The complete mitochondrial genome of <i>Plodia interpunctella</i> (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) and comparison with other Pyraloidea insects

To understand mitogenome characteristics and reveal phylogenetic relationships of the genus Ostrinia, including several notorious pests of great importance for crops, we sequenced the complete mitogenomes of four species: Ostrinia furnacalis (Guenée, 1854), Ostrinia nubilalis (Hübner, 1796), Ostrinia scapulalis (Walker, 1859) and Ostrinia zealis (Guenée, 1854). Results indicate that the four mitogenomes-O. furnacalis, O. nubilalis, O. scapulalis, and O. zealis-are 15,245, 15,248, 15,311, and 15,208 bp in size, respectively. All four mitogenomes are comprised of 37 encoded genes and a control region. All 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs) initiate with ATN and terminate with TAN, with the exception of cox1 that starts with CGA, and cox1, cox2, and nad5 that terminate with an incomplete codon T. All transfer RNA genes (tRNAs) present the typical clover-leaf secondary structure except for the trnS1 (AGN) gene. There are some conserved structural elements in the control region. Our analyses indicate that nad6 and atp6 exhibit higher evolution rates compared to other PCGs. Phylogenetic analyses based on mitogenomes using both maximum likelihood (ML) and Bayesian inference (BI) methods revealed the relationship (O. palustralis + (O. penitalis + (O. zealis + (O. furnacalis + (O. nubilalis + O. scapulalis))))) within Ostrinia. Insects 2020, 11, 232 2 of 15East Asia, and Northwestern Africa. Within this third species group, three subgroups are recognized according to the differences in male mid-tibia. The first subgroup contains four species including O. nubilalis and O. furnacalis with smaller mid-tibia and lacking any groove or scales. The second subgroup includes two species, namely O. kurentzovi (Mutuura and Munroe, 1970) and O. narynensis (Mutuura and Munroe, 1970), with a moderately dilated tibia and a fringe of enlarged curved scales. The third subgroup consists of four species, including O. scapulalis and O. zealis, possessing a strongly dilated tibia and massive scales in the groove. Mutuura and Munroe (1970) stated that the three species groups within the genus Ostrinia are monophyletic and indicated that O. penitalis is the most primitive species. The second group was defined as monophyletic because the members share potential synapomorphies in male genitalia [2]. The third species group has been intensively studied on the basis of their morphology, pheromones, and DNA sequence. Based on the complexity of the male tibia, Mutuura and Munroe (1970) considered that the species with the smallest tibia is the most primitive, then the species with the medium tibia are intermediate, and finally, the species with the large tibia and massive tuft are the most derived.Frolov (1981, 1984) stated that the variation in the male mid-tibia was determined by two alleles. The Mt and Mt + were two alleles located on autosomes and controlled the size of the mid-tibia, while i and i + were two alleles located on Z-sex-linked chromosomes and controlled the groove appearance. Mt/Mt + and i/i + follow a Mendelian inheritance pattern ...

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“…In total, the codon usage of these six Ostrinia spp. is very similar to those of other Pyraloidea [54].…”

Section: Protein-coding Genessupporting

confidence: 86%

Complete Mitogenomic Structure and Phylogenetic Implications of the Genus Ostrinia (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)

Zhou

Dong

Qiao

et al. 2020

Insects

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“…In the P. polyacantha mitogenome, COX2 used TAG as the termination codon. Although TAG is the canonical termination codon in insect mitogenomes, it is not used frequently perhaps due to the high percentage of AT nucleotide use by the protein-coding genes ( Liu et al, 2016 ). In the 43 published mantis mitogenomes, only COX1 of Theopompa sp.-YN ( Ye et al, 2016 ) and Leptomantella albella ( Wang et al, 2016 ), COX2 of Theopropus elegans , ATP8 of Sibylla pretiosa , ATP6 of Phyllothelys spp.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gene characteristics of the complete mitochondrial genomes of Paratoxodera polyacantha and Toxodera hauseri (Mantodea: Toxoderidae)

