The complexity of the translation ability of circRNAs

Granados-Riverón, Javier T.; Aquino‐Jarquín, Guillermo

doi:10.1016/j.bbagrm.2016.07.009

Cited by 164 publications

(119 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…Although, circRNAs are classified as ncRNA, it has recently been reported that circRNAs may be translated into protein, if there is an internal ribosome entry site (IRES) present (Granados-Riveron and Aquino-Jarquin, 2016; Schneider et al, 2016; Pamudurti et al, 2017). An IRES is an alternative means of translation initiation in eukaryotes that is independent of the 5′ cap structure and 3′ poly(A) tail recognition (Hernandez et al, 2004).…”

Section: Biogenesis Of Circrnasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Circular RNAs: Biogenesis, Function and Role in Human Diseases

Greene

Baird

Brady

et al. 2017

Front. Mol. Biosci.

469

385

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Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are currently classed as non-coding RNA (ncRNA) that, unlike linear RNAs, form covalently closed continuous loops and act as gene regulators in mammals. They were originally thought to represent errors in splicing and considered to be of low abundance, however, there is now an increased appreciation of their important function in gene regulation. circRNAs are differentially generated by backsplicing of exons or from lariat introns. Unlike linear RNA, the 3′ and 5′ ends normally present in an RNA molecule have been joined together by covalent bonds leading to circularization. Interestingly, they have been found to be abundant, evolutionally conserved and relatively stable in the cytoplasm. These features confer numerous potential functions to circRNAs, such as acting as miRNA sponges, or binding to RNA-associated proteins to form RNA-protein complexes that regulate gene transcription. It has been proposed that circRNA regulate gene expression at the transcriptional or post-transcriptional level by interacting with miRNAs and that circRNAs may have a role in regulating miRNA function in cancer initiation and progression. circRNAs appear to be more often downregulated in tumor tissue compared to normal tissue and this may be due to (i) errors in the back-splice machinery in malignant tissues, (ii) degradation of circRNAs by deregulated miRNAs in tumor tissue, or (iii) increasing cell proliferation leading to a reduction of circRNAs. circRNAs have been identified in exosomes and more recently, chromosomal translocations in cancer have been shown to generate aberrant fusion-circRNAs associated with resistance to drug treatments. In addition, though originally thought to be non-coding, there is now increasing evidence to suggest that select circRNAs can be translated into functional proteins. Although much remains to be elucidated about circRNA biology and mechanisms of gene regulation, these ncRNAs are quickly emerging as potential disease biomarkers and therapeutic targets in cancer.

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Section: Biogenesis Of Circrnasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Circular RNAs: Biogenesis, Function and Role in Human Diseases

Greene

Baird

Brady

et al. 2017

Front. Mol. Biosci.

469

385

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…As reported in NSCLC, circ-ITCH functions as a “sponge” to block miR-7 or miR-214 and assures the stable expression of the ubiquitin E3 ligase ITCH to inhibit the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, which can indirectly inhibit the proliferation of lung cancer cells through promoting the ubiquitination and degradation of Dvl2 [33]. In addition to being a microRNA “sponge” or regulator of gene transcription [34], circRNAs not only can produce pseudogenes to alter the genomic DNA composition [18, 20, 35] but also possess a protein translation function [19]. Moreover, as prevalent molecules in eukaryotic cells, circRNAs are expressed abnormally in many types of cancer diseases and are closely related to the occurrence and development of cancer [32, 36, 37].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CircRNA Expression Profile in Early-Stage Lung Adenocarcinoma Patients

Zhao

Wang

et al. 2017

Cell Physiol Biochem

106

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Background/Aims: Lung adenocarcinoma, a form of non-small cell lung cancer with high lethality at an advanced stage, is becoming more common in women, non- or never-smokers, and even young adults. At present, there are still no effective early diagnosis methods for patients to be cured in a timely manner. Circular RNAs (circRNAs), which are stable and conserved non-coding RNA in mammalian cells, have been reported to be widely involved in the processes of cancer disease. However, it is still a puzzle as to which specific circRNAs are involved in the development of early-stage lung adenocarcinoma. Methods: Tumor samples and paired adjacent normal tissues from 4 patients with early-stage lung adenocarcinoma were selected to investigate the expression profile of circRNAs by using a high-throughput circRNA microarray. Bioinformatic analyses were conducted to screen those differentially expressed circRNAs. qRT-PCR and sequencing were performed to assure the microarray data. Results: A total of 357 circRNAs were dysregulated in the tumor samples, which suggests potential roles in lung cancer. qRT-PCR detection showed that five selected circRNAs were identical to the microarray data, and the potential circRNA-miRNA interactions were predicted. Conclusion: This work illustrates that clusters of circRNAs are aberrantly expressed in early-stage lung adenocarcinoma, which might offer potential targets for the early diagnosis of this disease and new genetic insights into lung cancer.

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“…First, lncRNAs can influence the transcription of protein-coding genes via antagonization of RNA polymerase II and the transcription initiation complex [108]. Second, lncRNAs regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level by masking splice sites on mRNAs [109], preventing miRNA binding, and even sequestering large numbers of miRNA species by functioning as “miRNA sponges” [110]. Finally, lncRNAs can influence the function of translated proteins via sequestering these proteins [111] and/or providing scaffolding for multi-protein complexes [112].…”

Section: Epigenetic Contribution To Pulmonary and Systemic Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Inhaled Pollutants: The Molecular Scene behind Respiratory and Systemic Diseases Associated with Ultrafine Particulate Matter

Traboulsi

Guerrina

et al. 2017

IJMS

140

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Air pollution of anthropogenic origin is largely from the combustion of biomass (e.g., wood), fossil fuels (e.g., cars and trucks), incinerators, landfills, agricultural activities and tobacco smoke. Air pollution is a complex mixture that varies in space and time, and contains hundreds of compounds including volatile organic compounds (e.g., benzene), metals, sulphur and nitrogen oxides, ozone and particulate matter (PM). PM0.1 (ultrafine particles (UFP)), those particles with a diameter less than 100 nm (includes nanoparticles (NP)) are considered especially dangerous to human health and may contribute significantly to the development of numerous respiratory and cardiovascular diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and atherosclerosis. Some of the pathogenic mechanisms through which PM0.1 may contribute to chronic disease is their ability to induce inflammation, oxidative stress and cell death by molecular mechanisms that include transcription factors such as nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) and nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2). Epigenetic mechanisms including non-coding RNA (ncRNA) may also contribute towards the development of chronic disease associated with exposure to PM0.1. This paper highlights emerging molecular concepts associated with inhalational exposure to PM0.1 and their ability to contribute to chronic respiratory and systemic disease.

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The complexity of the translation ability of circRNAs

Cited by 164 publications

References 66 publications

Circular RNAs: Biogenesis, Function and Role in Human Diseases

Circular RNAs: Biogenesis, Function and Role in Human Diseases

CircRNA Expression Profile in Early-Stage Lung Adenocarcinoma Patients

Inhaled Pollutants: The Molecular Scene behind Respiratory and Systemic Diseases Associated with Ultrafine Particulate Matter

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