The Compatible Solute Ectoine Protects against Nanoparticle-induced Neutrophilic Lung Inflammation

Sydlik, Ulrich; Gallitz, Inka; Albrecht, Catrin; Abel, Josef; Krutmann, Jean; Unfried, Klaus

doi:10.1164/rccm.200812-1911oc

Cited by 90 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Similar to the present study, a reduction of neutrophil infiltration by THP, independent from infiltration of other inflammatory cells including monocytes and macrophages, has been reported in nanoparticle-induced lung inflammation [10]. However, the level of inflammatory cytokines including TNF-α and IL-6 was significantly reduced by THP in nanoparticle-induced lung inflammation.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Nevertheless, THP is still believed to be compatible with cellular metabolism and function as initially described [3]. Up to now, no toxic potential in mammalian cells was identified [10]. Due to its hydrophilic nature, the protective impact of THP is believed to be liberated by mainly extracellularly exerted cell membrane protection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ectoine protects epidermal Langerhans’ cells effectively and supports natural repair mechanisms of these cells, and it reduces the number of apoptotic keratinocytes due to high UV stress [9]. Sydlik et al recently reported about dose-dependently reduced nanoparticle-induced neutrophil inflammation in the lung under in vitro and in vivo conditions, suggesting a mechanism involving the stabilization of macromolecules at the outer cell surface [10]. During small bowel transplantation (SBTx), the grafts are exposed to a variety of environmental stress including intraluminal and intravascular events.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Natural Tetrahydropyrimidine, Ectoine, Ameliorates Ischemia Reperfusion Injury after Intestinal Transplantation in Rats

Pech¹,

Ohsawa²,

Praktiknjo³

et al. 2012

Pathobiology

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Background/Aims: Ischemia reperfusion (I/R) injury after small bowel transplantation leads to inflammatory reactions and loss of structural integrity with subsequent graft contractile dysfunction in the early postoperative phase. The natural tetrahydropyrimidine ectoine (1-,4-,5-,6-tetrahydro-2-methyl-4-pyrimidine carboxylic acid; THP) protects the ileal mucosa and muscularis against effects of I/R injury in an experimental model of isolated graft reperfusion. The effects of THP treatment were evaluated in an established experimental intestinal transplant model. Methods: Isogenic, orthotopic small bowel transplantation was performed in Lewis rats (6 h cold ischemia time). Perioperative THP treatment (intraluminal/intravascular) groups were compared to vehicle-treated animals (after 3 and 24 h) and non-transplanted controls (n = 5/group). Park’s score defined the effects of I/R injury. The infiltration of neutrophils, monocytes and macrophages, mRNA expression of IL-6 and TNF-α, serum levels of IL-6 and NO and smooth muscle contractility were evaluated. Results: Improved graft outcome after intraluminal and intravascular THP treatment was defined by considerably ameliorated neutrophil infiltration and less histological signs of I/R injury (p ≤ 0.05). In the presence of THP, mRNA expression of IL-6 and TNF-α and IL-6 and NO serum levels were reduced and smooth muscle function was improved. Conclusion: THP treatment offers protection against the effects of I/R injury in intestinal transplantation in vivo, however, only as supplementary treatment option.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Natural Tetrahydropyrimidine, Ectoine, Ameliorates Ischemia Reperfusion Injury after Intestinal Transplantation in Rats

Pech¹,

Ohsawa²,

Praktiknjo³

et al. 2012

Pathobiology

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“…This adhesion molecule is a hallmark of inflammatory skin diseases such as psoriasis and AD [28]. In animal experiments, ectoine has also been found to protect against nanoparticle-induced neutrophilic lung inflammation, regardless of whether it is given with or before the nanoparticle [29,30]. Taken together, these studies strongly indicate that ectoine has anti-inflammatory properties.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ectoine-Containing Cream in the Treatment of Mild to Moderate Atopic Dermatitis: A Randomised, Comparator-Controlled, Intra-Individual Double-Blind, Multi-Center Trial

