The compatibility of a nucleopolyhedrosis virus control with resistance management for Bacillus thuringiensis: Co-infection and cross-resistance studies with the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella

Raymond, Ben; Sayyed, Ali H.; Wright, Denis J.

doi:10.1016/j.jip.2006.06.003

Cited by 34 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…In cage studies, refuges treated with an entomopathogenic virus were more effective at slowing pest resistance to Bt than untreated refuges (Raymond et al, 2007). However, in an earlier study, there was no association between resistance to Bt and susceptibility to a virus across three insect strains (Raymond et al, 2006). In general, fitness costs of Bt resistance are greater when pests are more resistant to Bt (i.e., have a higher LC 50 ) (Gassmann et al, 2009).…”

Section: Biological Control and Resistance Management In Insect-resismentioning

confidence: 83%

“…Mortality of Spodoptera frugiperda from entomopathogenic viruses was greater when insects consumed non-Bt maize compared with Bt maize (Farrar et al, 2004). Similarly, several studies report antagonistic interactions between Cry toxins, either alone or as part of a Bt strain (e.g., B. t. kurstaki), and entomopathogenic viruses (Bell and Romine, 1986;Pingel and Lewis, 1999;Farrar et al, 2004;Liu et al, 2006;Raymond et al, 2006). In these studies insects consumed plant material or diet treated with Bt (Cry toxin or bacteria), entomopathogenic viruses, or both in combination.…”

Section: Entomopathogensmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Antagonism between Bt and viruses could result from a reduction of leaf consumption by Bt-fed herbivores, which can in turn decrease exposure to entomopathogenic viruses (Farrar et al, 2004). Alternatively, Bt-imposed changes to cells that line the insect midgut may decrease the susceptibility of insects to subsequent infection with viruses (Raymond et al, 2006). These studies suggest that while control of pests in a Bt cropping system may be enhanced by entomopathogenic fungi and nematodes, control with entomopathogenic viruses may be less effective because Bt toxins may reduce the susceptibility of pests to viruses, but more data are needed before clear conclusions can be drawn.…”

Section: Entomopathogensmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ecological compatibility of GM crops and biological control

et al. 2009

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Insect-resistant and herbicide-tolerant genetically modified (GM) crops pervade many modern cropping systems (especially field-cropping systems), and present challenges and opportunities for developing biologically based pest-management programs. Interactions between biological control agents (insect predators, parasitoids, and pathogens) and GM crops exceed simple toxicological relationships, a priority for assessing risk of GM crops to non-target species. To determine the compatibility of biological control and insect-resistant and herbicide-tolerant GM crop traits within integrated pest-management programs, this synthesis prioritizes understanding the bi-trophic and prey/host-mediated ecological pathways through which natural enemies interact within cropland communities, and how GM crops alter the agroecosystems in which natural enemies live. Insect-resistant crops can affect the quantity and quality of non-prey foods for natural enemies, as well as the availability and quality of both target and non-target pests that serve as prey/hosts. When they are used to locally eradicate weeds, herbicide-tolerant crops alter the agricultural landscape by reducing or changing the remaining vegetational diversity. This vegetational diversity is fundamental to biological control when it serves as a source of habitat and nutritional resources. Some inherent qualities of both biological control and GM crops provide opportunities to improve upon sustainable IPM systems. For example, biological control agents may delay the evolution of pest resistance to GM crops, and suppress outbreaks of secondary pests not targeted by GM plants, while herbicide-tolerant crops facilitate within-field management of vegetational diversity that can enhance the efficacy of biological control agents. By examining the ecological compatibility of biological control and GM crops, and employing them within an IPM framework, the sustainability and profitability of farming may be improved. RightsWorks produced by employees of the U.S. Government as part of their official duties are not copyrighted within the U.S. The content of this document is not copyrighted. b s t r a c tInsect-resistant and herbicide-tolerant genetically modified (GM) crops pervade many modern cropping systems (especially field-cropping systems), and present challenges and opportunities for developing biologically based pest-management programs. Interactions between biological control agents (insect predators, parasitoids, and pathogens) and GM crops exceed simple toxicological relationships, a priority for assessing risk of GM crops to non-target species. To determine the compatibility of biological control and insect-resistant and herbicide-tolerant GM crop traits within integrated pest-management programs, this synthesis prioritizes understanding the bi-trophic and prey/host-mediated ecological pathways through which natural enemies interact within cropland communities, and how GM crops alter the agroecosystems in which natural enemies live. Insect-resistant crops can...

