“…Hurley et al (1997) stated that the various methods of factor analysis each have their strengths and weaknesses, but the choice of which one to use depends on a study's requirements and context. When reviewing similar research studies, different investigators have identified professional nursing competencies mostly via factor analysis: ethical values and attitudes; general clinical skills and caring; personal and professional development; clinical biomedicine; critical thinking; communication/coordination; management/teaching; interpersonal relationships; and nursing research (Clinton, Murrells, & Robinson, 2005;Hartigan, Murphy, Flynn, & Walshe, 2010;Hsu & Hsieh, 2013;Lee-Hsieh, Kao, Kuo, & Tseng, 2003;Lofmark, Smide, & Wikblad, 2006;Nilsson et al, 2014;Numminen, Meretoja, Isoaho, & Leino-Kilpi, 2013;Vaughn et al, 2016).…”