The analysis of how organizations orchestrate their resource and capabilities in order to create and/or develop a competitive advantage has increasingly drawn scholarly and policy attention. The collection of 14 papers in this special issue brings new insights into business competitiveness by emphasizing the multidimensional nature of the competitiveness construct. By adopting a multidisciplinary perspective that combines a variety of frameworks (economics, resource-based view, and business servitization), the papers in this special issue analyze the relationships underlying business competitiveness, its determinants as well as its strengths and weaknesses in different geographic contexts (Europe and Latin America). This editorial note first portrays business competitiveness as a multidimensional construct and argues that competitivenessenhancing strategies require an effective understanding of businesses' resources and capabilities. Also, we provide a number of yet unresolved topics that deserve academic attention.