Marini

Reinelt

Krutmann

et al. 2013

Skin Pharmacol Physiol

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Introduction: The natural cyclic tetrahydropyrimidine, ectoine, is a low-molecular, water-binding, organic osmolyte. Previously, topical application of ectoine to healthy human skin was shown to improve skin hydration as well as skin barrier function. Objectives: We therefore speculated that topical application of ectoine would be beneficial for patients with atopic dermatitis (AD), in which a genetically defined defect in skin barrier function is of major pathogenetic relevance. We assessed the efficacy of an ectoine-containing cream (EHK02-01) in the management of 65 patients with mild to moderate AD in a randomized, intra-individual, double-blind, multi-center trial, in which the efficacy of ectoine was compared to a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory cream previously found to primarily act on skin barrier function and therefore with a comparable mode of action. Methods: Sixty-five patients with mild to moderate AD aged 18-65 years were enrolled. The patients applied EHK02-01 and the control cream on two symmetrical lesions twice daily for 28 days. At the beginning, after 7 and after 28 days, treated skin areas were assessed by modified, objective local SCORAD (Scoring Atopic Dermatitis) and IGA (Investigator's Global Assessment) as well as the patients' judgment of efficacy and their assessment of pruritus. Results: EHK02-01 was found to be very well tolerated. Even more important, efficacy of EHK02-01 treatment was equivalent to that achieved with the reference product. Conclusion: These results indicate that topical treatment with EHK02-01 may represent a novel option for the treatment of patients with AD.

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“…As their surface characteristics influence the pro-inflammatory effect of spherical nanoparticles [161], it can be expected that incorporating CNTs in polymeric materials will modify the surface properties of CNTs, which could modify their toxicity without affecting their specific properties and potential for use in future applications. The protective effect of the compatible solute Ectoine against CNT-induced lung inflammation has been studied recently [162]. However, a strategy based on the production of intrinsically safer nanomaterials seems to offer much more promise.…”

Section: Toxicity Of Cnts and Its Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon nanotubes-properties and applications: a review

Ibrahim¹

2013

Carbon letters

360

120

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The carbon nanotube (CNT) represents one of the most unique inventions in the field of nanotechnology. CNTs have been studied closely over the last two decades by many researchers around the world due to their great potential in different fields. CNTs are rolled graphene with SP 2 hybridization. The important aspects of CNTs are their light weight, small size with a high aspect ratio, good tensile strength, and good conducting characteristics, which make them useful as fillers in different materials such as polymers, metallic surfaces and ceramics. CNTs also have potential applications in the field of nanotechnology, nanomedicine, transistors, actuators, sensors, membranes, and capacitors. There are various techniques which can be used for the synthesis of CNTs. These include the arc-discharge method, chemical vaporize deposition (CVD), the laser ablation method, and the sol gel method. CNTs can be single-walled, double-walled and multi-walled. CNTs have unique mechanical, electrical and optical properties, all of which have been extensively studied. The present review is focused on the synthesis, functionalization, properties and applications of CNTs. The toxic effect of CNTs is also presented in a summarized form.

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The Compatible Solute Ectoine Protects against Nanoparticle-induced Neutrophilic Lung Inflammation

Abstract: Because compatible solutes are compliant natural products without known toxic potential, we propose that this group of substances may be used for the prevention of particle-induced airway inflammation in humans.

Cited by 90 publications

References 35 publications

A Natural Tetrahydropyrimidine, Ectoine, Ameliorates Ischemia Reperfusion Injury after Intestinal Transplantation in Rats

A Natural Tetrahydropyrimidine, Ectoine, Ameliorates Ischemia Reperfusion Injury after Intestinal Transplantation in Rats

Ectoine-Containing Cream in the Treatment of Mild to Moderate Atopic Dermatitis: A Randomised, Comparator-Controlled, Intra-Individual Double-Blind, Multi-Center Trial

Carbon nanotubes-properties and applications: a review

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