The complex relationship between bone remodeling and the physical and material properties of bone

Burr, David B.

doi:10.1007/s00198-014-2970-4

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…In health, damaged areas of bone are constantly targeted for ongoing remodeling and repair. In CKD, some or all aspects of bone quality may be impaired (Table ) . This includes defective mineralization (osteomalacia), abnormal remodeling (low‐ or high‐turnover bone disease), increased microarchitectural impairment (cortical porosity), and accumulation of microdamage and advanced glycation end products (AGE) cross‐linking …”

Section: Pathophysiology Of Renal Osteodystrophymentioning

confidence: 99%

Rethinking Bone Disease in Kidney Disease

Damasiewicz

Nickolas

2018

JBMR Plus

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Renal osteodystrophy (ROD) is the bone component of chronic kidney disease mineral and bone disorder (CKD‐MBD). ROD affects bone quality and strength through the numerous hormonal and metabolic disturbances that occur in patients with kidney disease. Collectively these disorders in bone quality increase fracture risk in CKD patients compared with the general population. Fractures are a serious complication of kidney disease and are associated with higher morbidity and mortality compared with the general population. Furthermore, at a population level, fractures are at historically high levels in patients with end‐stage kidney disease (ESKD), whereas in contrast the general population has experienced a steady decline in fracture incidence rates. Based on these findings, it is clear that a paradigm shift is needed in our approach to diagnosing and managing ROD. In clinical practice, our ability to diagnose ROD and initiate antifracture treatments is impeded by the lack of accurate noninvasive methods that identify ROD type. The past decade has seen advances in the noninvasive measurement of bone quality and strength that have been studied in kidney disease patients. Below we review the current literature pertaining to the epidemiology, pathology, diagnosis, and management of ROD. We aim to highlight the pressing need for a greater awareness of this condition and the need for the implementation of strategies that prevent fractures in kidney disease patients. Research is needed for more accurate noninvasive assessment of ROD type, clinical studies of existing osteoporosis therapies in patients across the spectrum of kidney disease, and the development of CKD‐specific treatments. © 2018 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.

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Section: Pathophysiology Of Renal Osteodystrophymentioning

confidence: 99%

Rethinking Bone Disease in Kidney Disease

Damasiewicz

Nickolas

2018

JBMR Plus

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“…Parameters of length, width, depth, and volume were then used in the second step to differentiate within a class. These parameters are based on numerous analyses in the literature, with microcracks noted to be a length of 50-100µm 4,9,21 and resorption pits measured at 8-16µm long 23,30 . This process is outlined in Table 1 and Figure 1.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Microdefect types Histomorphometry studies have identified three types of microdefects which are likely interrelated and form together. Microcracks are defined as fractures in bone tissue at the scale of 50-100μm 9,21 . Diffuse damage consists of networks of small sub-lamellar size cracks (approximately 1 μm) 22 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Runaway resorption of microcracks contributes to age-related hip-fracture patients

Gray,

Boughton,

Wiles

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Microdefects, including microcracks and resorption trenches, may be important contributors to bone fragility. 3D microdefect morphology was imaged using synchrotron micro-CT to develop a classification system for investigating the relationship with bone mechanics and hip-fractures.Femoral heads from ageing hip-fracture patients (n=5, 74-82 years) were compared to ageing non-fracture controls (n=5, 72-84 years). Two trabecular cores were prepared from the chiasma; one was imaged using synchrotron micro-CT to measure microdefects and one was mechanically tested to measure tensile strength. Morphological and mechanical data were compared and correlated using Mann Whitney U test and Pearson’s rank correlation.Microdefects varied and were classified into four categories based on shape and measurable parameters. Hip-fracture donors exhibited significantly higher density of all microdefects (p<0.05). Microdefect volume was strongly negatively correlated with ultimate tensile strength (p<0.05) and stiffness (p<0.05).Microdefects might contribute to loss of bone strength and fragility fracture via runaway resorption. Microcracks could promote focussed osteoclastic resorption and the formation of resorption pits which create stress risers leading to the re-formation of microcracks under continued load. CT-based classification methods should be used to explore the complex interaction between microdefects, metabolism, and bone fracture mechanics.

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“…Functional adaptation does not create ideal skeletal morphology, but rather a morphology that is likely “good enough” to survive in a given environmental condition. Additionally, material changes to bone affected by altered physiology as the result of genetic, metabolic, and/or environmental factors occur throughout life and interact with structural variation . These structural and material properties and their functions, interactions, and the changes they undergo are the basis of bone quality.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microdamage as a Bone Quality Component: Practical Guidelines for the Two‐Dimensional Analysis of Linear Microcracks in Human Cortical Bone

Dominguez

Agnew

2019

JBMR Plus

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Microdamage is a component of bone quality believed to play an integral role in bone health. However, comparability between existing studies is fraught with issues due to highly variable methods of sample preparation and poorly defined quantification criteria. To address these issues, this article has two aims. First, detailed methods for preparation and analysis of linear microcracks in human ribs, specifically addressing troubleshooting issues cited in previous studies, are laid out. Second, new, partially validated criteria are proposed in an effort to reduce subjective differences in microcrack counts and measures, ensuring more comparable results between studies. Revised definitions based on current literature in conjunction with a digital atlas to reduce observer inaccuracy and bias are presented. The goal is to provide a practical methodology for bone biologists and biomechanists to collect and analyze linear microcracks for basic science research. © 2019 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.

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The complex relationship between bone remodeling and the physical and material properties of bone

Cited by 11 publications

References 26 publications

Rethinking Bone Disease in Kidney Disease

Rethinking Bone Disease in Kidney Disease

Runaway resorption of microcracks contributes to age-related hip-fracture patients

Microdamage as a Bone Quality Component: Practical Guidelines for the Two‐Dimensional Analysis of Linear Microcracks in Human Cortical Bone

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