The Comparison of Total Phenolics, Total Antioxidant, and Anti-Tyrosinase Activities of Korean Sargassum Species

Abstract

Sargassum species, a group of marine brown algae consumed in Asian countries, have shown various health benefits, such as improving the conditions of cardiovascular disease, osteoarthritis, and hypopigmentation. Also, these benefits are associated with their phenolic content and strong antioxidant capacities. However, the antioxidant capacities of different Sargassum species had not been thoroughly explored and compared. Thus, this study aimed to compare the total phenolic contents, total flavonoid contents, total antioxidant capacities, and anti-tyrosine activity of eleven Sargassum species harvested off the Korean coast. The results revealed that the total phenolic content (from 20.57 to 88.97 mg gallic acid equivalent/g dry weight (dw)), flavonoid content (from 22.08 to 82.33 mg quercetin equivalent/g dw), anti-tyrosinase activity (from 13.30 to 126.30 mg kojic acid equivalent/dw), and antioxidant capacities of the 11 Sargassum species had wide ranges. Among them, S. miyabei Yendo and S. hemiphyllum showed the highest total antioxidant capacities while S. miyabei Yendo exhibiting the highest total phenolic and flavonoid contents. The highest anti-tyrosinase activity was seen in S. fillicinum and S. yendoi. Sargahydroqunoic acid and sargachromanol, two alga-derived meroterpenoid compounds with strong antioxidant activity, were detected and quantified in S. miyabei Yendo and S. serratifolium. Our findings guarantee further investigation of the health benefits of Sargassum species and maximize the commercial usage of these species.

Effect of particle size on phytochemical composition and antioxidant properties of Sargassum cristaefolium ethanol extract

“…The size reduction of a biological sample before extraction maximizes the surface area, which in turn enhances the transfer of bioactive compounds from the biological material to the solvent 26 . The content of TPC and TFC from several Sargassum species had been demonstrated in other studies 27 . However, due to different parameters and sample preparation, the results are sometimes incomparable.…”

Determination of Phenolic Content, Antioxidant Activity, and Tyrosinase Inhibitory Effects of Functional Cosmetic Creams Available on the Thailand Market

“…The findings of our study are in agreement with a previous study that investigated 11 plant species of Sargassum extracts. A positive correlation between the phenolic contents and their antioxidant activity was significantly observed [ 63 ].…”

“…These products (whitening creams, anti-aging serums, toners, lotions, facial foams, and soaps) are commonly used by Asian consumers to whiten the skin and treat yellowish discoloration or brown patches on the face or body [ 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 ]. In addition to whitening effects, many phenolic compounds derived from plant extracts have been reported for their anti-tyrosinase activity and are now being included in cosmetics ingredients [ 3 , 16 , 63 ]. Natural phenolic compounds, including kaempferol, caffeic acid, and resveratrol, have exhibited the anti-tyrosinase activity [ 33 , 57 ].…”

Cytotoxicity against Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HepG2) Cells and Anti-Oxidant Activity of Selected Endemic or Medicinal Plants in Sri Lanka

“…Phenolic and flavonoids are reported to exhibit anti-ulcerative, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, cytotoxic, anti-cancer, and anti-depressant activities [ 20 ]. Intake of phenolic compounds reduces the risk of degenerative diseases accompanied with oxidative stress including cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and obesity [ 22 ]. Anti-oxidant activity is a fundamental property of most of the bioactive compounds with anti-carcinogenic and anti-aging properties [ 23 – 25 ].…”