sea ecosystems, ecologists are exploring new areas of research to find model organisms that help predict the future of life on our planet. Among the different categories of organisms, meiofauna offer several advantages for the study of marine benthic ecosystems. This paper reviews the advances in the study of meiofauna with regard to climate change and anthropogenic impacts. Four taxonomic groups are valuable for predicting global changes: foraminifers (especially calcareous forms), nematodes, copepods and ostracods. Environmental variables are fundamental in the interpretation of meiofaunal patterns and multistressor experiments are more informative than single stressor ones, revealing complex ecological and biological interactions. Global change has a general negative effect on meiofauna, with important consequences on benthic food webs. However, some meiofaunal species can be favoured by the extreme conditions induced by global change, as they can exhibit remarkable physiological adaptations. This review highlights the need to incorporate studies on taxonomy,

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“…In those that directly compare foraminifera and metazoan meiofauna, results commonly show (1) dominance of foraminifera in terms of biomass in bathyal and abyssal areas (e.g., Coull et al, 1977), and (2) foraminiferal densities exceeding those of other meiofauna and macrofauna (e.g., Snider et al, 1984;Gooday, 1986;Smith, 1992;Gooday et al, 2000;Cornelius and Gooday, 2004). In addition, deep-water areas with depleted oxygen concentrations or sulfidic conditions are also known to have communities where foraminiferal biovolume exceeds that of metazoan meiofauna (Buck and Barry, 1998;Bernhard et al, 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Benthic foraminifera living in Gulf of Mexico bathyal and abyssal sediments: Community analysis and comparison to metazoan meiofaunal biomass and density

Bernhard

Gupta

Baguley

2008

Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography

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Benthic foraminiferal biomass, density, and species composition were determined at ten sites in the Gulf of Mexico. During June 2001 and June 2002, sediment samples were collected with a GoMex boxcorer. A 7.5-cm diameter subcore was taken from a box core collected at each site and sliced into 1-cm or 2-cm sections to a depth of 2 or 3 cm; the >63-μm fraction was examined shipboard for benthic foraminifera. Individual foraminifers were extracted for adenosine triphosphate (ATP) using a luciferin-luciferase assay, which indicated the total ATP content per specimen; that data was converted to organic carbon. Foraminiferal biomass and density varied substantially (~2-53 mg C m -2 ; ~3,600-44,500 individuals m -2 , respectively) and inconsistently with water depth. For example, although two ~1000-m deep sites were geographically separated by only ~75 km, the foraminiferal biomass at one site was relatively low (~9 mg C m -2 ) while the other site had the highest foraminiferal biomass (~53 mg C m -2 ). Although most samples from Sigsbee Plain (>3000 m) had low biomass, one Sigsbee site had >20 mg foraminiferal C m -2 .The foraminiferal community from all sites (i.e., bathyal and abyssal locales) was dominated by agglutinated, rather than calcareous or tectinous, species. Foraminiferal density never exceeded that of metazoan meiofauna at any site. Foraminiferal biomass, however, exceeded metazoan meiofaunal biomass at five of the ten sites, indicating that foraminifera constitute a major component of the Gulf's deep-water meiofaunal biomass.

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The composition and distribution of meiofauna and nanobiota in a central North Pacific deep-sea area

Cited by 164 publications

References 20 publications

Reconciling measured and predicted fluxes of oxygen across the deep sea sediment‐water interface1

Reconciling measured and predicted fluxes of oxygen across the deep sea sediment‐water interface1

Is the meiofauna a good indicator for climate change and anthropogenic impacts?

Benthic foraminifera living in Gulf of Mexico bathyal and abyssal sediments: Community analysis and comparison to metazoan meiofaunal biomass and density

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