Abstract:Trematodes of the genus Ogmocotyle are intestinal flukes that can infect a variety of definitive hosts, resulting in significant economic losses worldwide. However, there are few studies on molecular data of these trematodes. In this study, the mitochondrial (mt) genome of Ogmocotyle ailuri isolated from red panda (Ailurus fulgens) was determined and compared with those from Pronocephalata to investigate the mt genome content, genetic distance, gene rearrangements and phylogeny. The complete mt genome of O.ail… Show more
“…All genes were transcribed in the same direction. Total length and gene order of all 3 newly sequenced allocreadiid mt genomes corresponds to the typical arrangement observed in other species allocated in the order Plagiorchiida (Liu et al, 2014;Briscoe et al, 2016;Chang et al, 2016;Qian et al, 2018;Le et al, 2019;Suleman et al, 2019Suleman et al, , 2020Suleman et al, , 2021Guo et al, 2022;Gao et al, 2023). The order of the 12PCGs seems to be highly conserved among trematodes, with the location of tRNAs as variable among species (Suleman et al, 2019;Gao et al, 2023).…”
Section: General Features Of Allocreadiid Mitogenomessupporting
confidence: 59%
“…Total length and gene order of all 3 newly sequenced allocreadiid mt genomes corresponds to the typical arrangement observed in other species allocated in the order Plagiorchiida (Liu et al ., 2014; Briscoe et al ., 2016; Chang et al ., 2016; Qian et al ., 2018; Le et al ., 2019; Suleman et al ., 2019, 2020, 2021; Guo et al ., 2022; Gao et al ., 2023). The order of the 12PCGs seems to be highly conserved among trematodes, with the location of tRNAs as variable among species (Suleman et al ., 2019; Gao et al ., 2023). Figure 1.Gen map of the 3 allocreadiid mitochondrial genomes, Allocreadium lobatum, Creptotrematina aguirrepequenoi, Wallinia mexicana.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Nucleotide composition of the 3 mt genomes was biased towards A and T, with and overall AT content of 63.5% in A. lobatum , 64.7% in C. aguirrepequenoi, and 65.1% in W. mexicana ( Fig. 2 ), as observed in most trematodes (Gao et al ., 2023 ). A + T contents of cytb, nad4L, nad1, nad3 , nad6 and cox1 were the lowest in A. lobatum , but the highest in W. mexicana ; the opposite was true for cox3 and cox2 , with the highest A + T content in A. lobatum.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Likewise, Pérez-Ponce de León and Hernández-Mena (2019) also found Xiphidiata as paraphyletic, and the suborder Haploporata was proposed for keeping the former as monophyletic. Other mt genome phylogenetic analyses using amino acids for building the trees have consistently shown the paraphyly of Xiphidiata (Guo et al, 2022;Gao et al, 2023). In the most recently published study, Atopkin et al (2023) used a comprehensive dataset of 61 mitogenomes of trematodes and corroborated Xiphidiata as paraphyletic, although their dataset was not analysed using nucleotides.…”
Section: Phylogenetic Relationships Of Allocreadiidaementioning
Trematodes of the family Allocreadiidae are primarily found in the intestines of freshwater fishes around the world. The family includes 15 genera and c. 130 species. The last 2 decades have witnessed an increase in the genetic library of its species. Molecular data have been crucial for species delimitation and species description within Allocreadiidae and for understanding their evolutionary and biogeographical history and classification. Here, the mitogenomes of 3 species of allocreadiids were obtained using high throughput sequencing methods. Mitogenomes were compared with other members of the order Plagiorchiida to determine their molecular composition, gene rearrangement and phylogenetic interrelationships. The complete circular mitogenomes of Allocreadium lobatum, Creptotrematina aguirrepequenoi and Wallinia mexicana were 14 424, 13 769 and 13 924 bp long respectively, comprising 12 protein-coding genes, 22 transfer RNA genes, 2 ribosomal RNA genes and 2 non-coding regions. Gene arrangements were identical to other Xiphidiatan trematodes. Phylogenetic analyses using the mitogenomes revealed Allocreadiidae as a monophyletic group closely related to other members of the suborder Xiphidiata; A. lobatum was yielded as the sister taxon of C. aguirrepequenoi + W. mexicana. Our study increases the complete mitochondrial genome library of trematodes and strengthens our understanding of the phylogenetic relationships and classification of this parasite group.
