The Composite International Diagnostic Interview

Robins, Lee N.; Wing, J. K.; Wittchen, Hans‐Ulrich; Helzer, John E.; Babor, Thomas F.; Burke, Jay; Farmer, Anne; Jablenski, Assen; Pickens, Roy W.; Regier, Darrel A.; Sartorius, Norman; Towle, Leland H.

doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1988.01800360017003

Cited by 2,350 publications

(560 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Diagnoses were made if the required number of DSM-IV personality symptoms were positive, and at least one of these caused distress, social or occupational dysfunction. Antisocial personality disorder was assessed with questions about conduct disorder before age 15 and adult antisocial symptoms at or after age 15, similar to other standardized interviews 60-64 . Consistent with DSM-IV, we required conduct disorder before age 15 and at least three adult antisocial symptoms for a diagnosis of antisocial personality disorder.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Personality Disorders and the 3-Year Course of Alcohol, Drug, and Nicotine Use Disorders

Hasin

Fenton

Skodol

et al. 2011

Arch Gen Psychiatry

181

100

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Context Little is known about the role of a broad range of personality disorders in the course of substance use disorder (SUD), and whether these differ by substance. The existing literature focuses mostly on antisocial personality disorder and does not come to clear conclusions. Objective To determine the association between the ten DSM-IV personality disorders and the persistence of common SUDs in a 3-year prospective study of a national sample. Design Data were drawn from participants in the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC) who had alcohol dependence (N=1,172), cannabis use disorder (N=454) or nicotine dependence (N=4,017) at baseline and who were re-interviewed three years later. Control variables included demographic characteristics, family history of substance disorders, baseline Axis I disorders and treatment status, and prior SUD duration. Main outcome measure Persistent SUD, defined as meeting full criteria for the relevant SUD throughout the 3-year follow-up period. Results Persistent SUD was found among 30.1% of participants with alcohol dependence, 30.8% with cannabis use disorder, and 56.6% with nicotine dependence at baseline. Axis I disorders did not have strong or consistent associations with persistent SUD. In contrast, antisocial personality disorder was significantly associated with persistent alcohol, cannabis and nicotine use disorders (adjusted odds ratios: 2.46-3.51), as was borderline personality disorder (adjusted odds ratios: 2.04-2.78) and schizotypal personality disorder (adjusted odds ratios: 1.65-5.90). Narcissistic, schizoid, and obsessive-compulsive personality disorders were less consistently associated with SUD persistence. Conclusions The consistent findings on the association of antisocial, borderline and schizotypal personality disorders with persistent SUD indicates the importance of these personality disorders in understanding the course of SUD. Future studies should examine dimensional representations of personality disorders and the role of specific components of these disorders, biological and environmental contributors to these relationships, and potential applications of these findings to treatment development.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Personality Disorders and the 3-Year Course of Alcohol, Drug, and Nicotine Use Disorders

Hasin

Fenton

Skodol

et al. 2011

Arch Gen Psychiatry

181

100

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“…Clinical interviewers had either a bachelor's or master's degree in psychology or related discipline and had completed an extensive program of training that ended with their satisfying proficiency criteria before they were allowed to interview study participants. The clinical assessments included the expanded substance abuse module (SAM), developed by Robins et al (1987) as a supplement to the World Health Organization's Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI, Robins et al, 1988) for substance use disorders, and the ASPD section from the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R (Spitzer et al, 1987), which was modified to include additional probes and follow-up questions to cover symptoms of adult antisocial behavior (AAB). Interview data were reviewed in case conferences by at least two graduate students with advanced training in descriptive psychopathology and differential diagnosis.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Association of Early Adolescent Problem Behavior and Adult Psychopathology: A Multivariate Behavioral Genetic Perspective