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Section: Biological Control and Resistance Management In Insect-resismentioning

confidence: 83%

Section: Entomopathogensmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Entomopathogensmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ecological compatibility of GM crops and biological control

et al. 2009

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“…Our findings are consistent with the study by Johnson et al (20), who did not find a higher fungal infection rate with N. rileyi in B. thuringiensis-resistant Heliothis virescens larvae. Likewise, susceptibility to nucleopolyhedrovirus infection was not increased in a B. thuringiensis-resistant Plutella xylostella strain (37) and B. thuringiensis resistance in larvae of the flour moth Ephestia kuehniella had no effect on parasitism by an endoparasitoid (36).…”

Section: Vol 74 2008mentioning

confidence: 93%

Effectiveness of Bacillus thuringiensis -Transgenic Chickpeas and the Entomopathogenic Fungus Metarhizium anisopliae in Controlling Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Lawo

Mahon

Milner

et al. 2008

Appl Environ Microbiol

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The use of genetically modified (Bt) crops expressing lepidopteran-specific Cry proteins derived from the soil bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis is an effective method to control the polyphagous pest Helicoverpa armigera. As H. armigera potentially develops resistance to Cry proteins, Bt crops should be regarded as one tool in integrated pest management. Therefore, they should be compatible with biological control. Bioassays were conducted to understand the interactions between a Cry2Aa-expressing chickpea line, either a susceptible or a Cry2A-resistant H. armigera strain, and the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae. In a first concentration-response assay, Cry2A-resistant larvae were more tolerant of M. anisopliae than susceptible larvae, while in a second bioassay, the fungus caused similar mortalities in the two strains fed control chickpea leaves. Thus, resistance to Cry2A did not cause any fitness costs that became visible as increased susceptibility to the fungus. On Bt chickpea leaves, susceptible H. armigera larvae were more sensitive to M. anisopliae than on control leaves. It appeared that sublethal damage induced by the B. thuringiensis toxin enhanced the effectiveness of M. anisopliae. For Cry2A-resistant larvae, the mortalities caused by the fungus were similar when they were fed either food source. To examine which strain would be more likely to be exposed to the fungus, their movements on control and Bt chickpea plants were compared. Movement did not appear to differ among larvae on Bt or conventional chickpeas, as indicated by the number of leaflets damaged per leaf. The findings suggest that Bt chickpeas and M. anisopliae are compatible to control H. armigera.

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“…The nucleopolyhedrosis (NPV) is a natural microbial pathogen of lepidopteron pests and it infects insect midgut cells and causes chronic infections (Kumar et al 2008). NPV products are commercially available for heliothine pests in the USA and Australia (Mensah 2002;Raymond et al 2006). NPVs have limitations as insecticides, especially due to their production costs.…”

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confidence: 99%

Effects of Helicoverpa armigera Nucleopolyhedrosis virus (HaNPV) on the larvae of the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae)

2014

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Magholi Z., Abbasipour H., Marzban R. (2014): Effects of Helicoverpa armigera nucleopolyhedrosis virus (HaNPV) on the larvae of the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae). Plant Protect. Sci., 50: 184-189.Laboratory studies were performed to determine the insecticidal activity of baculovirus against diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella. The nucleopolyhedrosis (HaNPV) was tested against 2 nd instar larvae fed on cabbage leaf disks treated with aqueous suspensions of occlusion bodies (OB). Lethal concentrations values (LC 25 , LC 50 , and LC 75 ) were 2.2 × 10 3 , 3.8 × 10 4 , and 6.6 × 10 5 PIB/ml for 2 nd larval instars, respectively. Median lethal time (LT 50 ) to similar response levels (mortality rates 50-75%) decreased with decreasing larval age (from 114.23 to 106.05 h). Larval development time and pupal weight were not affected by different concentrations (LC 25 , LC 50 , and LC 75 ) of HaNPV. Significant differences were found in the pupal rate and adult emergence in larvae treated by different concentrations. In conclusion, HaNPV treatment failed to cause high mortality rates in P. xylostella larvae, but it had prompt deleterious effects on survivor's development and emergence.

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The compatibility of a nucleopolyhedrosis virus control with resistance management for Bacillus thuringiensis: Co-infection and cross-resistance studies with the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella

Cited by 34 publications

References 40 publications

Ecological compatibility of GM crops and biological control

Ecological compatibility of GM crops and biological control

Effectiveness of Bacillus thuringiensis -Transgenic Chickpeas and the Entomopathogenic Fungus Metarhizium anisopliae in Controlling Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Effects of Helicoverpa armigera Nucleopolyhedrosis virus (HaNPV) on the larvae of the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae)

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