Zhang

Cai

et al. 2018

PeerJ

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The family Toxoderidae (Mantodea) contains an ecologically diverse group of praying mantis species that have in common greatly elongated bodies. In this study, we sequenced and compared the complete mitochondrial genomes of two Toxoderidae species, Paratoxodera polyacantha and Toxodera hauseri, and compared their mitochondrial genome characteristics with another member of the Toxoderidae, Stenotoxodera porioni (KY689118). The lengths of the mitogenomes of T. hauseri and P. polyacantha were 15,616 bp and 15,999 bp, respectively, which is similar to that of S. porioni (15,846 bp). The size of each gene as well as the A+T-rich region and the A+T content of the whole genome were also very similar among the three species as were the protein-coding genes, the A+T content and the codon usages. The mitogenome of T. hauseri had the typical 22 tRNAs, whereas that of P. polyacantha had 26 tRNAs including an extra two copies of trnA-trnR. Intergenic regions of 67 bp and 76 bp were found in T. hauseri and P. polyacantha, respectively, between COX2 and trnK; these can be explained as residues of a tandem duplication/random loss of trnK and trnD. This non-coding region may be synapomorphic for Toxoderidae. In BI and ML analyses, the monophyly of Toxoderidae was supported and P. polyacantha was the sister clade to T. hauseri and S. porioni.

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“…Furthermore, all M. flavescens tRNAs display the typical clover-leaf secondary structure observed in most mitochondrial tRNAs with the exception of the trnS1 (AGN ) gene. Interestingly, trnS1 (AGN ) lacking a stable dihydrouridine arm has been observed in several insects, including Lepidopteran species and metazoan mitogenomes 35 36 37 38 . A 7 bp amino acid acceptor stem, in addition to the anticodon stem and loop (7 bp), are both conserved in all tRNAs.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The first complete mitochondrial genome for the subfamily Limacodidae and implications for the higher phylogeny of Lepidoptera

Liu

Xin

Bian

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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The mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) provides important information for understanding molecular evolution and phylogeny. To determine the systematic status of the family Limacodidae within Lepidoptera, we infer a phylogenetic hypothesis based on the complete mitogenome of Monema flavescens (Lepidoptera: Limacodidae). The mitogenome of M. flavescens is 15,396 base pairs (bp), and includes 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), two ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes, 22 transfer RNA (tRNA) genes, and a control region (CR). The AT skew of this mitogenome is slightly negative and the nucleotide composition is also biased towards A + T nucleotides (80.5%). All PCGs are initiated by ATN codons, except for the cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) gene, which is initiated by CGA. All tRNAs display the typical clover-leaf structure characteristic of mitochondrial tRNAs, with the exception of trnS1 (AGN). The mitogenome CR is 401 bp and consists of several features common to Lepidoptera. Phylogenetic analysis using Bayesian Inference (BI) and Maximum Likelihood (ML) based on nucleotide and amino acid sequences of 13 mitochondrial PCGs indicates that M. flavescens belongs to Zygaenoidea. We obtain a well-supported phylogenetic tree consisting of Yponomeutoidea + (Tortricoidea + Zygaenoidea + (Papilionoidea + (Pyraloidea + (Noctuoidea + (Geometroidea + Bombycoidea))))).

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The complete mitochondrial genome of Plodia interpunctella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) and comparison with other Pyraloidea insects

Cited by 29 publications

References 49 publications

Complete Mitogenomic Structure and Phylogenetic Implications of the Genus Ostrinia (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)

Complete Mitogenomic Structure and Phylogenetic Implications of the Genus Ostrinia (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)

Gene characteristics of the complete mitochondrial genomes of Paratoxodera polyacantha and Toxodera hauseri (Mantodea: Toxoderidae)

The first complete mitochondrial genome for the subfamily Limacodidae and implications for the higher phylogeny of Lepidoptera

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