The Comparison Properties of Recycle Rubber Powder, Carbon Black, and Calcium Carbonate Filled Natural Rubber Compounds

Ismail, Hanafi; Nordin, Rumaizah Mohd; Noor, Ahmad Md.

doi:10.1081/ppt-120014392

Cited by 33 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 14 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Shape and impermeability of discarded tires allow it to hold water for a long period of time, providing sites for mosquito larva breedings that are vectors of deadly diseases such as dengue, chikungunya, and malaria. Discarded tires could also present breeding ground to other animals such as rodents and snakes .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The properties of elastomeric composites based on three network precursors

Jovanović¹,

Jovanović²,

Marković³

et al. 2018

Polymer Composites

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The powder recycled rubber (PRR) can be used as a filler and a modifier for elastomeric materials and asphalt. Composites based on elastomers and recycled rubber powders are a serious challenge for the environment. The main goal of this paper was to study the effect of rubber powder on the mechanical properties of elastomeric composites based on three precursors of the network. Triple blends were prepared using non‐polar natural rubber (NR), polyisoprene rubber (BR), and styrene‐butadiene rubber (SBR) (mass ratio 40/40/20). In all rubber compounds, the carbon black (CB)/PRR mass ratio is constant (60). Samples were prepared using two roll mill. The characteristics of hardening (optimum cure time, scorch time, minimum and maximum torque) of rubber mixtures were tested. Tensile strength, modulus at 100% elongation and elongation at break are decreasing with PRR ratio is increasing. It is due to poor adhesion of PRR into NR/BR/SBR/CB matrix. The thermal degradation temperature shifts to a higher temperature up to 5 phr of PRR in NR/BR/SBR/CB rubber blends. Fourier‐transform infrared spectra of NR/BR/SBR/CB/PRR samples show that the absorption bands shifted 7–15 cm−1 to higher wavenumbers and confirmed rubber–filler interaction. Morphology was assessed by scanning electron microscopy. POLYM. COMPOS., 40:1307–1314, 2019. © 2018 Society of Plastics Engineers

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The properties of elastomeric composites based on three network precursors

Jovanović¹,

Jovanović²,

Marković³

et al. 2018

Polymer Composites

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…One of the most important fillers used in large quantities in particulate‐filled polymers is calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ). Much work11–14 has been done to study the use of CaCO 3 as a filler for polymeric materials. It not only lowers the cost but also improves the mechanical properties, including the modulus, hardness, toughness, dimensional stability, thermal resistance, and flame retardancy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of lime kiln dust as a filler in the natural rubber industry

Arayapranee

Rempel

2010

J of Applied Polymer Sci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Lime kiln dust (LKD) obtained from kraft chemical recovery systems by conversion of calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ) back into calcium oxide (CaO) for reuse in the causticizing process, is mainly composed of CaCO 3 . A two-stage conventional mixing procedure was used to incorporate LKD into natural rubber (NR). For comparison purposes, four commercial fillers, stearic acid coated CaCO 3 , ground CaCO 3 , silica, and carbon black, were also used. The effect of these fillers on the curing characteristics and mechanical properties of NR materials at various loadings ranging from 0 to 60 phr were studied. The results indicate that the use of LKD filler resulted in a lower Mooney viscosity and shorter curing time in the NR materials. The incorporation of LKD into NR improved the Young's modulus and hardness but decreased the tensile strength and tear strength. However, LKD was better in processability than the commercial fillers. Scanning electron micrographs revealed that the morphology of the rubbers filled with reinforcing fillers, such as silica and carbon black, was finer and more homogeneous compared to the those of the rubbers filled with LKD and commercial CaCO 3 . The dispersion of LKD and commercial CaCO 3 fillers in the rubber matrix was discontinuous, which in turn, generated a weak structure compared with the reinforcing fillers. According to these observations, LKD could be used as a cheaper filler for NR materials where improved mechanical properties are not critical.

show abstract

“…[16][17][18] Calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ) powder has been widely used as fillers in plastic, rubber, adhesive and coating industries to improve the mechanical properties and decrease the product cost. [19][20][21] The simplest way to prepare this composite is to blend polymer with CaCO 3 , but the reinforcing phenomena are barely seen, which is mostly attributed to poor compatibility and interaction between CaCO 3 filler and matrix polymer. [22] Obviously, to prepare core-shell composite particles is an ideal way to solve this problem.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication and Characterization of Sulfonate‐containing Polystyrene/CaCO₃ Core‐shell Nanoparticles

Wang

Cheng

et al. 2014

Chin. J. Chem.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Polystyrene (PSt) seed latex was first prepared via soap-free emulsion polymerization in the presence of a small amount of methacrylic acid using ammonium persulfate as initiator, and then seeded emulsion polymerization of sodium 4-styrenesulfonate (NaSS) and St was carried out to synthesize P(St-NaSS) core latex using 2,2'-azobisisobutyronitrile as initiator. After that, P(St-NaSS)/CaCO 3 core-shell nanoparticles were fabricated by sequentially introducing Ca(OH) 2 aqueous solution and CO 2 gas into the core latex. The morphology of the core and core-shell nanoparticles was characterized by dynamic light scattering (DLS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and the state of CaCO 3 shell was confirmed with high-resolution scanning transmission electron microscope (HR-STEM) and selected area electron diffraction (SAED). Results showed that PNaSS chains were successfully grafted onto the PSt seed surface, and length of the PNaSS "hairs" could be modulated by adjusting NaSS amount. Sulfonic groups of the PNaSS hairs served as additives in the formation and stabilization of amorphous CaCO 3 (ACC) and prevented ACC from sequent transformation into crystalline states. The amount of the anchored CaCO 3 increased with the growth of PNaSS hair length, and reached 51 wt% (by thermalgravimetric analysis) under the optimal encapsulating temperature of 45 ℃. Moreover, the forming mechanism of P(St-NaSS)/CaCO 3 coreshell nanoparticles was proposed.

show abstract

The Comparison Properties of Recycle Rubber Powder, Carbon Black, and Calcium Carbonate Filled Natural Rubber Compounds

Cited by 33 publications

References 14 publications

The properties of elastomeric composites based on three network precursors

The properties of elastomeric composites based on three network precursors

Application of lime kiln dust as a filler in the natural rubber industry

Fabrication and Characterization of Sulfonate‐containing Polystyrene/CaCO₃ Core‐shell Nanoparticles

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

The Comparison Properties of Recycle Rubber Powder, Carbon Black, and Calcium Carbonate Filled Natural Rubber Compounds

Cited by 33 publications

References 14 publications

The properties of elastomeric composites based on three network precursors

The properties of elastomeric composites based on three network precursors

Application of lime kiln dust as a filler in the natural rubber industry

Fabrication and Characterization of Sulfonate‐containing Polystyrene/CaCO3 Core‐shell Nanoparticles

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Fabrication and Characterization of Sulfonate‐containing Polystyrene/CaCO₃ Core‐shell Nanoparticles