The Complete Mitogenome of Curculio Chinensis (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Curculioninae): Structural Characterization and Phylogenetic Implication

Abstract

To explore the phylogenetic position of Curculio chinensis Chevrolat, 1878 and phylogenetic relationships among major lineages of the family Curculionidae, we sequenced and annotated this mitogenome. The mitogenome is 18,680 bp in length, and includes the 37 typical mitochondrial genes and a large control region (length: 1,997 bp). Mitogenome organization, nucleotide composition, and codon usage are similar to most of the previously sequenced Curculioninae mitogenomes. All 13 protein-coding genes use ATN or TTG as start codon, and end with TAA/G or incomplete stop codons (single T-). Twenty-one transfer RNA genes have the typical clover-leaf structures, while the dihydrouridine (DHU) arm of trnS1 is missing. In Curculioninae mitogenomes, the size and number of tandem repeats in the control region are highly variable. Both ML and BI analyses based on the 13 PCGs and two rRNAs from 91 species of Coleoptera strongly supported the monophyly of Curculionidae and three of the included subfamilies (Platypodinae, Dryophthorinae, and Cryptorhynchinae) plus the sister relationship between Platypodinae and Dryophthorinae. Additionally, the monophyly of the genus Curculio was recovered with strong support.