The complete mitochondrial genome of the yellow coaster, Acraea issoria (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Heliconiinae: Acraeini): sequence, gene organization and a unique tRNA translocation event

Abstract

In this paper, the complete mitochondrial genome of Acraea issoria (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Heliconiinae: Acraeini) is reported; a circular molecule of 15,245 bp in size. For A. issoria, genes are arranged in the same order and orientation as the complete sequenced mitochondrial genomes of the other lepidopteran species, except for the presence of an extra copy of tRNA(Ile(AUR)b) in the control region. All protein-coding genes of A. issoria mitogenome start with a typical ATN codon and terminate in the common stop codon TAA, except that COI gene uses TTG as its initial codon and terminates in a single T residue. All tRNA genes possess the typical clover leaf secondary structure except for tRNA(Ser(AGN)), which has a simple loop with the absence of the DHU stem. The sequence, organization and other features including nucleotide composition and codon usage of this mitochondrial genome were also reported and compared with those of other sequenced lepidopterans mitochondrial genomes. There are some short microsatellite-like repeat regions (e.g., (TA)(9), polyA and polyT) scattered in the control region, however, the conspicuous macro-repeats units commonly found in other insect species are absent.

Complete mitochondrial genome of the Five-dot Sergeant <I>Parathyma sulpitia</I> (Nymphalidae: Limenitidinae) and its phylogenetic implications

“…Additionally, a motif ATAGA followed by 19 bp poly-T, which has been suggested as the structural signal for the recognition of proteins in the replication initiation of minor-strand mtDNA, was detected, which is similar to that observed in other lepidopteran species such as the Bombyx mori (Yukuhiro et al, 2002). Finally, a few of multiple short microsatellite-like repeat regions, such as the (AT) 7 located 195 bp upstream from rnnS and preceded by the ATTTA motif, were present, which was as expected as they are also detected in the majority of other sequenced lepidopterans (Hong et al, 2008;Hu et al, 2010;Kim et al, 2009;Mao et al, 2010;Pan et al, 2008;Wang et al, 2011;Xia et al, 2011). As for the tRNA-like sequences and the tandemly repeated elements often reported in other lepidopteran species (Kim et al, 2009;Pan et al, 2008), no relevant structures were detected in the P. sulpitia A+T-rich region.…”

Complete sequence of the mitochondrial genome of the Japanese buff-tip moth, Phalera flavescens (Lepidoptera: Notodontidae)

“…This region was located between the rrnS and trnM genes as we expected, with the A+T content of 93.2%, which is also well within the range of other lepidopterans from 88.0% in A. melete ) to 98.5% in Phthonandria atrilineata Twenty-six lepidopteran species in this study arranged from the shortest to the longest in the size of the non-D-loop region. The microsatellite-like (AT) 6 , ACC(AT) 6 and 16-bp poly-T elements were present in the flanking area of the P. flavescens D-loop region, and this case is similar to that found in other lepidopterans, such as ATTTA(AT) 7 , ATTTA(TA) 8 , ATTTA(AT) 9 , ATTTA(AT) 10 , ATTTA(AT) 7 (TA) 3 , and ATTTA(AT) 11 in C. raphaelis, M. sexta, B. mandarina, B. mori, O. lunifer, and A. melete, respectively (Yukuhiro et al, 2002;Kim et al, 2006;Pan et al, 2008;Cameron and Whiting, 2008;Hu et al, 2010;Liao et al, 2010). The motif poly-T stretch was located upstream of the rrnS 5'-end and preceded by the oligonucleotide ATAGA, and this structural feature is remarkably conserved in the majority of lepidopteran insects ( Figure 5).…”

Tandem duplication of two tRNA genes in the mitochondrial genome of Tagiades vajuna (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae)

“…Although tRNAs are considered to be the most "expendable" among the genes encoded by the mitochondrial genomes and their content and order in mitogenomes is rather variable (Gissi et al, 2008), only four tRNA duplications and/or tRNA pseudogenes are recorded in the superfamily Papilionoidea. Among these four, one species belongs to Lycaenidae, Coreana raphaelis (trnS1 duplication) (Kim et al, 2006), one to Nymphalidae, Acraea issoria (trnI pseudogene) (Hu et al, 2010) and the remaining two are hesperiids: Ochlodes venata (trnL2 pseudogene) and Ctenoptilum vasava (trnS1 duplication and trnL2 pseudogene) (Hao et al, 2012). That for C. vasava, is one of the only two available mitogenomes for the tribe Tagiadini.…”