“…All genes were transcribed in the same direction. Total length and gene order of all 3 newly sequenced allocreadiid mt genomes corresponds to the typical arrangement observed in other species allocated in the order Plagiorchiida (Liu et al, 2014;Briscoe et al, 2016;Chang et al, 2016;Qian et al, 2018;Le et al, 2019;Suleman et al, 2019Suleman et al, , 2020Suleman et al, , 2021Guo et al, 2022;Gao et al, 2023). The order of the 12PCGs seems to be highly conserved among trematodes, with the location of tRNAs as variable among species (Suleman et al, 2019;Gao et al, 2023).…”
Section: General Features Of Allocreadiid Mitogenomessupporting
confidence: 59%
“…Total length and gene order of all 3 newly sequenced allocreadiid mt genomes corresponds to the typical arrangement observed in other species allocated in the order Plagiorchiida (Liu et al ., 2014; Briscoe et al ., 2016; Chang et al ., 2016; Qian et al ., 2018; Le et al ., 2019; Suleman et al ., 2019, 2020, 2021; Guo et al ., 2022; Gao et al ., 2023). The order of the 12PCGs seems to be highly conserved among trematodes, with the location of tRNAs as variable among species (Suleman et al ., 2019; Gao et al ., 2023). Figure 1.Gen map of the 3 allocreadiid mitochondrial genomes, Allocreadium lobatum, Creptotrematina aguirrepequenoi, Wallinia mexicana.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Nucleotide composition of the 3 mt genomes was biased towards A and T, with and overall AT content of 63.5% in A. lobatum , 64.7% in C. aguirrepequenoi, and 65.1% in W. mexicana ( Fig. 2 ), as observed in most trematodes (Gao et al ., 2023 ). A + T contents of cytb, nad4L, nad1, nad3 , nad6 and cox1 were the lowest in A. lobatum , but the highest in W. mexicana ; the opposite was true for cox3 and cox2 , with the highest A + T content in A. lobatum.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Likewise, Pérez-Ponce de León and Hernández-Mena (2019) also found Xiphidiata as paraphyletic, and the suborder Haploporata was proposed for keeping the former as monophyletic. Other mt genome phylogenetic analyses using amino acids for building the trees have consistently shown the paraphyly of Xiphidiata (Guo et al, 2022;Gao et al, 2023). In the most recently published study, Atopkin et al (2023) used a comprehensive dataset of 61 mitogenomes of trematodes and corroborated Xiphidiata as paraphyletic, although their dataset was not analysed using nucleotides.…”
Section: Phylogenetic Relationships Of Allocreadiidaementioning
Trematodes of the family Allocreadiidae are primarily found in the intestines of freshwater fishes around the world. The family includes 15 genera and c. 130 species. The last 2 decades have witnessed an increase in the genetic library of its species. Molecular data have been crucial for species delimitation and species description within Allocreadiidae and for understanding their evolutionary and biogeographical history and classification. Here, the mitogenomes of 3 species of allocreadiids were obtained using high throughput sequencing methods. Mitogenomes were compared with other members of the order Plagiorchiida to determine their molecular composition, gene rearrangement and phylogenetic interrelationships. The complete circular mitogenomes of Allocreadium lobatum, Creptotrematina aguirrepequenoi and Wallinia mexicana were 14 424, 13 769 and 13 924 bp long respectively, comprising 12 protein-coding genes, 22 transfer RNA genes, 2 ribosomal RNA genes and 2 non-coding regions. Gene arrangements were identical to other Xiphidiatan trematodes. Phylogenetic analyses using the mitogenomes revealed Allocreadiidae as a monophyletic group closely related to other members of the suborder Xiphidiata; A. lobatum was yielded as the sister taxon of C. aguirrepequenoi + W. mexicana. Our study increases the complete mitochondrial genome library of trematodes and strengthens our understanding of the phylogenetic relationships and classification of this parasite group.
Background
The Bucephalidae is a large family of digenean trematodes but most previous analyses of its phylogenetic position have relied on a single mitochondrial gene or morphological features. Mitochondrial genomes (mitogenomes) remain unavailable for the entire family. To address this, we sequenced the complete mitogenome of
Dollfustrema vaneyi
and analyzed the phylogenetic relationships with other trematodes.
Results
The circular genome of
Dollfustrema vaneyi
spanned 14,959 bp and contained 12 protein-coding genes, 22 transfer RNA genes, 2 ribosomal RNA genes, and a major non-coding region. We used concatenated amino acid and nucleotide sequences of all 36 genes for phylogenetic analyses, conducted using MrBayes, IQ-TREE and PhyloBayes. We identified pronounced topological instability across different analyses. The addition of recently sequenced two mitogenomes for the Aspidogastrea subclass along with the use of a site-heterogeneous model stabilized the topology, particularly the positions of Azygiidae and Bucephalidae. The stabilized results indicated that Azygiidae was the closest lineage to Bucephalidae in the available dataset, and together, they clustered at the base of the Plagiorchiida.
Conclusions
Our study provides the first comprehensive description and annotation of the mitochondrial genome for the Bucephalidae family. The results indicate a close phylogenetic relationship between Azygiidae and Bucephalidae, and reveal their basal placement within the order Plagiorchiida. Furthermore, the inclusion of Aspidogastrea mitogenomes and the site-heterogeneous model significantly improved the topological stability. These data will provide key molecular resources for future taxonomic and phylogenetic studies of the family Bucephalidae.
Supplementary Information
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12864-024-10740-1.
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