2006

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Research has documented a strong association between early adolescent problem behavior and adult disinhibitory psychopathology, leading some to suggest that the latter can be reduced by preventing or delaying the former. But the prevention implications of this association necessarily depend upon the causal mechanisms that produce it. The current study was designed to test implications of a model that posits that early problem behavior and disinhibitory psychopathology are associated because they are both manifestations of a common inherited liability. At their age-17 assessment, 1080 twins from the older cohort of the Minnesota Twin Family Study reported whether and the age at which they first: drank alcohol, used tobacco, used illicit drugs, had sexual intercourse, and had police contact. An Early Problem Behavior index was computed by summing the number of these experiences each participant reported having before age 15. Outcome measures of disinhibitory psychopathology were assessed by clinical interview at the age-20 follow-up and included number of symptoms of nicotine dependence, alcohol abuse and dependence, drug abuse and dependence, and adult antisocial behavior. Biometric analysis of the multivariate twin data showed that: (1) early adolescent problem behavior is weakly heritable (approximately 20%), (2) the common factor underlying disinhibitory psychopathology is strongly heritable (approximately 75%), and (3) the phenotypic correlation between early adolescent problem behavior and disinhibitory psychopathology was strong (approximately 0.60) and accounted for primarily by genetic factors common to the two domains. Findings are discussed in the context of research on the prevention and developmental nature of substance use disorders and related psychopathology. KeywordsAdolescent problem behavior; disinhibitory psychopathology; externalizing; twin studies Behavioral genetic research has established the importance of both heritable and non-heritable influences on the development of adult substance use disorders (SUDs) including: nicotine dependence (Heath and Madden, 1995;Kendler et al., 1999), alcohol dependence Kendler et al., 1992;McGue, 1999;, and illicit substance abuse and dependence (Ball and Collier, 2002;Kendler and Prescott, 1998;Lynskey et al., 2002;McGue et al., 2000;Tsuang et al., 1996). Current behavioral genetic research aims to build on these findings by identifying the specific genetic and environmental factors that affect SUD risk and by characterizing their joint mechanisms of actions (Rutter et al., 2001). While much of this effort appropriately involves the use of molecular approaches to identify the specific genes that contribute to SUD risk (Goldman et al., 2005), complementary approaches * To whom correspondence should be addressed at Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, 75 East River Rd., Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA. Tel.: +612-625-8305; Fax: +612-626-2079; e-mail: mcgue001@umn.edu. An observation critical to understanding the developmental nature of SUD...

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“…Depressive disorders were determined using the lifetime Composite International Diagnostic Interviews (CIDI; World Health Organization, Version 2.1; Robins et al, 1988;Wacker, Battegay, Muellejans, & Schlosser, 2006). The CIDI classifies diagnoses according to criteria of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV; American Psychiatric Association, 2001).…”

Section: Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hidden scars in depression? Implicit and explicit self-associations following recurrent depressive episodes.

Elgersma¹,

Glashouwer²,

Bockting³

et al. 2013

Journal of Abnormal Psychology

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To help explain the recurrent nature of major depressive disorder, we tested the hypothesis that depressive episodes and/or the duration of depressive symptoms may give rise to persistent dysfunctional implicit and/or more explicit self-associations, which in turn may place people at risk for the recurrence of symptoms. We therefore examined, in the context of the Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety, whether the strength of self-depressed associations at baseline was related to the number of past episodes (retrospective analysis; n ϭ 666), and whether the duration of symptoms between baseline and follow-up predicted self-depressed associations at 2-year follow-up (prospective analysis; n ϭ 726). The lifetime Composite International Diagnostic Interviews and Life Chart Interview were used to index the number of depressive episodes; the Implicit Association Test and its explicit equivalent were used to index self-associations. Consistent with the hypothesis that self-depressed associations strengthen following prolonged activation of negative self-associations during depressive episodes, individuals' implicit and explicit self-depressed associations correlated positively both with the number of prior depressive episodes at baseline and with the duration of depressive symptoms between baseline and 2-year follow-up. There was evidence that these relationships held, particularly in the prospective study, even when controlling for neuroticism and current depressive symptoms, whereas the retrospective relationship between number of episodes and implicit self-associations fell just short of significance.

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The Composite International Diagnostic Interview

Cited by 2,350 publications

References 23 publications

Personality Disorders and the 3-Year Course of Alcohol, Drug, and Nicotine Use Disorders

Personality Disorders and the 3-Year Course of Alcohol, Drug, and Nicotine Use Disorders

The Association of Early Adolescent Problem Behavior and Adult Psychopathology: A Multivariate Behavioral Genetic Perspective

Hidden scars in depression? Implicit and explicit self-associations following recurrent depressive episodes.

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