The complications of augmentation mammaplasty by silicone injection

Bilateral breast reconstruction with a pedicled transverse rectus abdominis myocutaneous flap after subcutaneous mastectomy for symptomatic injected breasts

“…As the effects were Injected breast reconstruction with TRAM flap 243 dramatic and immediate, patients overlooked the potential hazards, including early devastating breast injuries and late complications [2,3]. The injected material usually causes a granulomatous reaction, tenderness, erythema, pain, or discomfort, and even skin necrosis.…”

“…The injected material usually causes a granulomatous reaction, tenderness, erythema, pain, or discomfort, and even skin necrosis. Eventually, the injected breast becomes very hard and develops a distorted contour [2]. Polyacrylamide hydrogel (PAAG) has been used as a tissue filler in facial corrective surgery and for breast augmentation in the former Soviet Union for more than 10 years.…”

“…Some biomaterials such as silicone gel and paraffin became popular with unlicensed cosmetic surgeons or medically unqualified personnel. The early results seemed good; however, many patients who received injection mammaplasty now suffer from late complications, such as granulomatous reactions, breast induration, painful deformities, and migration of injected materials [2]. Tender masses that cannot be differentiated from breast cancers give the most concern clinically.…”

Free Silicone-Induced Deep Inferior Epigastric Perforator Flap Failure in the Setting of Silicone Mastitis

“…[1][2][3] The constellation of symptoms first described by Boo-Chai in 1969 as "silicone mastitis," 4 stems from an inflammatory reaction to silicone and consists of pain, discoloration, and irregular nodularity. Though there are numerous reports regarding silicone mastitis, [4][5][6] the exact incidence is unknown. Unless confined to a localized area of the breast, the most effective treatment is mastectomy.…”

Sonographic features with histologic correlation in two cases of palpable breast cancer after breast augmentation by liquid silicone injection

“…1,2 In patients who received silicone injection, various silicone-induced mastopathies, including local granulomatous reaction, silicone-induced mastitis, foreign body reaction, fibrosis, silicone migration, and autoimmune reaction, were common. [1][2][3][4][5] Sonographic evaluation of the breasts in patients who have undergone breast augmentation with liquid silicone injections is limited because of the strong acoustic shadowing from the resulting silicone granulomas. To our knowledge, the sonographic features of breast cancer occurring in liquid silicone-augmented breasts have not been reported.…”